Cinnamic Acids

Oxygen-heterocyclic compound

Carboxylic acid with additional oxygen functions

3,5-Dihydroxycinnamic acid is a metabolite of the amino acid tyrosine and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of phenylalanine. It has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties that may be due to its ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. 3,5-Dihydroxycinnamic acid has also been identified as a carcinogen and is associated with an increased risk of cancer in women. 3,5-Dihydroxycinnamic acid is found in urine samples at concentrations between 2 and 10 µmol/L.

Carboxylic acid with additional oxygen functions

Potassium cinnamate is a white crystalline solid that is soluble in water, ethanol and acetone. It has been shown to be effective for wastewater treatment and can be used as a reducing agent. Potassium cinnamate has been shown to have high values of hydroxide solution, which are often used in the manufacturing of polymers. Potassium cinnamate also exhibits enzyme activities, such as being able to catalyze the oxidation of propionate. This product has been shown to have anti-oxidant properties and can be used for radiation protection. The polymerization of potassium cinnamate leads to polymaleic acid, which is used in the production of plastics.

2,5-Dihydroxycinnamic acid is an intermediate in the metabolism of 4-hydroxycinnamic acid and is a precursor for the formation of methylthioadenosine. It has been shown to stimulate the growth of human epidermal cells and increase colony-stimulating factor production. 2,5-Dihydroxycinnamic acid also has been found to have cytotoxic effects on HL-60 cells, as well as inhibitory effects on human serum. The detection sensitivity for this compound is 0.1 mg/L, which can be achieved using liquid chromatography with UV detection. 2,5-Dihydroxycinnamic acid can be prepared by hydrolysis of dimethylthiourea with alkaline or acidic conditions at room temperature or 37 degrees Celsius. This compound has pharmacokinetic properties that are similar to those of 4-hydroxycinnamic acid and is believed to act similarly by inhibiting protein

Carboxylic acid with additional oxygen functions

Carboxylic acid with additional oxygen functions

Carboxylic acid with additional oxygen functions

Aldehyde ether

a-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid is a cyclic peptide that has been shown to have cytotoxic and antimicrobial properties. It has been shown to be effective in reducing the viability of cells in vitro by interfering with DNA synthesis and cell signaling pathways, as well as causing oxidative stress. This compound also induces apoptosis in squamous carcinoma cells and hypoxic tumor cells; this effect may be due to its ability to induce the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria. a-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid has been shown to produce antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus, but not against Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli or Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Natural glycoside

Natural glycoside

4-Hydroxy-3-nitrocinnamic acid is a monophenolic compound that contains a reactive residue. It has been shown to have antibacterial and biological properties, which may be due to its ability to inhibit the growth of bacteria. 4-Hydroxy-3-nitrocinnamic acid has also been shown to be an antibiotic, although it is not categorized as one. 4-Hydroxycinnamic acid is a metabolite of this compound, which can be formed in the liver through oxidation by cytochrome P450 enzymes.

Sinapyl alcohol analytical standard provided with chromatographic purity, to be used as reference material for qualitative determination.

3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamic acid (TMC) is a hydroxycinnamic acid that is an intermediate in the synthesis of protocatechuic acid. TMC has been found to have an inhibitory effect on the matrix metalloproteinase activity in the cerebellar granule cells and may be useful for treating allergic reactions. It also has anti-inflammatory properties and can be used as a replacement for sodium carbonate in certain industrial processes. TMC also has been shown to have GABA-ergic effects, increasing locomotor activity and reducing anxiety. TMC can also be used as a Chinese herb for the treatment of ganoderma lucidum.

Carboxylic acid with phenol function