Lignans

Schisandrol B fights neuroinflammation, liver/renal damage, and reduces cell growth via multiple signaling pathways.

Ether phenol

meso-Dihydroguaiaretic acid analytical standard provided with chromatographic purity, to be used as reference material for qualitative determination.

(-)-Pinoresinol is isolated from the whole plant of Serissa japonica (Thunb.) Thunb.

Epi-podophyllotoxin is a lignan that is primarily derived from the rhizomes and roots of the plant species Podophyllum, commonly known as mayapple. This compound exhibits significant pharmacological activity, primarily due to its ability to disrupt the mitotic process. As an antimitotic agent, epi-podophyllotoxin exerts its effects by inhibiting microtubule assembly, which is crucial for cell division. This action leads to the arrest of the cell cycle in the metaphase, ultimately causing apoptosis in rapidly dividing cancer cells. The uses and applications of epi-podophyllotoxin are notable in the field of oncology, where it serves as a precursor for the synthesis of semisynthetic derivatives like etoposide and teniposide. These derivatives are widely employed in chemotherapy regimens for treating various types of cancer including lung cancer, lymphomas, and testicular cancer. The selectivity and potency of epi-podophyllotoxin and its derivatives make it a valuable tool in the development of cancer therapeutics, contributing to the advancement of targeted cancer treatments.

Polyphenol

Kadsurin has anti-oxidant activity, it induces enzymes capable of scavenging oxygen radical species in the liver.

Styraxlignolide F is a bioactive compound, which is a sesquiterpene lactone derived from plants of the Styrax genus. These compounds are naturally occurring metabolites known for their structural complexity and diverse biological activities. Styraxlignolide F, in particular, has shown promising potential in the realm of pharmacology. The mode of action of styraxlignolide F involves modulation of specific cellular pathways, particularly those related to inflammation and cell proliferation. Its ability to influence these biological processes makes it a candidate for therapeutic use, especially in conditions where regulation of the immune response or control of abnormal cell growth is required. Its uses and applications are primarily in the field of medicinal chemistry and drug development. Research into styraxlignolide F can lead to the creation of novel drugs for treating various diseases, including cancer and inflammatory disorders. Continued investigation into its mechanisms and effects will provide valuable insights into designing more effective and targeted pharmaceutical interventions.

1.(-)-Licarin B (Licarine B) has anti-mycobacterial activity.

Oxygen-heterocyclic compound

Natural glycoside

Polyphenol

Veraguensin is derived from Magnolia sp.. Veraguensin inhibits bone resorption and shows high antileishmanial activity.

Ether alcohol phenol

Oxygen-heterocyclic compound

(-)-Syringaresinol is a naturally occurring lignan, which is a type of polyphenolic compound. It is predominantly sourced from plant materials, including certain seeds, roots, and bark of various plants such as those in the Oleaceae family. The compound acts primarily as an antioxidant, scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress in biological systems. The uses and applications of (-)-Syringaresinol are extensive in the field of scientific research due to its potential therapeutic benefits. It is studied for its anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and neuroprotective properties. Researchers utilize (-)-Syringaresinol to explore its mechanisms in modulating immune responses and its potential role in preventing degenerative diseases. Given its diverse biological activities, it serves as a valuable compound in pharmacological studies and for developing botanical supplements.

Magnolin is a bioactive compound, which is a lignan isolated from the plant Magnolia officinalis. It functions as a natural product with various modes of action, primarily interacting with multiple signaling pathways in biological systems. Magnolin primarily inhibits the phosphorylation of key proteins involved in processes such as inflammation and cancer cell proliferation. The current research into Magnolin has highlighted its potential applications in the biomedical field, particularly in the development of anti-inflammatory and anticancer therapies. By regulating critical pathways, Magnolin can reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and interfere with the growth cycle of tumor cells. Additionally, its antioxidant properties are of interest in neuroprotective research, suggesting potential benefits in treating neurodegenerative diseases. Such applications make Magnolin a significant focus of study for its therapeutic potential. Scientists are actively investigating its role and efficacy, aiming to better understand its medicinal properties and uncover its full range of biological activities.

Asatone from Radix et Rhizoma Asari has anti-inflammatory properties, acting on NF-κB and suppressing p-MAPK pathways (ERK, JNK, p38).

Schisandrin (Wuweizi alcohol-A) is a compound with anti-asthmatic, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory effects.

(+)-Pinoresinol analytical standard provided with chromatographic purity, to be used as reference material for qualitative determination.

4'-Demethylepipodophyllotoxin is a semisynthetic lignan, derived from the toxin podophyllotoxin, which is extracted from the roots and rhizomes of Podophyllum species, such as Podophyllum peltatum. The compound acts primarily as a topoisomerase II inhibitor. By binding to and stabilizing the enzyme-DNA complex, it prevents the re-ligation of DNA strands, which ultimately leads to breaks in the DNA and triggers apoptosis in rapidly dividing cancer cells. This lignan has significant applications in oncology, primarily used as a precursor in the synthesis of chemotherapeutic agents like etoposide and teniposide. These derivatives exhibit enhanced solubility and bioavailability compared to the parent compound, making them more suitable for clinical use. They are particularly effective in the treatment of various cancers, including small cell lung cancer, testicular cancer, and lymphomas. Extensive research is ongoing to explore its potential in novel therapeutic regimens and its effectiveness in combination with other anticancer agents, aiming to improve patient outcomes through synergistic effects and reduced resistance.

(+)-Balanophonin is an isolate from Passiflora edulis with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-neurodegenerative activities and inhibits cholinesterase.

Applications A labelled lignan (phenylpropanoid) with significant estrogenic activity. References Fokialakis, N. et al.: Planta Medica, 69, 566 (2003); Lei, B. et al.: Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 193, 81 (2002);

(+)-Pinoresinol is a chiral lignan compound, which is primarily found in various plant sources such as flaxseed, sesame seeds, and olive oil. It plays a significant role in the plant's defense mechanisms by contributing to the formation of the plant cell wall and acting as an antioxidant. The mode of action of (+)-Pinoresinol involves its interaction at the molecular level, particularly by exhibiting antioxidant properties and modulating specific signaling pathways in cells. It can scavenge free radicals, thereby reducing oxidative stress, which is crucial for maintaining cellular integrity. In terms of applications, (+)-Pinoresinol is extensively studied for its potential health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and cardioprotective effects. It is utilized in biological and pharmacological research to investigate its effects on various cell types and disease models. Understanding its molecular interactions and physiological effects helps in the development of potential therapeutic interventions and nutraceuticals aimed at improving health outcomes.

(-)-Secoisolariciresinol is a plant-derived lignan, which is a type of polyphenolic compound. It is predominantly sourced from flaxseeds, although it can also be found in other seeds, grains, and vegetables. The mode of action of (-)-Secoisolariciresinol involves its bioconversion into enterolignans, such as enterodiol and enterolactone, by the gut microbiota. These metabolites exhibit antioxidant properties and have weak estrogenic activities due to their structural similarity to endogenous estrogens. The uses and applications of (-)-Secoisolariciresinol are primarily in the field of biomedical research, where it is investigated for its potential health benefits, including its roles in reducing the risk of hormone-related cancers and cardiovascular diseases. It is also studied for its antioxidant capacity, which may contribute to the mitigation of oxidative stress-related conditions. Additionally, its possible influence on hormonal balance is a subject of interest for understanding its implications in endocrine function and metabolic processes.

(S,S)-Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside ((S,S)-SDG) is present in flaxseed with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-microbial and neuroprotective properties.

Dimethyl epipodophyllotoxin is a semisynthetic anticancer agent, which is a derivative of the naturally occurring compound podophyllotoxin, isolated from the rhizomes of Podophyllum species, typically sourced from North American and Himalayan caustic plants. This compound functions primarily as a topoisomerase II inhibitor, disrupting DNA replication and transcription by stabilizing the DNA-enzyme complex and preventing the re-ligation of DNA strands. The primary application of dimethyl epipodophyllotoxin is in oncology, where it is utilized for its cytotoxic properties. It is most commonly employed as a chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of various cancers, such as small-cell lung cancer, testicular cancer, lymphomas, and leukemias. Its efficacy is attributed to its ability to induce DNA strand breaks and apoptosis in rapidly dividing tumor cells, thereby arresting their proliferation. Despite its potent antineoplastic effects, the clinical use of dimethyl epipodophyllotoxin necessitates careful management due to potential side effects and the need for precise dosing to minimize toxicity while maximizing therapeutic outcomes.

Hypophyllanthin analytical standard provided with chromatographic purity, to be used as reference material for qualitative determination.

Natural glycoside

(+)-Sylvatesmin is a type of arylnaphthalene lignan, which is a naturally occurring organic compound. It is derived from certain coniferous trees and is typically found as a secondary metabolite within these plants. These lignans are known for their complex polyphenolic structures, which are biosynthesized from phenylpropanoid precursors. The mode of action of (+)-Sylvatesmin involves interaction with cellular pathways that contribute to its potential anticancer properties. It is believed to exert its effects through modulation of signaling pathways and inhibition of specific enzymes involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis. By interfering with these biological processes, it shows promise as a candidate for further studies in anticancer research. The primary applications of (+)-Sylvatesmin lie in its potential therapeutic uses. While it is primarily investigated for its anticancer properties, ongoing research is exploring its efficacy and mechanism of action in more detail to consider its incorporation into pharmacological arsenals against malignancies. Studies continue to unravel its pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and potential cytotoxicity, aiming to establish a comprehensive understanding of its therapeutic potential.

Lactone

Eudesmin shows antiinflammatory, neuritogenic, anticonvulsant and sedative effects, the mechanism of eudesmin may be related to up-regulation of GABAA and GAD65

Tigloylgomisin P (Tiglogomisin P) is a lignan derived from Schisandra fruit, exhibiting anti-HIV and anticancer activities and is used in lung cancer research.

(-)-Asarinin (Eleutheroside B4) shows antibacterial activity.

(-)-Podophyllotoxin analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

Applications A lignan (phenylpropanoid) with significant estrogenic activity. References Fokialakis, N. et al.: Planta Medica, 69, 566 (2003); Lei, B. et al.: Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 193, 81 (2002);

Oxygen-heterocyclic compound

1. Phillyrin, (+)-Phillygenin (Sylvatesmin), and (-)-phillygenin exert the strongest inhibitory activities on NO production with IC(5) values.

Acanthoside B is a lignan with anti-inflammatory and anti-amnesic effects.

Oxygen-heterocyclic compound

Phyllanthin analytical standard provided with chromatographic purity, to be used as reference material for qualitative determination.

Sauchinone: Treats infections, prevents liver fibrosis, reduces oxidative stress, and protects skin and vascular cells.

Dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol is the methanolic extract of Liriodendron tulipifera[1].

Natural glycoside

(+)-Pinoresinol-β-D-glucoside, also known as (+)-pinor, is a major active lignan furanoid found in Forsythia.

Eleutheroside E reduces inflammation, arthritis symptoms, and affects drug metabolism via CYP2C9 and CYP2E1.

Sesamolin and sesamin guard nerves, reduce microglia damage by blocking p38 MAPK and caspase-3, and curb nitric oxide in stimulated cells.