Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)

Applications 6-Nitro-1-pyrenol is a urinary hydroxylated metabolites used as a biomarkers of exposure of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. References Toriba, A., et al.: J. Health. Sci., 53; 631 (2007); Chae, Y.H., et al.: Cancer Res., 59, 1473 (1999);

Applications m-Toluquinoline is a reagent used in the preparation of diarylmethylpiperazines as potent opioid receptor agonists with improved side effects. Also used in the preparation of novel pyrazine compounds derived from 2-phenylquinolin-7-yl which act as potent insulin-like growth factor-I receptor inhibitors. References Plobeck, N. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 43, 3878 (2000); Mulvihill, M. et al.: Bioorg Med. Chem. Lett., 16, 1359 (2008);

Applications Acenaphthene-d10 is an isotopic analog of Acenaphthene (1,2-Dihydro Acenaphthylene)(D448330), which is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Hansen, B., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 18, 772 (1999), Czub, G., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 38, 2406 (2004),

Applications Benzo[a]pyrene-d12 is deuterium labelled and a useful compound for determining polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in cigarette mainstream smoke. It can also be used to prepare isotope internal standard solutions suitable for analyzing polycyclic aromatic compounds from complex mixtures in mass spectrometry. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Wang, X., et al.: Faming Zhuanli Shenqing CN 103439443 A 20131211 (2013); Sim, P. G., et al.: Polycyclic Aromat. Compd 3, 55 (1993)

Impurity Duloxetine EP Impurity G Applications 1-Fluoronaphthalene (Duloxetine EP Impurity G) is a fluorinated naphthalene derivative that is metabolized by fungal monooxygenase-epoxide hydrolase. Duloxetine (D721000) impurity. References Cerniglia, C.E. et al.: Appl. Env. Microbiol., 48, 294 (1984);

Applications 6-Methylchrysene is one of the methylated chrysenes (MeChry), as an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist. Methylated chrysenes (MeChry) are important cigarette smoke constituents and 6-MeChry has been listed as possibly carcinogenic to humans. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Amin, S. et al.: Cancer Res., 45, 6406 (1985); Blaha, L. et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 65, 43 (2002); Brack, W. et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 37, 3062 (2003); Andrysik, Z. et al.: Mutat. Res., 615, 87 (2007);

Applications Phenanthrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, an environmental pollutant.This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs). Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Di Toro, D. et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 19, 1971 (2000); Vines, C. et al.: Aquat. Toxicol., 51, 225 (2000); Incardona, J. et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 196, 191 (2004); Junghans, M. et al.: Aquat. Toxicol., 76, 93 (2006);

Applications 1,6-Dichloropyrene is a chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in air samples from the urban environment. References Oestman, C., et al.: J. High Res. Chromatog., 15, 745 (1992)

Applications A metabolite of Bentazon, a selective post-emergence herbicide. References Klibanov, A., et al.: Science, 221, 259 (1983), Huber, R., et al.: Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 137, 111 (1994), Roper, J., et al.: Wat. Res., 29, 2720 (1995),

Applications A heterocyclic aromatic compound with potent mutagenic and carcinogenic properties. References Dowty, H., et al.: Carcinogenesis, 21, 991 (2000), Zacharova, L., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 73, 108 (2003), Buters, J., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 15, 1127 (2002),

Applications 2,3-Benzoperylene is a potent mutagen. It can be used as a standard in determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH’s). References Durant, J., et al.: Mutat. Res-Genet. Tox., 446, 1 (1999); Schubert, P., et al.: Analyt. Chem.m 75, 234 (2003)

Applications Labelled analogue of Dibenz[a,h]anthracene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and a known carcinogen. Dibenz[a,h]anthracene has produced positive results in bacterial DNA damage and mutagenicity assays and in mammalian cell DNA damage, mutagenicity and cell transformation assays. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Farmer, P.B. et al.: Mutat. Res. Re. Mutat. Res., 544, 397 (2003); Leadon, S. et al.: Carcinogenesis, 16, 3021 (1995); Andrews, A.W. et al.: Mutat. Res., 51, 311 (1978); Kaden, D.A. et al.: Cancer Res., 39, 4152 (1979);

Applications 4,5-Methanochrysene shows moderate degree of carcinogenic activity. As a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), it is considered as a pollutant. References Dunlap, C., et al.: Cancer Res., 3, 606(1943); Rice, J., et al.: Carcinogenesis, 9, 2275 (1988); Fabacher, D., et al.: Arch. Environ. Con. Tox., 21, 17 (1991)

Applications 5-Methylbenz[a]anthracene is a monomethylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with carcinogenic activity. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Majumdar, R. et al.: Mutat. Res. Lett., 175, 1 (1986); Smith, I.A. et al.: Int. J. Quant. Chem. Quant. Biol. Symp., 5, 311 (1978); Wislocki, P.G. et al.: Carcinogenesis, 3, 215 (1982);

Applications 1-Hydroxypyrene-d9 is found in humane urine after exposure to coal tar and a coal derived product. References Jongeneelen, F.J., et al.: Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health, 57, 47 (1985)

Applications Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their PAH-DNA adducts in lung tissues, and their ability to mutate the Ki-ras oncogene in PAH-induced tumors. Seven PAHs were studied: cyclopenta[cd]pyrene (CPP), benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), benzo[b]fluoranthene (B[b]F), dibenz[a,h]anthracene (DBA), 5-methylchrysene (5MC), benz[j]aceanthrylene (B[j]A), and dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DB[a,l]P). References Nesnow, S., et al.: Cancer Lett., 73, 73 (1993), Herzog, C., et al.: Cancer Res., 54, 4007 (1994), Prahalad, A., et al.: Carcinogenesis, 18, 1955 (1997),

Stability Moisture Sensitive Applications Phorate Oxon Sulfone is a major metabolite of Phorate (P353500), an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase and pseudocholinesterase. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Boshoff, P.R., et al.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 27, 626 (1979),

Applications 2-Methylnaphthalene-D10 is a labelled analogue of 2-Methylnaphthalene (M323130). 2-​Methylnaphthalene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) that has been used as an indicator of smoke exposure in food and packaging materials. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Johnston, J.J., et. al.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 42, 1954 (1994)

Applications 3-Chloroacenaphthene is a chloro derivative of Acenaphthene (D448330); a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon serving as a carcinogenic agent. References Hansen, B., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 18, 772 (1999); Czub, G., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 38, 2406 (2004)

Applications Octachloronapthalene is a polychlorinated napththalene (PCN) produced via industrial thermal processes. It is a chemical pollutant present in the environment. References Liu, G. et al.: Chemos., 118, 112 (2015); Pena-Abaurrea, M. et al.: Env. Sci. Tech., 48, 9591 (2014);

Applications Labelled Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (D416945). An active metabolite from inhalation and dermal exposure to polycyclic aromatics hydrocarbons in hot mix asphalt paving workers. DBC is the most potent tumorigen that has been identified to date. Dibenzo[def,p]chrysene (DBC) is a carcinogen and should be handled with appropriate caution. References Anderson, L., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 199, 85 (2004), Yu, Z., et al.: Cancer Res., 66, 755 (2006), Shen, J., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 95, 313 (2007),