Metal Salts

Potassium trichloroammineplatinate(II) is a platinum-based drug that is used to treat testicular cancer. It binds to DNA, forming a complex that prevents the synthesis of RNA and protein. This drug has been shown to be effective against human ovarian carcinoma and resistant cancer cells. Potassium trichloroammineplatinate(II) also has anticancer activity by inhibiting tumor growth in mice and hamsters with implanted tumors. The antitumour activity of this drug is due to its ability to cause cell death by directly damaging DNA or indirectly by altering the pH of the environment, which leads to an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS).

L-Malic acid disodium salt monohydrate is a versatile building block that can be used in the production of research chemicals, reagents and speciality chemicals. It is also a useful building block for the synthesis of complex compounds with high quality. L-Malic acid disodium salt monohydrate has been used as a reagent in organic syntheses, as well as in the production of pharmaceuticals. In addition, it is an intermediate for the synthesis of polymers and other materials. The CAS number for L-Malic acid disodium salt monohydrate is 207511-06-6.

Potassium acrylate is a diamine tetraacetic acid that functions as a control agent. It is used in analytical methods to measure the effectiveness of other agents. It can be used to produce carboxylate, coordination complex, and hydroxide solution. It has been shown to be effective at doses of 3-5 mM. Potassium acrylate is soluble in water and is stable in air. The FTIR spectrum shows an absorption band at 1657 cm-1, which corresponds to the C=O stretching vibration of the carboxylate group.

Full agonist of the μ-opioid receptor (MOR) with Ki of 383 nM. It also weakly agonizes the δ-opioid receptor (DOR) with a Ki >10 μM. Tianeptine has antidepressant effects but can also regulate neuroplasticity in the amygdala and stress-induced release of glutamate. It can generate analgesia and reward, typical opiate-like behavioural effects, but does not induce tolerance or withdrawal.

Bromotris(triphenylphosphine)rhodium(I) is a catalyst that can be used for catalytic hydrogenation. It has been shown to have high selectivity and structural integrity. Bromotris(triphenylphosphine)rhodium(I) is also an industrial catalyst, which is used in the synthesis of polyethylene, polypropylene, and other plastics. The catalyst is also used as a cross-linking agent for polymers. Bromotris(triphenylphosphine)rhodium(I) has been shown to selectively promote the hydrogenation of alkenes and alkynes, while not acting on alcohols or amines.

Triethylphosphine gold(I) chloride is a coordination complex that inhibits protein synthesis in mitochondria by binding to the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase. The inhibition of this enzyme leads to decreased production of ATP, which is the primary energy source for cells. Triethylphosphine gold(I) chloride has been shown to be effective against nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and can be used to treat pain, inflammation, and fever associated with arthritis. This drug has also been shown to inhibit angiogenesis in animals and may be useful in cancer treatment.

The D-isomer of 3-hydroxybutyric acid (also termed β-hydroxybutyrate, βOHB) is an important ketone body in the metabolism of humans and animals. (Chemically speaking it is not a ketone but is simply converted into a ketone by dehydrogenase activity). βOHB has been looked upon as a carrier of energy from the liver to peripheral tissues (heart and kidneys) during fasting and exercise. Historically, the association with diabetes and starvation have given the ketone bodies a morbid connotation. Only more recently, βOHB is also recognized as a potentially powerful nutritional supplement and a signaling molecule. Since D-3-hydroxybutyrate can supply a great deal of energy, it is added to the diet to treat a variety of diseases and to support a ketogenic diet, for example in the treatment of infant’s epilepsy or diabetes. Newman and Verdin (2017) presented a model of how ketone bodies and βOHB in particular might turn off genes that otherwise accelerate aging.

Zinc stearate is an alkanoic acid that is used as a pharmaceutical excipient. It is a model system for benzimidazole compounds and has been shown to have clinical properties in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Zinc stearate is a surface methodology for the fabrication of zirconium oxide and sodium salts, which are used in bone cancer treatments. The use of zinc stearate for this purpose has been patented by the University of Washington. The main metabolite of zinc stearate is zinc lactate, which is formed from the hydrolysis or oxidation of the ester bond between zinc and stearate. Zinc lactate, in turn, can be absorbed into human tissues and cause metabolic disorders such as ketoconazole enantiomer.