Botanical Source

Glycitein accounts for 5-10% of the total isoflavones in soy food products, has weak estrogenic activity, comparable to that of the other soy isoflavones but much lower than that of DES and 17beta-estradiol.

Timosaponin BII has anti-diabetes, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-dementia activities, it can significantly reduce the neurotoxicity induced by beta amyloid peptide 25-35 in primary neurons, the mechanism of which may be related with resisting oxidative damage and regulating the cholinergic system.Timosaponin BII can improve the neurological symptoms of cerebral ischemic rat, reduce infarct size, relieve brain water edema, improve hemorheology, reduce inflammatory injury of cerebral ischemia; it could be used in the preparation of a medicament or product for the prevention and treatment of stroke.

Plantamajoside is a phenylethanoid glycoside isolated primarily from Plantago asiatica, which is a perennial herb known for its pharmacological benefits. This compound functions through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, effectively modulating pathways such as the NF-κB signaling and scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). These mechanisms contribute to its potential therapeutic effects in managing inflammation and oxidative stress-related conditions. Plantamajoside has garnered attention for its applications in the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as arthritis and dermatitis. Additionally, its antioxidative activity supports its use in combating oxidative-related cellular damage. Current research also explores its role in neuroprotection, as it may help prevent neuronal damage in neurodegenerative diseases. With growing interest in natural product-based therapies, Plantamajoside provides a promising avenue for further investigation in biomedical research.

Diosbulbin B has potential anti-tumor effects which may be related to influencing the immune system for the first time, it also exhibits potential hepatotoxicity.

Nicotiflorin is a flavonoid glycoside extracted from a traditional Chinese medicine Flos Carthami, it has a protective effect against cerebral ischemic damage.

Astragaloside II can downregulate the expression of the P-gp and mdr1 gene, suppress phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2, p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase, suggests that Astragaloside II is a potent multidrug resistance (MDR) reversal agent and may be a potential adjunctive agent for hepatic cancer chemotherapy.