Cinnamic Acids

Carboxylic acid with additional oxygen functions

3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid is a bioactive phenolic compound that has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It is also known to reduce oxidative injury in the human serum. 3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid is found in chlorogenic acids, which are bioactive phenolic compounds found in plants. These phenolic compounds have been shown to be effective against autoimmune diseases and carcinoma cell lines. 3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid has also been shown to inhibit the growth of cancer cells by interfering with their ability to synthesize DNA and RNA. This compound binds to DNA gyrase, inhibiting its activity and preventing it from unwinding the double helix during replication. The crystal structures of 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid have been determined using x-ray crystallography and subcritical water extraction.

Cinnamic acid is a phenolic acid that is found in plants and has a general structure of CH2-C6H4-CO2H. It can be metabolized by the enzyme cinnamate 4-hydroxylase to caffeic acid. Cinnamic acid has been shown to have genotoxic activity through its ability to form DNA adducts, which can cause mutations in cells. This compound also has antioxidant properties and may be used as an anticancer agent due to its ability to inhibit proliferation of cancer cells and induce apoptosis. Cinnamic acid inhibits the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in rat primary astrocytes, which may lead to the development of inflammatory eye disorders such as uveitis or retinal detachment. The compound is also able to suppress the expression of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), which may make it useful for treatment of infectious diseases. Cinnamic acid also forms hydrogen bonds

Caffeic acid is naturally produced by the metabolism of plants and fungi. Caffeic acid has an antioxidant activity that can be higher than tocopherol in oil-in-water emulsions. Caffeic acid has proven antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. In mice, caffeic acid inhibits the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase thus inhibititing the biosynthesis of the inflammatory mediators leukotrienes.

Ketone phenol

3-Coumaric acid analytical standard provided with chromatographic purity, to be used as reference material for qualitative determination.

Carboxylic acid with additional oxygen functions

Demethoxycurcumin analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

Carboxylic acid with additional oxygen functions

Trans-4-coumaric acid or p-coumaric acid, is a derivative of the cinnamic acid. It is the initial substrate to produce several intermediates such as ferulic acid, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, gallic acid, and carnosic acid. Trans-4-coumaric acid, as well as its derivatives, have antioxidant properties; they are common ingredients in cosmetics and as dietary supplement.

Methyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate is a natural phenolic compound that is found in small quantities in many plants and foods. It is used to produce other compounds, such as vanillin, which are used as flavoring agents. Methyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate can be quantified using the enzymatic reaction of peroxidase with 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzene. The kinetics of this reaction have been studied by titration calorimetry. Aspergillus niger catalase has been shown to be sensitive to methyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate. Birch and oak wood lignocellulosic biomass can be converted into sugars through a hydrolysis process with methyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate. The carbohydrate content of birch and oak wood was reduced by approximately 60

Aromatic monobasic carboxylic acid

3,4-Dimethoxy-5-hydroxycinnamic acid is a monoterpenoid indole alkaloid that belongs to the class of biochemical compounds. It is a promiscuous compound and can be found in many plants, such as coffee beans, black pepper, cinnamon, and thyme. 3,4-Dimethoxy-5-hydroxycinnamic acid has been shown to have antimicrobial properties against bacteria and fungi. The metabolomics study showed that this compound may also have anti-inflammatory effects. 3,4-Dimethoxy-5-hydroxycinnamic acid was shown to enhance the transcription of ferulic acid in E. coli cells. This compound was also shown to decrease the levels of transcripts for genes involved in lipid metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis in human liver cells.

Carboxylic acid with additional oxygen functions

Methyl 4-hydroxycinnamate is a protocatechuic acid that can be produced by the reaction of hydrochloric acid and b16 mouse melanoma. This chemical has been shown to have an anti-inflammatory effect in rats with inflammatory bowel disease. Methyl 4-hydroxycinnamate is also a natural compound found in plants, such as celery, cinnamon, and apples. The mechanism of this chemical's action is unknown but it has been shown to inhibit the activity of rat liver microsomes. It is theorized that methyl 4-hydroxycinnamate may inhibit the production of proinflammatory substances by altering the membrane composition or activity of enzymes.br>br> br>br> Methyl 4-hydoxycinnamate may be synthesized from anhydrous sodium acetate and an acid complex in a model system using reaction solution. The product is then purified using column chromatography before being reacted with methylamine and sulfur

Carboxylic acid with phenol function

Natural glycoside