Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAHs) Standards

Applications A mutagenic aromatic nitro compound. References Kier, L., et al.: Pharmacol. Res., 7, 801 (1990), Benigni, R., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 38, 629 (1995), Benigni, R., et al.: Mutat. Res., 371, 29 (1996),

Applications 1-Pyrenyl Potassium Sulfate is used as a biomarker of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. References Woudneh, M. et al.: J. Chrom. A., 1454, 93 (2016);

Applications Benz[a]anthracene is a PAH that has carcinogenic properties. It is also used in the synthesis of anti-tumor agents. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Murdock, K. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 25, 505 (1982); Song, M. et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 212, 18 (2012);

Applications Dibenzothiophene is commonly used in microbial studies as a sole, organic sulfur and carbon source for growth. Research concerning the biodegradation of dibenzothiophene by different types of bacteria is a currently being carried out, as these bacteria have the ability to breakdown other harmful polycyclic hydrocarbons (PAH) as well. This may prove to be a very practical method in removing PAH’s from soils, sludge and crude oils. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Bastiaens, L., et al.: Appl. Environ. Microb., 66, 1834 (2000); Gunam, I., et al.: J. Microbiol. Biotechn., 23, 473 (2013); Omori, T., et al.: Appl. Environ. Microb., 58, 911 (1992)

Applications 1-Methylchrysene is one of the methylated chrysenes (MeChry), as an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist. Methylated chrysenes (MeChry) are important cigarette smoke constituents and 5-MeChry has been listed as possibly carcinogenic to humans. 1-Methylchrysene is a possible carcinogenic agent. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Amin, S., et al.: Cancer Res., 45, 6406 (1985), Blaha, L., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 65, 43 (2002), Brack, W., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 37, 3062 (2003), Andrysik, Z., et al.: Mutat. Res., 615, 87 (2007),

Applications Phenanthrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, an environmental pollutant. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Di Toro, D. et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 19, 1971 (2000); Vines, C. et al.: Aquat. Toxicol., 51, 225 (2000); Incardona, J. et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 196, 191 (2004); Junghans, M. et al.: Aquat. Toxicol., 76, 93 (2006);

Applications 1,2-Dichloronaphthalene is an organic pollutant found in wastewater. References Ryu, J., et. al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 47, 2394 (2013)

Applications Coronene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in smoked fish and was examined for potential toxic and carcinogenic effects. References Mihlca, G. L., et al.: J. Agroliment. Process. Technol., 17, 392 (2011); Zitka, O., et al.: Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 7, 908 (2012); Rogge, W.F., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 401, 3069 (2011)

Applications Benzo[k]fluoranthene is used as an optical sensor for nitro-aromatic compounds due to fluorescence quenching of the molecule. It is also a carcinogen and mutagen. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Patra, D. et al.: Sens. Actua. B. Chem., 80, 278 (2001); Wei-Dong, W. et al.: J. Chrom. A., 1173, 27 (2007);

Applications 1-Methyldibenzothiophene, is an alkyldibenzothiophene present in crude oil. Research concerning the biodegradation of Dibenzothiophene by different types of bacteria is a currently being carried out, as these bacteria have the ability to breakdown other harmful PAH’s as well. This may be used in removing spilled oil from marine and terrestrial environments. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Boberg, F., et al.: Erdoel & Kohle, Erdgas, Petrochemie, 47, 187 (1994); Tanaka, Y., et al.: Applied Microbiology and Biotech., 59 (2), 325 (2002); Prince, R., Spill Sci. Tech. Bulletin, 8 (2), 145 (2003);

Stability Hygroscopic Applications 5-Acenaphthenamine is an impurity of Acenaphthene (D448330), which is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon as carcinogenic agent. References Hansen, B., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 18, 772 (1999); Czub, G., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 38, 2406 (2004)

Applications 4-Chloro-1,2-dihydro-5-acenaphthylenamine is an impurity of Acenaphthene (D448330), which is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon as carcinogenic agent. References Hansen, B., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 18, 772 (1999); Czub, G., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 38, 2406 (2004)

Applications 3,11-Dimethylchrysene is a derivative of Chrysene (C428000), both being part of a group of polycyclic aromatic compounds suspected to have tumour-initiating effects on humans. References Schuetzle, D. & Daisey, J.: Genetic Toxicology of Complex Mixtures, No vol. given, 11 (1990); Shaw, G., et al.: Rev. Environ. Contam. T., No vol. given, 1 (1994)

Applications 2-Methylphenanthrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutant from polystyrene plastic. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Rochman, C.M., et. al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 47, 13976 (2013)

Applications Fluoranthene is a commonly occurring environmental pollutant and can be classified as either a tumour initiator or a cocarcinogen in humans. Fluoranthene is widely used as an intermediate to synthesize fluorescent dyes. This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs). Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Hecht, S., et al.: Carcinogenesis, 16, 1433 (1995); Storer, J., et al.: Arch. Dermatol., 120, 874 (1984); Ma, X., et al.: Dyes Pigments, 82, 353 (2009)

Applications The metabolite in soil and sugar beets of Chloridazon. References Smith, D.T., et al.: Weed Sci., 18, 260 (1970),

Applications 1-Methylnapththalene is a carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) that can be measured using 1-hydroxypyrene in urine as a biomarker. This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs) Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Moen, B.E., et. al.: Occup. Environ. Med., 53, 692 (1996)

Applications 2,7-Naphthalenediol is a reagent used in the preparation of monomers of high carbon materials. Also used in the synthesis of splitomicin analogues. References Neenan, T. et al.: J. Org. Chem., 53, 2489 (1988); Posakony, J. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 47, 2635 (2004);