Steroids

Stability Light Sensitive Applications D-(-)-Norgestrel 17-Acetate is an impurity of Norgestrel (N689500), progestational and ovulation inhibiting steroid. References Sonneveld, E., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 89, 173 (2006); Sopirak, A.M., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 4, 294 (1975), Dunson, T.R., et al.: Contraception, 48, 109 (1993),

This Thermo Scientific Chemicals brand product was originally part of the Acros Organics product portfolio. Some documentation and label information may refer to the legacy brand. The original Acros Organics product / item code or SKU reference has not changed as a part of the brand transition to Thermo Scientific Chemicals.

Applications Ulipristal acetate is a selective progesterone receptor modulator. Ulipristal acetate is used during pregnancy. References Gronemeijer, H., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem., 40, 271 (1991), Spitz, I., et al.: Contraception, 48, 403 (1993), Conneely, O., et al.: Steroids, 68, 771 (2003), Chwalisz, K., et al.: Endocr. Rev., 26, 423 (2005),

2'-Hydroxyformononetin is a naturally occurring isoflavone, which is predominantly found in certain plants such as red clover and soy. It is a type of phytoestrogen, which exhibits estrogen-like activity due to its ability to bind estrogen receptors. The mode of action involves modulating estrogen receptor pathways, which in turn can affect various physiological processes related to hormone balance and cell proliferation. In scientific research, 2'-Hydroxyformononetin is primarily studied for its potential health benefits, including its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. These properties make it a subject of interest in the investigation of diseases where oxidative stress and inflammation are key factors, such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and osteoporosis. Its potential therapeutic applications are being explored in fields like endocrinology and oncology, where modulation of estrogen activity and antioxidant support may provide clinical benefits. Research involving 2’-Hydroxyformononetin continues to expand, aiming to elucidate its pharmacodynamic properties and potential role in disease prevention and management.

5α-Cholestan-3-one (Coprostanone) is an intermediate product in cholesterol metabolism, which is elevated in the case of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis.

Impurity Levonorgestrel EP Impurity D Applications 13-Ethyl-18,19-dinor-17α-pregn-4-en-20-yn-17-ol (Levonorgestrel EP Impurity D) is an impurity of Levonorgestrel. References McGinty, D., et al.: Endocrinology, 24, 829 (1939), Belanger, A., et al.: Steroids, 37, 361 (1981), Nieman, L., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 61, 536 (1985), Klebe, G., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 37, 4130 (1994),

Adynerin is a steroid found in the herbs of Nerium oleander.

Bufalin a major digoxin-like immunoreactive component of the Chinese medicine Chan Su; has been shown to exert a potential for anticancer activity against various human cancer cell lines in vitro. Bufalin is a potent small-molecule inhibitor of the steroid receptor coactivators steroid receptor coactivator (SRC)-3 and SRC-1, it also as a potentially broad-spectrum small-molecule inhibitor for cancer. Bufalin can partly reverse the MDR of K562/VCR cells, with a possible mechanism of down-regulating MRP1 expression and activating apoptosis pathway by altering Bcl-xL/Bax ratio.

Impurity Fluticasone EP Impurity E Stability Hygroscopic Applications 1,2-Dihydro Fluticasone Propionate is an impurity of Fluticasone Propionate (F599500), a derivative of Flumethasone (F455000). An antiallergic; anti-asthmatic; anti-inflammatory. References Matuszewski, B, et al.: Anal. Chem., 75, 3019 (2003), Fekete, S., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 49, 64 (2009), Meltzer, E.O., et al.: J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 86, 221 (1990), Mitchison, H.C., et al.: Gut, 32, 260 (1991), Phillipps, G.H., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 37, 3717 (1994)

Applications Norethindrone intermediate. References Carlin, J., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 20, 148 (1982), Hoffmann, R., et al.: Clin. Exp. Dermatol., 27, 373 (2002), Tarter, T., et al.: Curr. Pharm. Des., 2, 775(2006),

Applications Tetrahydrodehydrocorticosterone inhibits aldosteronogenesis by intact cells at concentrations that inhibited angiotensin binding. References Campanile, C.P., Goodfriend, T.L.: Steroids, 37, 681(1981)

Applications Used in the preparation of Epostane (E588850).

Applications Testosterone Isocaproate, is one of the common anabolic steroid esters. It is a controlled substance in US due to their potential for abuse and misuse. It can be used for the treatment of constitutional delayed puberty (CDP), in combination of other testosterone esters. References Noggie, F. T., et al.: J. Chromatography. Sci., 28 (5), 263 (1990); Buyukgebiz, A., et al.: Hormone REs., 44 Suppl 3, 32 (1995);

Applications Controlled substance (anabolic steroid). Androgen. References Kintz, P., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 24, 1125 (2001), Gambelunghe, C., et al.: J. Appl. Toxicol., 25, 205 (2005), Shen, M., et al.: Steroids, 74, 773 (2009),

Fluorometholone (Fluoromethalone) is a corticosteroid, most often used after laser-based refractive surgery.

7-Dehydrostigmasterol is a phytosterol, which is a type of steroid alcohol derived from plant sources, particularly within the metabolic pathway of various sterols. This compound acts as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of other phytosterols, functioning within key enzymatic conversion processes that are part of the larger sterol metabolic network. Its mode of action is primarily involved in the modification and regulation of sterol composition within plant cells, enabling the synthesis of essential compounds that contribute to membrane fluidity and integrity. 7-Dehydrostigmasterol holds significance in metabolic engineering as its pathways can be targeted for the production of bioactive sterols. In terms of application, 7-Dehydrostigmasterol is studied within the context of plant biochemistry and has potential implications in biotechnology for the development of plant-based sterol derivatives. It further serves as a point of interest in the synthesis of cholesterol-lowering agents and nutraceuticals, given its structural similarities with other biologically active sterols. This provides a platform for research into novel compounds that can modulate lipid profiles in organisms.

Segesterone is a synthetic progestin, which is a chemically engineered hormone analogue. It is synthesized from steroid precursors, specifically designed to mimic the naturally occurring hormone progesterone. Segesterone acts primarily through binding to progesterone receptors, exerting its effects by modulating gene expression related to reproductive processes. This mechanism inhibits ovulation, alters cervical mucus to prevent sperm penetration, and modifies the endometrial lining to reduce the likelihood of implantation. The primary applications of Segesterone are in the field of contraception, where it is utilized in innovative delivery systems such as the vaginal contraceptive ring. These products provide an option for long-term birth control, offering improved user convenience with fewer administrations compared to daily oral contraceptives. Scientists and researchers in pharmacology and reproductive health continue to investigate Segesterone's potential, exploring its unique receptor binding characteristics for broader applications within hormonal regulation therapies. Its significance in contraceptive technology demonstrates the ongoing advancements in synthetic hormone development, paving the way for new treatment paradigms.

Applications A labelled Estradiol (E888000) derivative.

Gamabufotalin(CS-6), a bufadienolide compound from toad venom, suppresses COX-2 expression through targeting IKKβ/NF-κB signaling pathway in lung cancer cells, suggests that CS-6 exhibits potential use in the treatment of COX-2-mediated diseases such as lung cancer.

Applications Fusidic acid is a bacteriostatic antibiotic. Fusidic Acid suppresses nitric oxide lysis of pancreatic islet cells. Inhibits protein synthesis in prokaryotes by inhibiting the ribosome-dependent activity of G factor and translocation of peptidyl-tRNA. References Collignon, P., et al.: Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents, 12, S45 (1999), Di Marco, R., et al.: J. Autoimmun., 13, 187 (1999), Price, C.T., et al.: J. Antimicrob., Chemother., 44, 57 (1999),

Applications A labelled phytosterol content in plant food which showed hypocholesterolemic and hypotriglyceridemic effects in hypercholesterolemic overweight volunteers. Used in the treatment of metabolic disorders. References Kasamo, K., et al.: Plant Physiol., 93, 1049 (1990), Davey, M., et al.: J. Sci. Food Agric., 80, 825 (2000), Nomura, T., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 280, 17873 (2005), Matos, L., et al.: Food Chem., 102, 406 (2007),

Applications Oleanolic Acid-d3, is the labeled analogue of Oleanolic Acid (O521000), which is a triterpenoid known for its anti-inflammatory properties, is commonly present in several medicinal plants. It also inhibits secretory phospholipase A2. References Andrikopoulos, N., et al.: J. Med. Food, 5, 1 (2002), Lanteri, S., et al.: Food Chem., 76, 501 (2002), Rodriguez-Rodriguez, R., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 155, 535 (2008), Sotiroudis, T., et al.: Eur. J. Nutr, 47, 69 (2008),

Pseudoprotogracillin is a steroidal saponin extracted from Dioscoreae.

Applications 1,4-Androstadien-17alpha-methyl-17beta-ol-3-one-2,4,6alpha-d3 is a useful isotopically labeled compound of Methandrostenolone (M226000)

Applications An anabolic steroid. References Moon, J., et al.: Steroids, 73, 1090 (2008), Kiousi, P., et al.: Bioanal., 1, 1209 (2009), Fragkaki, A., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 115, 44 (2009),

Glycodeoxycholic Acid is a bile acid that induces severe pancreatitis in rats. It can induce the apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells.

Anemarsaponin B has anti-inflammatory effect in LPS-treated RAW 264.7macrophages, the effect is associated with the inhibition of NF-κB transcriptional activity

Natural alkaloid

Applications A metabolite of Fulvestrant (F862500). References Rao, P., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem., 25, 417 (1986), Wakeling, A., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 43, 173 (1992), DeFriend, D., et al.: Cancer Res., 54, 408 (1994),

Applications 4-Pregnen-11beta,17alpha-diol-3,20-dione-2,2,4,6,6,21,21,21-d8 is a useful isotopically labeled compound of 21-Deoxy Cortisol (D232605)

Cyclic alcohol