Silanes

Alkyl Silane - Conventional Surface Bonding Aliphatic, fluorinated aliphatic or substituted aromatic hydrocarbon substituents are the hydrophobic entities which enable silanes to induce surface hydrophobicity. The organic substitution of the silane must be non-polar. The hydrophobic effect of the organic substitution can be related to the free energy of transfer of hydrocarbon molecules from an aqueous phase to a homogeneous hydrocarbon phase. A successful hydrophobic coating must eliminate or mitigate hydrogen bonding and shield polar surfaces from interaction with water by creating a non-polar interphase. Although silane and silicone derived coatings are in general the most hydrophobic, they maintain a high degree of permeability to water vapor. This allows coatings to breathe and reduce deterioration at the coating interface associated with entrapped water. Since ions are not transported through non-polar silane and silicone coatings, they offer protection to composite structures ranging from pigmented coatings to rebar reinforced concrete. A selection guide for hydrophobic silanes can be found on pages 22-31 of the Hydrophobicity, Hydrophilicity and Silane Surface Modification brochure. n-Octyltrimethoxysilane; Trimethoxysilyloctane Viscosity: 1.0 cStVapor pressure, 75 °: 0.1 mmTreatment for particles used in non-aqueous liquid dispersionsTrialkoxy silane

Ester Functional Trialkoxy Silane Silane coupling agents have the ability to form a durable bond between organic and inorganic materials to generate desired heterogeneous environments or to incorporate the bulk properties of different phases into a uniform composite structure. The general formula has two classes of functionality. The hydrolyzable group forms stable condensation products with siliceous surfaces and other oxides such as those of aluminum, zirconium, tin, titanium, and nickel. The organofunctional group alters the wetting or adhesion characteristics of the substrate, utilizes the substrate to catalyze chemical transformations at the heterogeneous interface, orders the interfacial region, or modifies its partition characteristics, and significantly effects the covalent bond between organic and inorganic materials. Hydrophilic Silane - Polar - Hydrogen Bonding Aliphatic, fluorinated aliphatic or substituted aromatic hydrocarbon substituents are the hydrophobic entities which enable silanes to induce surface hydrophobicity. The organic substitution of the silane must be non-polar. The hydrophobic effect of the organic substitution can be related to the free energy of transfer of hydrocarbon molecules from an aqueous phase to a homogeneous hydrocarbon phase. A successful hydrophobic coating must eliminate or mitigate hydrogen bonding and shield polar surfaces from interaction with water by creating a non-polar interphase. Although silane and silicone derived coatings are in general the most hydrophobic, they maintain a high degree of permeability to water vapor. This allows coatings to breathe and reduce deterioration at the coating interface associated with entrapped water. Since ions are not transported through non-polar silane and silicone coatings, they offer protection to composite structures ranging from pigmented coatings to rebar reinforced concrete. A selection guide for hydrophobic silanes can be found on pages 22-31 of the Hydrophobicity, Hydrophilicity and Silane Surface Modification brochure. 2-[(Acetoxy(polyethyleneoxy)propyl]triethoxysilane; (Triethoxysilylpropylpolyethylene oxide)acetate Viscosity: 50 cStFunctional PEG Silane (500-700 g/mol)PEO, Ester, Triethoxysilane termination utilized for hydrophilic surface modificationDual functional PEGylation reagentHydrogen bonding hydrophilic silaneUsed in microparticle surface modification

Olefin Functional Polymeric Silane Silane coupling agents have the ability to form a durable bond between organic and inorganic materials to generate desired heterogeneous environments or to incorporate the bulk properties of different phases into a uniform composite structure. The general formula has two classes of functionality. The hydrolyzable group forms stable condensation products with siliceous surfaces and other oxides such as those of aluminum, zirconium, tin, titanium, and nickel. The organofunctional group alters the wetting or adhesion characteristics of the substrate, utilizes the substrate to catalyze chemical transformations at the heterogeneous interface, orders the interfacial region, or modifies its partition characteristics, and significantly effects the covalent bond between organic and inorganic materials. Vinyltriethoxysilane, oligomeric hydrolysate; Ethoxyvinyl oligomeric siloxane; Ethenyltriethoxysilane homopolymer Viscosity: 4-7 cStOligomeric hydrolysate of vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES), SIV9112.0

N-Phenylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane; N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]aniline; [3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]aniline Secondary amino functional trialkoxy silaneSpecific wetting surface: 307 m2/gCoupling agent for UV cure and epoxy systemsOxidatively stable coupling agent for polyimides, phenolics, epoxiesUsed in microparticle surface modification

Monoamino Functional Trialkoxy Silane Silane coupling agents have the ability to form a durable bond between organic and inorganic materials to generate desired heterogeneous environments or to incorporate the bulk properties of different phases into a uniform composite structure. The general formula has two classes of functionality. The hydrolyzable group forms stable condensation products with siliceous surfaces and other oxides such as those of aluminum, zirconium, tin, titanium, and nickel. The organofunctional group alters the wetting or adhesion characteristics of the substrate, utilizes the substrate to catalyze chemical transformations at the heterogeneous interface, orders the interfacial region, or modifies its partition characteristics, and significantly effects the covalent bond between organic and inorganic materials. Arylsilane Cross-Coupling Agent The cross-coupling reaction is a highly useful methodology for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds. It involves two reagents, with one typically being a suitable organometallic reagent - the nucleophile - and the other a suitable organic substrate, normally an unsaturated halide, tosylate or similar - the electrophile. p-Aminophenyltrimethoxysilane; 4-(Trimethoxysilyl)aniline; 4-(Trimethoxysilyl)benzenamine Primary amine coupling agent for silica-poly(phenyleneterephthalamide) composite filmsUsed with phenyltrimethoxysilane, SIP6822.0 , to increase the dispersibility of mesoporous silicaContains other isomersCoupler for silica-poly(phenyleneterephthalamide) composite filmsCouples without fluoride in aqueous mediumUsed in microparticle surface modificationDetermined by TGA a 25% weight loss of dried hydrolysates at 485 °CExtensive review of silicon based cross-coupling agents: Denmark, S. E. et al. "Organic Reactions, Volume 75" Denmark, S. E. ed., John Wiley and Sons, 233, 2011

Fluoroalkyl Silane - Conventional Surface Bonding Aliphatic, fluorinated aliphatic or substituted aromatic hydrocarbon substituents are the hydrophobic entities which enable silanes to induce surface hydrophobicity. The organic substitution of the silane must be non-polar. The hydrophobic effect of the organic substitution can be related to the free energy of transfer of hydrocarbon molecules from an aqueous phase to a homogeneous hydrocarbon phase. A successful hydrophobic coating must eliminate or mitigate hydrogen bonding and shield polar surfaces from interaction with water by creating a non-polar interphase. Although silane and silicone derived coatings are in general the most hydrophobic, they maintain a high degree of permeability to water vapor. This allows coatings to breathe and reduce deterioration at the coating interface associated with entrapped water. Since ions are not transported through non-polar silane and silicone coatings, they offer protection to composite structures ranging from pigmented coatings to rebar reinforced concrete. A selection guide for hydrophobic silanes can be found on pages 22-31 of the Hydrophobicity, Hydrophilicity and Silane Surface Modification brochure. Nonafluorohexyltriethoxysilane; (Perfluorobutyl)ethyltriethoxysilane Critical surface tension, treated surface: 23 mN/mOleophobic, hydrophobic surface treatmentTrialkoxy silane