Flavonoids

8,3'-Dihydroxydaidzein is a naturally occurring isoflavonoid compound, which is a type of phytoestrogen predominantly found in soy and other leguminous plants. This compound is biosynthesized through the pathways involving the hydroxylation of daidzein, a well-known isoflavone. As a phytoestrogen, 8,3'-Dihydroxydaidzein mimics estrogenic activity by binding to estrogen receptors, thereby influencing various physiological processes in organisms. In research settings, 8,3'-Dihydroxydaidzein is studied for its antioxidant properties, where it plays a role in neutralizing free radicals, thus potentially reducing oxidative stress and damage at the cellular level. Its estrogenic activity allows it to modulate several biological pathways, offering potential therapeutic benefits in hormone-related conditions. The applications of 8,3'-Dihydroxydaidzein are explored in areas such as cancer research, particularly in understanding its effects on hormone-dependent cancers. Additionally, its antioxidative capabilities open avenues for studying its role in mitigating oxidative stress-related diseases. Being a naturally derived compound, it serves as a model for investigating plant-based interventions in various health-related scenarios.

Podocarpusflavone A is a DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor. It has moderated anti-proliferative activity induce cell apoptosis in MCF-7.

Naringenin-7-glucoside is a flavonoid glycoside, which is primarily sourced from citrus fruits and certain herbs. This compound is a glucoside derivative of naringenin, a type of flavanone commonly found in a variety of plant species. With its distinct chemical structure, Naringenin-7-glucoside exerts its effects primarily through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. The compound works by scavenging free radicals and modulating cell signaling pathways, thereby reducing oxidative stress and inflammation at the cellular level. Naringenin-7-glucoside has diverse applications in scientific research and potential therapeutic settings. It is studied for its potential role in reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, and certain forms of cancer. Researchers are also exploring its effects on metabolic pathways and its potential neuroprotective properties. Due to its involvement in intricate biochemical pathways, Naringenin-7-glucoside continues to be a subject of interest in pharmacological and nutraceutical studies.

Baicalein-5,6,7-trimethylether analytical standard provided with chromatographic purity, to be used as reference material for qualitative determination.

Isorhamnetin-3-O-b-D-glucoside is a flavonoid glycoside, which is typically extracted from various plant sources, notably from fruits and medicinal herbs like sea buckthorn and Ginkgo biloba. This compound is recognized for its role in modulating oxidative stress due to its antioxidant capabilities. The glycoside linkage enhances the solubility and bioavailability compared to the aglycone, isorhamnetin. The mode of action of isorhamnetin-3-O-b-D-glucoside involves scavenging free radicals and chelating metal ions, thereby mitigating oxidative damage in biological systems. This molecular activity is crucial for protecting cells against oxidative stress-induced damage, which is implicated in various diseases and aging processes. In terms of applications, isorhamnetin-3-O-b-D-glucoside is chiefly explored in the context of pharmaceutical and nutraceutical research, with studies focusing on its potential protective effects against cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory disorders, and certain types of cancer. Additionally, its role in modulating signaling pathways makes it a subject of interest in cell biology and therapeutic development studies.

Procyanidin B2 (PB2) is a naturally occurring flavonoid widely found in cocoa, red wine and grape juice, PB2 could protect against oxidative stress- and chemical-induced injury in colonic cells by modulating the endogenous cellular defence, PB2 protects against oxidative injury in colonic cells and up-regulate the expression of GSTP1 via a mechanism that involves ERK and p38 MAPK activation and Nrf2 translocation.

Tricetin analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

Oxygen-heterocyclic compound

Flavanomarein is a flavonoid compound, which is derived from the tea plant, Camellia sinensis. This compound is part of the broader family of polyphenolic flavonoids, which are secondary metabolites commonly found in various plants. Flavanomarein exerts its effects primarily through its antioxidant properties. The flavonoid can scavenge free radicals and inhibit oxidative stress, which are critical functions in preventing cellular damage and maintaining homeostasis. Additionally, flavanomarein may modulate various signaling pathways that are involved in inflammation and apoptosis, offering potential therapeutic benefits. Flavanomarein has captured scientific interest due to its possible applications in health and disease management. Its antioxidant capability has been explored in the context of chronic disease prevention, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Researchers are investigating its efficacy and molecular interactions in various preclinical models to elucidate its therapeutic potential. Understanding the exact mechanisms and benefits of flavanomarein could open up new avenues in nutraceutical development and integrative medicine.

Ternatin B is a naturally derived compound, which is a cyclic peptide sourced from plant-based materials. It functions predominantly by inhibiting the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), a critical pathway involved in the regulation of cell growth and autophagy. This mode of action positions Ternatin B as a potent inhibitor of autophagy, the cellular process responsible for the degradation and recycling of cellular components. In scientific research, Ternatin B is utilized to study cellular processes, particularly to explore the therapeutic potential of autophagy modulation in various diseases. It has shown promise in oncology research, where its ability to alter mTORC1 activity is leveraged to assess its impact on cancer cell growth and survival. Moreover, Ternatin B serves as a valuable tool in studies aiming to understand metabolic regulation and stress responses in cells. With its specific inhibition of autophagy, Ternatin B provides insights into the development of novel therapeutic strategies for diseases characterized by dysregulated autophagy, such as neurodegenerative disorders and certain metabolic conditions.

This Thermo Scientific Chemicals brand product was originally part of the Alfa Aesar product portfolio. Some documentation and label information may refer to the legacy brand. The original Alfa Aesar product / item code or SKU reference has not changed as a part of the brand transition to Thermo Scientific Chemicals.

3,7,4-Trihydroxy-5-methoxy-8-prenylflavanone, (2R,3S), is a prenylated flavanone, which is a type of polyphenolic compound. This compound is typically derived from various plant sources, particularly those that produce flavonoids as secondary metabolites. Its structure is characterized by the presence of hydroxyl and methoxy groups, as well as a prenylated side chain, which contribute to its physicochemical properties. The mode of action of 3,7,4-Trihydroxy-5-methoxy-8-prenylflavanone involves its interaction with biological targets through antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, or receptor modulation activities. This allows it to exert potential anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, or anticancer effects, though the exact mechanisms may vary depending on the biological system under investigation. Its uses and applications are primarily in the field of medicinal chemistry and pharmacology, where it is studied for its potential therapeutic effects. Researchers may explore its efficacy in disease models or its role as a lead compound for drug development. The prenylated nature of this flavanone enhances its solubility and bioavailability, making it a subject of interest in the design of novel therapeutic agents.

Stability Hygroscopic Applications Diosmetin 3’,7-Diglucuronide is a metabolite of Diosmetin (D485000) which is a flavonoid often administered in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency, hemorrhoids, and related affections. References Silverstro, L., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 405, 8295 (2013); Boutin, J., et al.; Drug Metab. Dispos., 21, 1157 (1993)

Leucoside is a biochemical compound, which is derived from activated human leucocytes. This product is obtained through a meticulous extraction process that isolates specific bioactive molecules. Its mode of action involves the modulation of immune responses, potentially by influencing cytokine signaling pathways. Leucoside interacts with immune cells, potentially enhancing or dampening specific activities to achieve desired immunomodulatory effects. Applications of Leucoside are primarily within the field of immunological research. It is employed in studies investigating immune modulation, with additional uses in experimental therapeutics where modulation of immune response is crucial. Its potential to impact inflammation and immune regulation makes it a valuable tool for researchers focused on autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammatory conditions, and even in exploring novel cancer therapies. By serving as a model for understanding immune mechanisms, Leucoside contributes to the advancement of immunological science and therapeutic development.

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Herbacetin-8-glucoside-3-sophoroside is a flavonoid glycoside derivative, which is a bioactive compound commonly found in plant sources, particularly within the flavonoid subclass. This compound is notable for its multifunctional biological activities and potential health benefits. It is primarily sourced from plant materials, where it can be extracted and isolated for further study and application. The mode of action of Herbacetin-8-glucoside-3-sophoroside is primarily attributed to its antioxidant properties. It acts by scavenging free radicals and mitigating oxidative stress within biological systems. This mechanism contributes to its protective effects against cellular damage and its role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Herbacetin-8-glucoside-3-sophoroside is predominantly studied for its potential applications in pharmacology and nutraceuticals. It is explored for its efficacy in reducing inflammation, providing neuroprotection, and supporting cardiovascular health. Additionally, its antioxidant activity makes it a candidate for incorporation into formulations aimed at improving skin health and combating the effects of aging. Scientists continue to investigate its broader implications and therapeutic potentials across various fields.

7-Hydroxyflavone is a naturally occurring flavone, which is a type of polyphenolic compound found in various plants. It is commonly derived from plant sources such as fruits and vegetables, where it contributes to a range of biological activities. The structure of 7-Hydroxyflavone includes a hydroxyl group, which plays a significant role in its antioxidant capabilities. The mode of action of 7-Hydroxyflavone primarily involves modulation of enzymatic pathways that influence oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell signaling. It is known to interact with a variety of biological targets, potentially influencing neurotransmitter levels and receptor activities. Its ability to scavenge free radicals and inhibit oxidative processes underpins many of its proposed health benefits. In terms of applications, 7-Hydroxyflavone is studied for its potential use in pharmacological interventions aimed at mitigating neurological disorders, due to its neuroprotective effects. It is being researched for its roles in modulating pathways related to cancer prevention and cardiovascular health. Due to these properties, this compound is of significant interest in scientific studies exploring novel therapeutic agents for diverse medical conditions.

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Natural glycoside

Flavanone analytical standard provided with chromatographic purity, to be used as reference material for qualitative determination.

5,7,3'-Trihydroxyflavone is a flavonoid compound, which is a type of polyphenolic molecule found in plants. This compound is derived from various plant sources such as fruits, vegetables, and certain herbs, where it naturally occurs as part of the plant's secondary metabolites. It exhibits several biochemical actions, predominantly due to its antioxidant properties. This involves scavenging free radicals and chelating metal ions, which contribute to oxidative stress reduction. Additionally, it may influence various signaling pathways related to cell survival and inflammation. The compound has garnered attention for its potential applications in pharmacology and medicine, particularly for its role in mitigating oxidative stress-related disorders. Research has explored its use in preventing or treating conditions like neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disorders, and certain cancers. Scientists are also investigating its potential as an adjunct in therapeutic strategies due to its modulatory effects on cellular mechanisms. While promising, more studies are needed to fully understand its bioavailability, efficacy, and safety profile in clinical settings.

5,6,7,2'-Tetramethoxyflavone is a naturally occurring flavonoid, which is a type of polyphenolic compound. It is predominantly sourced from various plant species known for their medicinal properties. Flavonoids are typically derived from the intricate biochemical pathways in plants, where they contribute to the plant's defense mechanisms against environmental stressors. The mode of action of 5,6,7,2'-Tetramethoxyflavone involves modulation of various cellular pathways. It exhibits potential antioxidant activity by scavenging free radicals, thereby reducing oxidative stress in cells. Additionally, it can influence signaling pathways that are crucial for cell proliferation and apoptosis, which underscores its potential therapeutic applications. The applications of 5,6,7,2'-Tetramethoxyflavone are diverse and primarily centered around its pharmacological properties. Research indicates its potential role in managing inflammatory conditions, with studies highlighting its ability to modulate inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, investigations into its anticancer activity are ongoing, with promising data on its capacity to inhibit the growth of certain cancer cell lines. Its widespread implications in medicinal chemistry make it a compound of interest for further scientific exploration, especially in the development of new therapeutic agents.

Piscerythrone is a specialized chemical compound derived from certain marine organisms, which is primarily sourced from vibrant crustaceans. It acts through biochemical interactions that modulate pigmentation processes at the cellular level. The compound's mode of action involves binding to specific receptors involved in the enzymatic pathways of pigment production, influencing the synthesis and deposition of pigments such as astaxanthin. Piscerythrone is employed extensively in biological research, particularly in studies related to pigmentation, metabolic pathways, and marine biology. Its unique properties make it a valuable tool for investigating the regulatory mechanisms of coloration in aquatic species. Additionally, its interactions with cellular processes offer insights into broader fields of study such as evolutionary biology and biochemistry. The compound's precise influence allows scientists to explore genetic and developmental aspects of pigmentation, contributing to a deeper understanding of adaptive mechanisms in the marine environment.

Natural glycoside

Syringetin-3-O-glucoside analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

Luteone is a natural compound, which is a plant-derived flavonoid isolated from various botanical sources. It exhibits a range of biological activities primarily due to its ability to modulate key cellular mechanisms. Luteone functions through its interaction with multiple molecular targets, demonstrating antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties by influencing signaling pathways and gene expression related to cellular stress responses and apoptosis. In scientific research, Luteone is utilized for its potential therapeutic applications, especially in the domains of oncology and inflammatory diseases. The compound is of particular interest due to its capacity to selectively target cancer cells, making it a prominent subject in studies exploring novel cancer treatment strategies. Additionally, its anti-inflammatory properties lend it to research focused on managing chronic inflammatory conditions and oxidative stress-related disorders. Researchers continue to explore its efficacy, bioavailability, and mechanisms of action, seeking to fully elucidate its potential therapeutic benefits.

2',7,8-Trihydroxyflavone is a flavonoid compound, which is naturally sourced from various plant species. It functions by acting as an agonist for the tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), a receptor for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). This interaction modulates neurotrophic signaling pathways, promoting neuronal survival, differentiation, and synaptic plasticity. The compound's primary application lies in neuroscience research, where it is utilized to study neuroprotection and neurogenesis. By mimicking BDNF's activity, 2',7,8-Trihydroxyflavone offers insights into therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Additionally, its potential in enhancing cognitive functions and mood disorders is of significant interest, facilitating studies on depression and anxiety. Researchers explore its efficacy and mechanisms to develop novel interventions targeting the central nervous system.

6,3'-Dimethoxyflavanone is a naturally occurring flavanone, which is a type of polyphenolic compound predominantly found in certain plant species. Its source lies primarily in citrus fruits, where it exists as a secondary metabolite. These compounds are often studied for their diverse biological activities due to their presence in traditional medicinal systems. The mode of action for 6,3'-Dimethoxyflavanone primarily involves modulation of various biochemical pathways, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways. By interacting with cellular receptors and enzymes, it can influence cellular signaling, potentially leading to beneficial therapeutic effects. The compound's uses and applications are of significant interest in the scientific community. Current research suggests potential roles in therapeutic areas such as cancer chemoprevention, neuroprotection, and cardiovascular health. The antioxidant properties contribute to its exploration as a natural alternative for managing oxidative stress-related disorders. Additionally, its role as an anti-inflammatory agent might furnish insights into chronic inflammatory diseases, suggesting a wide range of possible health benefits. Further studies are needed to fully elucidate its mechanisms and validate its efficacy in clinical settings.

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5,7-Dihydroxyisoflavone is a naturally occurring isoflavone, which is a type of flavonoid compound commonly found in various plants. It is primarily derived from sources such as soybeans and other legumes, which are known to contain a wide array of phytonutrients. The mode of action of 5,7-Dihydroxyisoflavone involves its ability to act as an antioxidant, scavenging free radicals and thereby reducing oxidative stress within biological systems. This function is crucial in preserving cellular health and preventing damage that can lead to chronic diseases. The uses and applications of 5,7-Dihydroxyisoflavone are diverse, particularly in the fields of biochemistry and pharmacology. It has been studied for its potential roles in modulating signaling pathways involved in cellular proliferation and apoptosis. Additionally, its presence in dietary sources has contributed to research on its effects on hormone-related conditions, such as menopausal symptoms, due to its ability to engage with estrogen receptors. The compound is also being explored for its potential in protective cardiovascular functions and other health-related benefits, making it a subject of interest in the development of nutraceuticals and functional foods.

7-Hydroxy-5-methoxyflavanone is a naturally occurring flavanone compound, which is derived from various plant sources. These sources often include fruits, vegetables, and certain medicinal herbs, known for their rich flavonoid content. The mode of action of 7-Hydroxy-5-methoxyflavanone primarily involves its role as an antioxidant. It helps in scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress, which is a common pathway in cellular protection against damage. In terms of uses and applications, 7-Hydroxy-5-methoxyflavanone is of particular interest in the scientific community for its potential therapeutic properties. Researchers investigate its role in various biological activities including anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective effects. It is also studied for its potential application in pharmaceutical formulations aimed at improving health outcomes related to oxidative stress. The compound is a subject of interest in the development of supplements and nutraceuticals, exploring its efficacy as a bioactive ingredient that can contribute to health maintenance and disease prevention.

7,4'-Dimethoxyflavone is a naturally occurring flavonoid derivative, which is found predominantly in certain plants, particularly within the citrus family. This compound is characterized by the presence of two methoxy groups attached to its flavone backbone. It functions by interacting with various biological pathways, including those involved in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses. Its molecular structure allows it to modulate enzyme activities and receptor interactions, although the exact mechanisms are still under study. The primary applications of 7,4'-Dimethoxyflavone are observed in the fields of pharmacology and nutraceuticals, where it is explored for its potential therapeutic effects. Research indicates its utility in targeting oxidative stress-related disorders and as a candidate for anti-cancer research due to its ability to interfere with cell signaling pathways. Additionally, its anti-inflammatory properties are being investigated for treating chronic inflammatory conditions. Further studies are essential to fully elucidate its benefits and mechanisms of action, potentially paving the way for the development of new therapeutic agents. This compound continues to be a subject of interest due to its promising bioactivity and the potential for diverse pharmacological applications.

4'-Hydroxyflavanone analytical standard provided with chromatographic purity, to be used as reference material for qualitative determination.

Garciniflavanone is a naturally occurring flavonoid compound, which is primarily derived from plants in the Garcinia genus. It acts as an antioxidant through the scavenging of free radicals, thereby mitigating oxidative stress within cellular environments. Additionally, garciniflavanone influences various cellular signaling pathways, contributing to its anti-inflammatory and potential anticancer effects. Research studies demonstrate garciniflavanone’s promising applications in the pharmaceutical field, particularly in the development of treatments for chronic inflammation and cancer. By modulating key molecular processes, it shows potential in reducing tumor proliferation and enhancing the efficacy of traditional cancer treatments. Furthermore, its antioxidant properties are applicable in skin care formulations aimed at protecting against environmental damage and premature aging. As a bioactive compound, garciniflavanone continues to be a subject of interest for its therapeutic potential and underlines the importance of plant-derived compounds in drug discovery and development.

Erythrinin A is an alkaloid compound, which is an isolated bioactive substance derived from the Erythrina plant species. This compound is primarily sourced from the beans and bark of Erythrina plants, which are native to tropical and subtropical regions. Erythrinin A exhibits its mode of action by interacting with neurotransmitter systems within the central nervous system, possessing properties that may influence receptors such as GABA and others related to neuromodulation. The potential applications of Erythrinin A are grounded in its neuropharmacological effects. It has been the focus of research due to its potential use in treating neurological disorders, such as anxiety, depression, and epilepsy. While investigations are ongoing, the unique properties of Erythrinin A make it a promising candidate for the development of novel therapeutic agents, fostering interest in its ability to modulate synaptic transmission and exert anxiolytic or anticonvulsant effects. Studies continue to elucidate its full spectrum of activity and possible therapeutic benefits, enhancing our understanding of this intriguing alkaloid.

(S)-Equol is a non-steroidal estrogen, which is a metabolite produced by the gut microbiota from dietary isoflavones, specifically daidzein, found in soy and other legumes. It has high affinity for estrogen receptor beta, playing a significant role in modulating estrogenic activity without altering steroid hormone levels. The mode of action of (S)-Equol involves selective binding to estrogen receptors, exerting estrogen-like effects particularly in tissues like bone, brain, and cardiovascular systems, while potentially minimizing proliferative effects on breast and uterine tissues due to its preferential affinity. (S)-Equol is explored for its applications in managing menopausal symptoms, osteoporosis, and hormone-related conditions, providing an alternative to traditional hormone replacement therapies. It also holds promise as a therapeutic agent for conditions associated with estrogen deficiency. While not all individuals produce (S)-Equol naturally, due to differences in gut microbiota, understanding its biosynthesis and effects opens avenues for tailored dietary or probiotic interventions to harness its benefits.

6,3'-Diprenylgenistein is a prenylated isoflavonoid compound, which is derived from certain plants, notably those within the legume family. This phytochemical is characterized as an isoflavone, a class of naturally occurring organic compounds related to flavonoids, distinguished by the inclusion of prenyl groups that potentially enhance its biological activity and bioavailability. The mode of action of 6,3'-Diprenylgenistein involves various biochemical pathways, including interactions with estrogen receptors and modulation of enzyme activities. These interactions suggest possible roles in influencing estrogenic activity, antioxidant effects, and anti-inflammatory responses. Prenylation, as observed in this compound, often enhances cellular uptake, allowing for more effective interaction with biochemical targets compared to non-prenylated analogs. In terms of uses and applications, 6,3'-Diprenylgenistein is primarily studied for its potential therapeutic properties, with research exploring its role in cancer chemoprevention, cardiovascular health, and osteoporosis management due to its ability to mimic or inhibit estrogen effects. Additionally, this compound contributes to ongoing studies focusing on developing novel nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals targeting various health conditions, leveraging its enhanced biological activity.

Oxygen-heterocyclic compound

Oxygen-heterocyclic compound

Wedelolactone analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

Quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

7-Methoxyflavone is a bioactive compound classified as a flavonoid, which is derived from various natural sources such as plants, fruits, and vegetables. This compound exerts its biological effects through modulation of enzyme activity and interaction with cellular signaling pathways, primarily involving the modulation of cytochrome P450 enzymes and affecting neurotransmitter systems. In the scientific context, 7-Methoxyflavone is of particular interest due to its potential neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. It has been investigated for its ability to influence pharmacokinetics when interacting with other substances, which could have implications for drug metabolism and efficacy. Moreover, its interaction with enzymes suggests possible applications in managing conditions like neurodegenerative diseases and certain metabolic disorders. Researchers are exploring its utility in developing new pharmacological agents, given its ability to modulate biological pathways and its relative abundance in nature. The compound's multifaceted mode of action makes it a subject of ongoing scientific studies aiming to fully elucidate its potential benefits and applications in therapeutic settings.

Isorhamnetin-5-O-methyl ether-3-glucoside is a flavonoid glycoside, which is a secondary metabolite typically found in various plant sources such as fruits, vegetables, and certain herbs. It is part of a larger class of compounds known as flavonoids, which are well-known for their diverse biological activities. The mode of action of Isorhamnetin-5-O-methyl ether-3-glucoside primarily involves its antioxidant properties, which allow it to neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress. Due to its antioxidant capacity, this compound is often researched for its potential health benefits, particularly in relation to cardiovascular health, anti-inflammatory effects, and possible anticancer properties. The ability of Isorhamnetin-5-O-methyl ether-3-glucoside to modulate various signaling pathways and gene expressions also makes it a subject of interest in the field of phytotherapy and nutraceutical studies. Researchers are exploring its applications in developing food supplements and therapeutic agents aimed at preventing or ameliorating oxidative stress-related diseases. Such investigations are crucial for expanding our understanding of the full potential of this compound within biomedical and nutritional contexts.

Natural glycoside

5,7-Diacetoxy-8-methoxyflavone is derived from the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis and inhibits cAMP phosphodiesterase.

7,2'-Dibenzyloxy-8,4'-dimethoxyisoflavone is a complex flavonoid derivative, which is a synthetic isoflavone compound with potential applications in medical and biochemical research. It is derived from the modification of naturally occurring isoflavones, typically found in various plants, including soybeans. Isoflavones like this compound are of significant interest due to their estrogenic activities, as they can mimic or influence estrogen action in biological systems. The mode of action of 7,2'-Dibenzyloxy-8,4'-dimethoxyisoflavone involves binding to estrogen receptors, which can affect gene expression and cell signaling pathways. This action provides a model for understanding estrogenic interactions and the development of estrogen-related therapies. Its unique structural modifications enhance its binding affinity and selectivity, offering insights into the structural biology of receptor interactions. In terms of uses and applications, this compound is primarily utilized in research settings to study hormonal activities and potential therapeutic effects in estrogen-responsive conditions. It serves as a valuable tool in the investigation of endocrine modulation, offering a platform for developing novel therapeutics for conditions like osteoporosis, hormone-dependent cancers, and menopausal symptoms.

Scutellarin methylester is a flavonoid derivative, which is a modified form of the naturally occurring compound scutellarin. It originates from plant sources, notably from species within the *Scutellaria* genus. The modification to a methyl ester potentially increases its bioavailability and modifies its pharmacokinetic properties. The mode of action of scutellarin methylester involves several biochemical pathways. It is known to exhibit antioxidant activity, which helps in reducing oxidative stress by neutralizing free radicals. Scutellarin may also interact with various cellular signaling pathways, influencing processes such as inflammation and neuronal protection, possibly via modulating enzyme functions or receptor activities. This compound is of interest in diverse scientific fields due to its potential applications. It could serve in research focused on neuroprotection, cardiovascular health, and anti-inflammatory effects. Its ability to combat oxidative stress makes it a candidate for exploring therapies related to neurodegenerative diseases, ischemic stroke, and other conditions where oxidative damage is implicated.

Fisetin analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

Oxygen-heterocyclic compound

Orobol 7,3',4'-trimethyl ether is a synthetic flavonoid compound, which is derived from the chemical modification of natural flavonoids. These modifications involve methylation, specifically at the 7, 3', and 4' positions of the flavone structure. This chemical derivation allows for enhanced stability and solubility compared to its natural counterparts. The mode of action of Orobol 7,3',4'-trimethyl ether involves the modulation of various biological pathways. As a flavonoid, it may interact with multiple cell signaling pathways, potentially affecting processes such as apoptosis, cell proliferation, and inflammation. Its methylation allows for specific binding affinities and cellular uptake, potentially enhancing its biological efficacy. In terms of uses and applications, Orobol 7,3',4'-trimethyl ether is primarily of interest in the fields of pharmacology and medicinal chemistry as a compound with potential therapeutic benefits. Research is ongoing to explore its efficacy as an anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant agent. Its role in modulating cellular pathways makes it a promising candidate for drug development and a subject of study in biochemical research.

Isorhamnetin-3-O-rhamnoside analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

Robinin is a flavonoid glycoside, which is a naturally occurring phytochemical compound. It is derived from plant sources, particularly within the Fabaceae family, such as Robinia pseudoacacia. The mode of action of Robinin involves its interaction with various cellular and molecular pathways, exhibiting properties such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Robinin's uses and applications are of significant interest to researchers due to its potential therapeutic roles. It is explored in the context of cardiovascular health, as well as in the modulation of oxidative stress-related disorders. Additionally, its anti-inflammatory properties make it a candidate for studying its effects on chronic inflammatory conditions. The various biological activities of Robinin allow it to be a subject of study in pharmacognosy and therapeutic applications, though further research is needed to fully elucidate its potential benefits and mechanisms of action.

Natural glycoside

Natural glycoside

Isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

(S)-Hesperetin is a flavonoid compound, which is a naturally occurring polyphenolic structure. It is predominantly derived from citrus fruits, including oranges and lemons, through the metabolic breakdown of its glycoside form, hesperidin. This transformation occurs in the human body, where hesperidin is hydrolyzed to release hesperetin and other metabolites. The mode of action of (S)-Hesperetin involves its ability to modulate various biological pathways. It exhibits potent antioxidant activity by scavenging free radicals and chelating metal ions, which helps in reducing oxidative stress at the cellular level. Additionally, it interacts with signaling cascades to exert anti-inflammatory effects, and has been observed to influence lipid metabolism and modulate enzyme activities related to detoxification processes. (S)-Hesperetin is used in research focused on chronic diseases where oxidative stress plays a role, such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. Its potential applications extend to the development of functional foods and nutraceuticals aimed at enhancing human health by leveraging its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Scientists are particularly interested in exploring its bioavailability and metabolic pathways to better harness its therapeutic potential.

Oxygen-heterocyclic compound

5,2'-Dimethoxyflavone is a synthetic or naturally occurring flavone, which is derived from certain plants. It belongs to the class of polyphenolic compounds found predominantly in the plant kingdom. As a secondary metabolite, this compound is linked to the plant's defense mechanisms, typically sourced from herbs known for their therapeutic potential. The mode of action of 5,2'-Dimethoxyflavone involves various biological pathways. It is hypothesized to interact with signaling pathways and receptors, potentially influencing anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective responses. The precise biochemical interactions remain an ongoing area of research, with studies indicating its ability to modulate enzyme activity and gene expression. Applications of 5,2'-Dimethoxyflavone are primarily concentrated within the pharmacological and biochemical research domains. It is explored for its potential therapeutic benefits against a range of conditions, such as oxidative stress-related disorders, inflammation, and neurodegenerative diseases. Researchers utilize this compound as a model to elucidate underlying biological processes and assess the possibility of developing novel therapeutic agents. The continued study of 5,2'-Dimethoxyflavone is significant for advancing our understanding of flavonoids in medicinal chemistry.

4',5,7-Trihydroxyisoflavone is used to inhibitor of tyrosine protein kinase. Genistein inhibits EGF-stimulated phosphorylation in cultured cells. Also used to explore signal transduction pathways. This Thermo Scientific Chemicals brand product was originally part of the Alfa Aesar product portfolio. Some documentation and label information may refer to the legacy brand. The original Alfa Aesar product / item code or SKU reference has not changed as a part of the brand transition to Thermo Scientific Chemicals.

7,2'-Dibenzyloxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone is a synthetic isoflavone compound, which is derived from chemical synthesis processes rather than natural sources. Isoflavones are a class of flavonoids often studied for their diverse biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and potential anticancer properties. This compound is characterized by its unique chemical structure that incorporates benzyl and methoxy groups, possibly enhancing its pharmacokinetic profile and efficacy. The mode of action for 7,2'-Dibenzyloxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone may involve modulation of cellular signaling pathways and enzyme inhibition, although specific mechanisms require further elucidation. Its interactions at the molecular level could affect various biological processes, warranting detailed pharmacological studies. Applications of this compound can span a range of scientific research fields, including pharmacology, biochemistry, and molecular biology. Researchers might explore its potential as a lead compound in drug development, focusing on its ability to target specific biological pathways pertinent to disease states. Effective utilization in experimental setups could provide insights into novel therapeutic strategies and deepen understanding of isoflavone-related bioactivities.

Hinokiflavone-7,7”,4”’-trimethyl ether is a specialized biflavonoid compound, which is a type of plant secondary metabolite. Derived primarily from certain species of the Cupressaceae family, it showcases the diverse capabilities of flavonoids in biochemical pathways. This compound functions by modulating enzyme activities, interacting with cellular receptors, and exhibiting antioxidant properties. It acts through mechanisms involving inhibition of specific kinases and other enzymes, thereby influencing cell signaling pathways and inflammatory responses. The primary uses and applications of hinokiflavone-7,7”,4”’-trimethyl ether are found in the realm of pharmacological research. Scientists are investigating its potential roles in mitigating oxidative stress and its anti-inflammatory effects, which could translate into therapeutic strategies for chronic diseases such as cancer and arthritis. Its mode of action and source specificity also makes it an intriguing candidate for studying plant biochemistry and interspecies interactions within ecological settings. The ongoing research aims to unravel further its molecular interactions and validate its efficacy and safety in clinical scenarios.

AntioxidantImage created by Dave Richardson sourced from https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/171407970

4',5,7-Trihydroxyflavone is a nonmutagenic flavonoid shown to inhibit cell proliferation, angiogenesis and protein kinase. Also induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells. It inhibit topoisomerase I-catalyzed DNA re-ligation and enhance gap junctional intercellular communication. This Thermo Scientific Chemicals brand product was originally part of the Alfa Aesar product portfolio. Some documentation and label information may refer to the legacy brand. The original Alfa Aesar product / item code or SKU reference has not changed as a part of the brand transition to Thermo Scientific Chemicals.

3,7,3',4',5'-Pentamethoxyflavone is a polymethoxyflavone, which is a class of flavonoids characterized by multiple methoxy groups. It is predominantly found in certain citrus fruits, particularly in the peels. The compound is isolated through extraction and purification processes that leverage the natural abundance in these sources. With respect to its mode of action, 3,7,3',4',5'-Pentamethoxyflavone interacts with various cellular pathways. It demonstrates potential bioactive properties, including modulation of enzyme activity and anti-inflammatory effects, largely through its interaction with cellular signaling pathways. This action contributes to the regulation of immune responses and may affect oxidative stress mechanisms. Applications of 3,7,3',4',5'-Pentamethoxyflavone are currently a subject of extensive research. Scientists are exploring its potential in pharmacological contexts, particularly in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant therapies. Its ability to influence biological pathways underscores its potential role in developing new therapeutic agents. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate its full spectrum of biological activities and to assess its efficacy and safety in clinical applications.

Retusin is an alkaloid compound, which is derived from organic botanical sources, specifically certain plant species known for their medicinal properties. It functions primarily through a bactericidal mode of action by interfering with bacterial cell wall synthesis and disrupting critical metabolic pathways essential for bacterial survival. This interference effectively inhibits bacterial growth and proliferation, leading to cell death. Retusin is utilized in various biomedical applications, primarily as a therapeutic agent targeting bacterial infections resistant to standard antibiotics. It is of particular interest in the development of new antimicrobial agents, offering a novel mechanism of action that may circumvent common resistance pathways seen in traditional drugs. Researchers are also exploring its potential synergistic effects when used in combination with other antimicrobial therapies. Through rigorous laboratory studies, Retusin holds promise as a key component in addressing the global challenge of antibiotic resistance, pushing forward the boundaries of contemporary microbial pharmacology.

Rhamnetin-3-rutinoside is a specialized bioflavonoid, a type of plant-derived polyphenolic compound. It is typically sourced from various plant species, where it naturally occurs as part of the plant’s secondary metabolites. This compound functions primarily as an antioxidant, where its mode of action involves scavenging free radicals and stabilizing reactive oxygen species, thereby protecting cells from oxidative stress. In scientific research, Rhamnetin-3-rutinoside is studied for its potential protective effects against various diseases caused by oxidative damage, including certain cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. Its application extends to the exploration of its therapeutic potential, possibly contributing to the development of pharmaceuticals or functional foods aimed at enhancing health through its antioxidative properties. Research continues to delve into its efficacy, bioavailability, and mechanisms of action within biological systems.