Botanical Source

3-Hydroxy-4-methoxycinnamic acid has kinetics governing the inhibitory effect on tyrosinase-catalyzed reactions.

(-)-Epigallocatechin (EGC) can suppress oxidation of plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) in vitro.

Stevioside - min 75% is a high-purity glycoside compound that functions as a natural sweetener. It is derived from the leaves of the Stevia rebaudiana plant, a member of the Asteraceae family, which is native to Paraguay and Brazil. This compound works by interacting with the sweet receptors on the tongue, specifically the TAS1R2 and TAS1R3 receptors, to provide a sweet taste sensation that is several hundred times sweeter than sucrose, without contributing to caloric intake. The principal applications of Stevioside are in the food and beverage industry, where it is employed as a sugar substitute in products such as soft drinks, desserts, and confectionery. Its non-caloric nature makes it highly valuable for the development of low-calorie and diabetic-friendly products. Moreover, due to its stable nature across a range of pH levels and temperatures, it is an ideal additive for products undergoing various manufacturing processes. In addition to its sweetening properties, Stevioside may offer potential health benefits, such as antihyperglycemic and antihypertensive effects, although these require further research for comprehensive understanding.

Asperulosidic acid has been recently used in chinese medicine as a useful drug against some tumors. It has anticlastogenic activity, since the anticlastogenic irridoids have an alpha-unsaturated carbonyl group, this structure is considered to play an important role in the anticlastogenicity. Asperulosidic acid can inhibit the seed germination and growth of seedlings of large crabgrass. Asperulosidic acid, and 6-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-1-O-octanoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose are effective in suppressing 12-O-tedtradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)- or epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced cell transformation and associated AP-1 activity.

Cyanidin-3- O -glucoside, is one of the main component of mulberry anthocyanins,has protective effects from blackberry extract against peroxynitrite-induced endothelial dysfunction and vascular failure.

Hypaconitine (HA), an active and highly toxic constituent derived from Aconitum species, is widely used to treat rheumatism, the hepatic cytochrome P450-catalyzed metabolism of HA.