Cinnamic Acids

a-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid is a cyclic peptide that has been shown to have cytotoxic and antimicrobial properties. It has been shown to be effective in reducing the viability of cells in vitro by interfering with DNA synthesis and cell signaling pathways, as well as causing oxidative stress. This compound also induces apoptosis in squamous carcinoma cells and hypoxic tumor cells; this effect may be due to its ability to induce the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria. a-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid has been shown to produce antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus, but not against Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli or Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Natural glycoside

Natural glycoside

4-Hydroxy-3-nitrocinnamic acid is a monophenolic compound that contains a reactive residue. It has been shown to have antibacterial and biological properties, which may be due to its ability to inhibit the growth of bacteria. 4-Hydroxy-3-nitrocinnamic acid has also been shown to be an antibiotic, although it is not categorized as one. 4-Hydroxycinnamic acid is a metabolite of this compound, which can be formed in the liver through oxidation by cytochrome P450 enzymes.

Sinapyl alcohol analytical standard provided with chromatographic purity, to be used as reference material for qualitative determination.

3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamic acid (TMC) is a hydroxycinnamic acid that is an intermediate in the synthesis of protocatechuic acid. TMC has been found to have an inhibitory effect on the matrix metalloproteinase activity in the cerebellar granule cells and may be useful for treating allergic reactions. It also has anti-inflammatory properties and can be used as a replacement for sodium carbonate in certain industrial processes. TMC also has been shown to have GABA-ergic effects, increasing locomotor activity and reducing anxiety. TMC can also be used as a Chinese herb for the treatment of ganoderma lucidum.

Carboxylic acid with phenol function

Trans-2,4-difluorocinnamic acid is a cinnamic acid derivative that has been synthesised from 3-chlorocinnamic acid by means of a cross-coupling reaction with the use of palladium acetate as catalyst. The compound has been evaluated for its inhibitory activity against several different enzymes in vitro, including carboxylesterases, aminopeptidases and esterases. Trans-2,4-difluorocinnamic acid can be used as a probe for these enzymes and is being developed as an analytical tool for further studies.

Ketone phenol