Glycerophospholipids / Phospholipids

Edelfosine is a synthetic, membrane-active lipid alkyl ether that selectively induces cell death in cancer cells. It is a prodrug that is hydrolyzed to 1-octadecyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphocholine (1-OHDGP) in vivo. 1-OHDGP binds to the anionic sites of the lipid bilayer and causes the lysis of target cells by disrupting their membranes. This process, known as membranolysis, leads to ion channel disruption and death of the target cell. Edelfosin has been shown to be effective against cancer cell lines at nanomolar concentrations.

1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine is a phospholipid that is found in chloroplasts. It has been shown to be an inhibitor of drug transporter proteins and can prevent the transport of drugs into cells. Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine binds calcium and inhibits the kinetics of the enzyme protein kinase C by binding to its catalytic domain. This phospholipid also functions as a fluorescence probe for basic proteins and cyclic lipopeptides. It has been shown to have pluripotent cell properties, which means it can differentiate into many different types of cells. Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine has a phase transition temperature of 65°C, which means it melts at this temperature.

1-O-Hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (HPC) is a phospholipid that is synthesized from the essential fatty acid linoleic acid. It has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on leukemia cells, which may be due to its ability to induce apoptosis by inducing the death of tumor cells and inhibiting protein synthesis. HPC also interacts synergistically with other agents such as phorbol esters, which can lead to increased cell death. This drug has been shown to have immunomodulatory effects in fibrosarcoma cells, where it inhibits tumor growth and induces apoptotic cell death. HPC binds to specific antigens and modulates immune responses through the inhibition of diacylglycerol production.

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