Hormones in Recombinant Proteins

Applications A labelled phytosterol content in plant food which showed hypocholesterolemic and hypotriglyceridemic effects in hypercholesterolemic overweight volunteers. Used in the treatment of metabolic disorders. References Kasamo, K., et al.: Plant Physiol., 93, 1049 (1990), Davey, M., et al.: J. Sci. Food Agric., 80, 825 (2000), Nomura, T., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 280, 17873 (2005), Matos, L., et al.: Food Chem., 102, 406 (2007),

Applications Hormone; mediates photoperiodicity in mammals; inhibits cerebellar nitric oxide synthetase; peroxynitrite scavenger. Melatonin has complex effects on apoptotic pathways, inhibiting apoptosis in immune cells and neurons but enhancing apoptotic cell death of cancer cells. Inhibits proliferation/metastasis of breast cancer cells by inhibiting estrogen receptor action. References Barchas, et al.: Nature, 214, 919 (1967), Glass, J.D., et al.: Science, 214, 821 (1981),

Applications Oleanolic Acid-d3, is the labeled analogue of Oleanolic Acid (O521000), which is a triterpenoid known for its anti-inflammatory properties, is commonly present in several medicinal plants. It also inhibits secretory phospholipase A2. References Andrikopoulos, N., et al.: J. Med. Food, 5, 1 (2002), Lanteri, S., et al.: Food Chem., 76, 501 (2002), Rodriguez-Rodriguez, R., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 155, 535 (2008), Sotiroudis, T., et al.: Eur. J. Nutr, 47, 69 (2008),

Applications 3,3’,5-Triiodo-D-thyronine is a structural analogue o the thyroid homonef Thyroxine (T425600). 3,3’,5-Triiodo-D-thyronine has been shown to reduce cholesterol in blood serum. References Mintz, D.O., et. al.: New Engl. J. Med., 266, 808 (1962)

Hormone induced following exercise or cold exposure that promotes energy expenditure.

Applications A metabolite of Fulvestrant (F862500). References Rao, P., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem., 25, 417 (1986), Wakeling, A., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 43, 173 (1992), DeFriend, D., et al.: Cancer Res., 54, 408 (1994),

Applications 4-Androsten-17alpha-methyl-17beta-ol-3-one-1,2-d2 is a useful isotopically labeled compound of 17α-Methyl Testosterone (M326400)

Human Hepcidin peptide hormone product also know as LEAP-1 (liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide), where the disulfides are formed by random oxidation. Hepcidin is a peptide hormone that is synthesized in the liver and is an important regulator of iron homeostasis. Through binding to ferroportin Hepcidin prevents the exportation of iron thus reducing the amount of circulating iron. Furthermore through inflammatory cytokine induction Hepcidin leads to the internalization and degradation of ferroportin thus further reducing the amount of iron in circulation. This in turn make conditions unfavourable to invading pathogens. This demonstrates Hepcidin's ability as an anti-microbial peptide. This antimicrobial behaviour can be used in research into the elimination of pathogens but also in combatting diseases where iron dysregulation is prevalant.

Applications Labelled Ulipristal (U700800). Ulipristal is a selective progesterone receptor modulator. Ulipristal is used during pregnancy. References Gronemeijer, H., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem., 40, 271 (1991), Spitz, I., et al.: Contraception, 48, 403 (1993), Conneely, O., et al.: Steroids, 68, 771 (2003), Chwalisz, K., et al.: Endocr. Rev., 26, 423 (2005),

Impurity Beclomethasone Dipropionate EP Impurity F Applications 6α-Bromo Beclomethasone Dipropionate (Beclomethasone Dipropionate EP Impurity F) is an impurity of Beclomethasone Dipropionate (B131030).

Applications A synthetic derivative of Dehydroepiandrosterone. The reduced androgenicity of Fluasterone may obviate toxicities associated with the androgenicity of the parent compound. Antitumor agent. Used in clinical trials for prostate cancer prevention. References Bentley, P., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 31, 857 (1993), Rao, K., et al.: Cancer Res., 59, 3084 (1999), Masuzaki, H., et al.: Science, 294, 2166 (2001), Osawa, E., et al.: Life Sci., 70, 2623 (2002),

Insulin Porcine is a two chain, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 51 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 5777 Dalton.  The a and b chains are joined by two interchain disulfide bonds with the a chain containing an intrachain disulfide bond. Insulin regulates the cellular uptake, utilization, and storage of glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids and inhibits the breakdown of glycogen, protein, and fat.

Applications N-Desmethyl Ulipristal Acetate is the N-monodemethylated analogue and metabolite of the selective progesterone receptor modulator Ulipristal Acetate (U700810). N-Desmethyl Ulipristal Acetate contributes significantly to the antiprogestational activity of its parent compound. References Attardi, B.J. et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 88, 277 (2004);

Insulin-1 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (E. coli, His & Myc) is expressed in E. coli.

Applications Dihydro Dutasteride is an impurity arose during the process development of Dutasteride (D735000). References Solomons, W., et al.: J. Pharma. Sci., 63, 19 (1974), Rasmusson, G., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 29, 2298 (1986),

Applications 18-Hydroxycortisol is a derivative of Cortisol (H714615), frequently referred to as the “stress hormone”, is released into the bloodstream during periods of stress. Cortisol also has effects on enhancing memory with regards to emotions during stressful events. References Buchanan, T., et al.: Psychoneuroendocrino, 26, 307 (2001); Stark, R., et al.: Neuroimage, 32, 1290 (2006)

Stability Hygroscopic Applications (3α,5β,7α)-7-Hydroxy-3-(sulfooxy)-cholan-24-oic Acid is the 3-monosulfate derivative of chenodeoxycholic acid (C291900), a major bile acid in many vertebrates, occurring as the N-glycine and/or N-taurine conjugate. References Haslewood, E.S., et al.: Biochem. J., 155, 401 (1976); Parmentier, G., et al.: Steroids., 30, 583 (1977);

Plays an important role in growth control.

Plays an important role in growth control.

Applications Progesterone (P755900) impurity. References Liang, T., et al.: Biol. Chem., 256, 7998 (1981), Bratoeff, E., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 111, 275 (2008),

Applications Used in the preparation of 16β-Hydroxy Stanozolol (H953550), a Stanozolol (S684500) metabolite. References Schaenzer, W. et al.; J. Steroid. Biochem. 36, 153 (1990)

Applications It is an anabolic steroid recently identified to be misused as a doping agent. The potency of Madol (DMT) to transactivate androgen receptor (AR) dependent reporter gene expression was two times lower as compared to dihydrotestosterone (DHT). References Zierau, O., et al.: Planta Med., 69, 856 (2003), Takahashi, M., et al.: Endocr. J., 51, 425 (2004), Labrie, F., et al.: J. Endocrinol., 184, 427 (2005),Friedel, A., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 164, 16(2006),

Applications Tabimorelin is an orally active growth hormone (GH) secretagogue intended for use as an alternative to daily injections of GH. In vitro studies in human liver microsomes have indicated that NN703 is a mechanism-based inhibitor of CYP3A4. References Fabre, G., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 37, 4389 (1988), Thummel, K., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 59, 491 (1996), Yu, D., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 39, 1203 (1999)