Phytochemicals

Stability Hygroscopic Applications (±)-Isomenthone is a constituent of some commercial essential oils with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. References Baratta, M., et al.: Flavour Frag. J., 13, 235 (1998); Iscan, G., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 50, 3943 (2002)

Applications Anthragallol is the most active inhibitor against xanthine oxidase. References Friedlander, A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 261, 7123 (1986), Abrami, L., et al.: J. Cell Biol., 160, 295 (2003), Chopra, A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 9402 (2003),

Applications Astragaloside IV has cardiovascular protective effects, protecting the vascular endothelial cells. In addition it is attributed to have anti0inflammatory and anti-virus effects as well. This is due to its scavenging ability of oxygen free radicals, regulation of mineral homeostasis and antioxidative effects. References Liu, S. et al.: J. Chinese Pharm. Sci., 22, 222 (2013);

Applications Withaferin A is a promising anticancer constituent of Ayurvedic medicinal plant Withania somnifera. Withaferin A showed potent cytotoxicity against human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (JMAR and MDA-1986). Withaferin A has recently been found to be a leptin sensitizer that can reduce the weight in obese mice fed in a high-fat diet (see C249500). References Shohat, B., et al.: Cancer Chemother. Rep., 51, 271 (1967), Shohat, B., et al.: Int. J. Cancer., 8, 487 (1971); Chem. and Eng. News p. 6, Aug. 8, 2016

Applications Hexahydrocurcumin-d6 is an isotope labelled degradation product of Curcumin (C838500), a dietary anti-inflammatory and chemopreventive agent consisting of two methoxyphenol rings connected by a conjugated heptadienedione chain. References Gordon, D.N., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 290, 4817 (2015);

Stability Hygroscopic Applications Chicoric Acid is an effective inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) integrase and the replication in tissues. Also a class of cannabinomimetics with CB2 receptor-dependent and independent References King, P. et al.: J. Virol., 72, 8420 (1998); Raduner, S. et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 281, 14192 (2006);

Applications An inhibitor of 12-lipoxygenase, leukotriene biosynthesis and release of lysosomal enzymes. It also inhibits cellular Ca2+ uptake and mobilization and adjuvant-induced arthritis. Baicalein is the flavonoid component of Nepalese and Sino-Japanese crude drugs. References Nadler, J.L., et al.: J. Clin. Invest., 80, 1763 (1987), Ono, K., et al.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 160, 982 (1989), Abe, K., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 38, 209 (1990)