Enzyme Substrates

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl nonanoate (5BCNI) is a chromogenic substrate for the detection of alkaline phosphatase. It is soluble in most organic solvents and is stable at room temperature for up to 30 days. 5BCNI has been shown to be a high quality, sensitive and specific substrate for the detection of alkaline phosphatase in culture media, diagnostics, conjugates, environmental testing and chemiluminescence. It has also been used as an enzyme substrate in bioluminescence studies. The CAS number for 5BCNI is 133950-77-3.

Luc-Salmonella is a conjugate of the enzyme luciferase and the substrate 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate. Luc-Salmonella has been used for diagnostic purposes in the detection of bacteria in culture media, as well as in environmental and food testing. Luc-Salmonella can be used to detect Salmonella, which is a bacterium that can cause gastrointestinal disease. Luminescence is measured using a luminometer or fluorimeter with an excitation wavelength of 485 nm and emission wavelengths at 510 nm. Luminescence from Luc-Salmonella is typically measured after 1 hour incubation with bacterial cells. Luc-Salmonella has been shown to have high purity and quality due to its unique composition of enzyme substrate. This product has been tested for contamination by sensitive assays such as chemiluminescence, bioluminescence, or fluorescence. The purity level of Luc-Sal

Chromogenic substrate targeting alpha-amylase

The invention relates to a new fluorescent reagent for the detection of phospholipids, in particular inositols, which is suitable for both qualitative and quantitative analyses. The reagent is based on a novel fluorogenic substrate that reacts with phospholipids to produce a fluorescent product. The method is simple and rapid, giving results within minutes. It can be used for the detection of phospholipids in culture media, food products and environmental samples.

Please enquire for more information about 4-Methylumbelliferyl b-L-arabinopyranoside including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page

Luciferin-choline phosphate, sodium salt is a fluorescent substrate for the enzyme luciferase that can be used in a variety of applications. It is a conjugate of luciferin and choline phosphate, which provides high purity and high quality. This substrate is typically used as a chemiluminescent or bioluminescent indicator in various diagnostic assays, such as food testing, staining, fluorogenic substrate, and environmental testing. The CAS number for this product is [CAS].

4-Nitrophenyl myristate (NphOMy) is a chromogenic enzyme substrate used as a diagnosis tool for detection of β-lactamase hydrolysis activities. In the presence of certain drugs, 4-nitrophenyl myristate HSA-Tyr411-catalyzed hydrolysis seems to be inhibited.

Aldol® 484 acetate is a chromogenic substrate for carboxylesterases yielding a red precipitate. In contrast to classical indoxyl substrates, Aldol substrates work not only under aerobic but also under anaerobic conditions

Fluorogenic substrate for N-acetyl-β-D-galactosaminidase. Detection of Candida albicans.

6-Hexanoylamino-4-methylumbelliferyl b-D-galactopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate for beta-galactosidase.

Luciferin-myo-inositol-1-phosphate, sodium salt is a conjugate of luciferin and myo-inositol. It is used as a substrate for certain enzymes, such as the enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of luciferin to oxyluciferin. This product can be used in environmental testing, food testing, and diagnostics. Luciferin-myo-inositol-1-phosphate, sodium salt is available in high purity and high quality.

Fluorogenic substrate for ?-L-iduronidase

2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl 4-O-b-D-galactopyranosylmaltoside, also known as Gal-G2-CNP, is a high quality, water soluble, chromogenic substrate that is used as an enzyme substrate and can be used in bioluminescence and chemiluminescence assays. This product is designed for use in diagnostics, culture media, food testing, environmental testing, and other research applications. 2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl 4-O-b-D-galactopyranosylmaltoside has been tested in chromogenic assays with alpha-amylases.

2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl b-D-maltoheptaoside is a fluorescent compound that is used in medical research for the visualization of muscle glycogen. It is also used to study the binding of molecules to proteins, as well as to measure enzyme activity. The compound has been shown to be insensitive to changes in pH and temperature, so it can be used at different pH levels and temperatures without affecting its function. 2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl b-D-maltoheptaoside can be detected by titration calorimetry due to its high molecular weight. The molecule's affinity for carbohydrates also allows it to be used in optimization studies of carbohydrate molecules.

2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl β-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate for beta-glucosidases. In biochemical enzyme assays and in vitro diagnostics analysis, the substrate is used to monitor the glycosyltransferase activity. When 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl β-D-glucopyranoside is cleaved by beta-glucosidase, 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol is released and quantified.

Cesium carbonate is a compound that has various applications in different fields. It is commonly used as an aldehyde scavenger in organic synthesis reactions. Cesium carbonate can also interact with cerebrosides, which are important components of the nervous system, and may have potential therapeutic effects on certain neurological disorders. In addition, research has shown that cesium carbonate exhibits antiviral activity against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It has been found to inhibit the replication of HIV by interfering with viral enzymes and preventing viral entry into human cells. Furthermore, cesium carbonate has been investigated for its potential anthelmintic properties, meaning it could be effective in treating parasitic worm infections. Studies have demonstrated its ability to inhibit the growth and reproduction of various types of worms. Another interesting characteristic of cesium carbonate is its involvement in biochemical reactions. It acts as a substrate for enzymes such as choline oxidase and glutamate decarboxylase, playing a role in metabolic processes within living

2,4-Dinitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate used to assay enzymes, such as glucosidases. These enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds in sugars.

Water soluble substrate for firefly luciferase. Used for imaging the expression of the LUC marker gene and luciferase-fusion conjugates in living cells, tissues and organisms. Extensively utilized in reporter gene assays, immunoassays and hygiene monitoring. Endotoxin free product.

Used for identification of Salmonella spp. by detection of caprylate esterase

Chromogenic β-maltosidase substrate yielding a yellow solution upon cleavage.

5-Bromo-3-indoxyl phosphate, disodium salt is an enzyme substrate that is used for environmental testing, bioluminescence, culture media, chemiluminescence, fluorogenic substrate and food testing. It is also used as a ligand for diagnostic purposes. 5-Bromo-3-indoxyl phosphate, disodium salt has CAS number 16036-59-2 and it is soluble in water. This product has high quality and purity with a conjugate of 5% phenol red. 5-Bromo-3-indoxyl phosphate, disodium salt reacts with the enzyme horseradish peroxidase to produce a red color. This product can be used to detect hydrogen peroxide in the presence of an oxidizing agent such as hydrogen peroxide or potassium permanganate. The reaction produces a blue color when the solution is viewed in daylight or under ultraviolet light.

Benzocaine fructoside is a synthetic carbohydrate that is used as a local anesthetic. It is synthesized from benzocaine to produce a glycosylated form of the drug. This compound has been modified to include fluorine atoms, and it has been methylated with primary amines. The modification of this compound has produced a high-purity product that can be used for click chemistry.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl N-acetyl-a-D-neuraminic acid methyl ester is a chromogenic substrate that reacts with enzymes to produce a colored product. It can be used in diagnostic tests for the detection of various bacteria, including Salmonella and Brucella, as well as for the determination of concentration in food testing or environmental testing. 5B4C3INA can also be conjugated to other substances, such as biotin or an antibody, which allows it to be used in immunoassays.

4-Methylumbelliferyl N-acetyl-4,7,8,9-tetra-O-acetyl-a-D-neuraminic acid methyl ester (4MU) is a chemiluminescence substrate. It is used in the detection of an enzyme involved in the synthesis of glycoproteins and glycolipids. The enzyme conjugates 4MU with a sugar molecule to form a fluorescent product. This product can be detected by its emission of light at 560 nm when illuminated with light at 450 nm.

Aldol® 470 L-alanine ester, hydrochloride is a chromogenic substrate that is used as a food testing reagent and enzyme substrate in diagnostics. It is also used to detect the presence of ligands in an environment. Aldol® 470 L-alanine ester, hydrochloride is used in chemiluminescence and bioluminescence reactions.

6-Bromo-2-naphthalenyl-b-D-mannopyranoside is a boronic acid that is used as a universal substrate for the detection of peroxidase activity. This product has been shown to be stable in most culture media and can be used to detect peroxidase activity in food, environmental, and other biological samples. 6-Bromo-2-naphthalenyl-b-D-mannopyranoside also has high purity and is conjugated with various fluorophores for use in chemiluminescence and bioluminescence assays.

Methylumbelliferyl oleate is a MOSCERDAM® substrate targeting the lipase enzyme

6-Chloro-3-indolyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-galactopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate for N-acetyl-beta-galactosaminidase. It produces a salmon-pink color after enzymatic cleavage.

4-Methylumbelliferyl β-D-glucuronide (MUG) is commonly used as a substrate for detecting β-glucuronidase. MUG is used for identifying E. coli contamination in food, drinking water, clinical samples and for rapid bacterial identification in blood cultures. It is recommended in international normatives (ISO, DIN) as a fluorogenic substrate for detection of E. coli. MUG is also a tool assaying the glucuronidase gene in plants.

3-Indoxyl caprylate is an enzyme substrate used in a variety of diagnostic applications, including the detection of various bacterial and viral infections. It is used as a substrate for beta-galactosidase, which can be detected by bioluminescence or chromogenic substrates. 3-Indoxyl caprylate also serves as a ligand for receptor binding and has been shown to bind to CD4 receptors on human T cells. 3-Indoxyl caprylate is also used as an enzyme substrate in the detection of DNA polymerases, RNA polymerases, and ATPases. This product is available with a high purity that ranges from 98% to 99%. 3-Indoxyl caprylate is soluble in water, alcohols, acetone, acetic acid, and chloroform.

2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-fucopyranoside is a compound that is commonly used as an enzyme substrate for glycogen synthase kinase (GSK). It is activated by GSK-3β and has been shown to inhibit the activity of this enzyme. This compound has also been found to have inhibitory effects on other enzymes such as carbonic anhydrase and lactate dehydrogenase. Additionally, 2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-fucopyranoside exhibits antifungal activity against various fungi, including those resistant to other antifungal agents such as fluopyram and prothioconazole. Its mechanism of action involves interfering with ergosterol biosynthesis, an essential component of fungal cell membranes. Furthermore, this compound has potential applications in the development of new drugs targeting GSK-3β and β-catenin signaling pathways, which are implicated in various diseases including cancer and neuro

4-Nitrophenyl 4-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-b-D-thioglucopyranoside is a superior chromogenic substrate for the detection of enzymes. Specifically designed for optimal performance, it provides exquisite sensitivity and definitive results in enzyme assays. Its exceptional properties make it a top choice among researchers and professionals in biochemistry, enabling accurate analysis and quantification of enzymatic activities.

Bz-Gly-D-Lys-OH is a chemiluminescent substrate used for the detection of peroxidase, catalase, and other oxidoreductases. It is a high purity, high quality product that can be used in a variety of applications. This product has been shown to have an activity of approximately 10% at pH 4.0 and 100% at pH 8.0. Bz-Gly-D-Lys-OH has been tested for its ability to produce chemiluminescence in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and luminol. This product is still undergoing environmental testing and should not be used as a food additive or dietary supplement without further authorization from the FDA.

6'-(Diethylamino)spiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-[9H]xanthen]-3'-yl b-D-glucopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate that is used in diagnostic applications. It has been shown to be a useful ligand for the determination of enzyme activity, and it can also be used to detect bacterial culture media contaminants. 6'-(Diethylamino)spiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-[9H]xanthen]-3'-yl b-D-glucopyranoside is used as an enzyme substrate in chemiluminescent assays, and with other reagents, it can be used for the detection of environmental contaminants. This product has a CAS number of 55426-02-8 and can be found on the website www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product

Chromogenic substrate for aryl-sulfatase. Yields a blue precipitate upon cleavage.

4-Methylumbelliferyl phosphocholine (4MUPC) is a synthetic phenacyl ester that is used in the study of phospholipid metabolism. It binds to the enzyme phosphodiesterase, which is found in mammalian cells and has been shown to be activated by sodium taurocholate. This compound can be used to detect the presence of this enzyme in cell cultures. 4MUPC binds to a type strain of Clostridium perfringens, allowing it to be identified as a member of this species. The binding affinity is also strong enough for the detection of quinacrine-resistant strains of Clostridium perfringens. 4MUPC also binds to a monoclonal antibody that recognizes phosphatases, which are enzymes that hydrolyze phosphate esters and are involved in lipid metabolism.

L-Glutamic acid gamma-(4-nitroanilide) monohydrochloride is a fluorescent substrate for various enzymes. It is used in the detection of aminopeptidase and dipeptidase activity, as well as in the determination of ATPase activity. L-Glutamic acid gamma-(4-nitroanilide) monohydrochloride is also used in fluorogenic assays for the detection of phosphate, pyruvate, pyrophosphate and sulfite. This product has been tested by both enzyme and cell culture methods to ensure high purity and quality. L-Glutamic acid gamma-(4-nitroanilide) monohydrochloride is not intended for use in diagnostics, food testing or bioluminescence reactions.

4-Nitrophenyl palmitate is a lipase-sensitive chromogenic substrate commonly used in the study of lipase and esterase activity. Its hydrolysis by lipases produces a yellow 4-nitrophenol, which can be easily detected spectrophotometrically, offering a quantitative measure of enzyme activity. This substrate is widely utilized in the screening of lipase-producing microorganisms and the optimization of enzyme-catalyzed reactions in various fields, including biotechnology and pharmaceutical research.

4-Methylumbelliferyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate for alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase. After enzymatic cleaveage, free 4-methylumbelliferone (also known as hymecromone) is released, exhibiting blue fluorescence upon excitation with UV light. The strongest fluorescence of 4-methylumbelliferone requires deprotonation of the hydroxyl group (thus requires alkaline pH), with a maximal fluorescence intensity obtained with excitation at 350 to 370 nm and emission at 440 to 470 nm. The use of 4-methylumbelliferyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranosideas a substrate for measuring the alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity is used for Sanfilippo syndrome B screening and mucopolysaccharidosis diagnosis.

4-Nitrophenyl 2,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-3-O (2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-a-D-glucopyranoside is a chemiluminescent substrate that can be used for the detection of aminoglycosides in biological fluids. It is a high purity and high quality product with CAS No. 482743. The product has been tested for safety and purity using culture media and environmental testing. This product may be used as a bioluminescence substrate to detect the presence of aminoglycosides in samples such as urine, serum or plasma. 4NTPAGDG is also useful as a fluorogenic substrate for diagnostics and enzyme substrates for food testing.

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Selenium analogue of firefly luciferin with red-shifted bioluminescence

Aldol® 518 myo-inositol-1-phosphate is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of phosphatidyl-inositol specific phospholipase C activity (PI-PLC, EC 4.6.1.13). The colorless enzyme substrate is cleaved by PI-PLC or PI-PLC-positive microorganisms grown in liquid or solid media, yielding an intense red coloration. In combination with Aldol® 355 fluorescence enhancer, red fluorescence can also obtained. Aldol® 518 myo-inositol-1-phosphate is suitable for use in liquid and solid media, under aerobic as well as anaerobic conditions.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl choline phosphate is a synthetic enzyme substrate for detecting phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C.

4-Nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4,6-O-benzylidene-b-D-glucopyranoside is a fluorescent substrate for beta amylase and other glycosidases. It has been used as a fluorogenic substrate for food testing and as a chromogenic substrate for environmental testing. 4NPB has also been used in diagnostic applications such as enzyme substrates, ligands, and chemiluminescent substrates. This product is of high purity and quality with a conjugate that can be used in biotechnology applications.

4-nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-3-O-[2-O-(2,3,4-tri-O-benzoyl-a-L-fucopyranosyl)-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl -D -galactopyranosyl]-2 deoxy 6 O trityl b D glucopyranoside is a chemiluminescent substrate that can be used in biochemical assays. It reacts with oxygen to produce light when it is excited by a UV or blue light source. This product has been tested for purity and quality by HPLC analysis and spectroscopy.

Chromogenic substrate for esterase with C9 activity yielding a lapis colored precipitate upon cleavage.

4-Methylumbelliferyl beta-D-gentiotrioside is a fluorogenic substrate for beta-glucosidase. After enzymatic cleaveage, free 4-methylumbelliferone (also known as hymecromone) is released, exhibiting blue fluorescence upon excitation with UV light. The strongest fluorescence of 4-methylumbelliferone requires deprotonation of the hydroxyl group (thus requires alkaline pH), with a maximal fluorescence intensity obtained with excitation at 350 to 370 nm and emission at 440 to 470 nm. The use of 4-methylumbelliferyl beta-D-gentiotriosideas a substrate for measuring the beta-glucosidase activity is used for Gaucher disease screening.

4-Methylumbelliferyl nonanoate is a fluorogenic substrate for lipase. After enzymatic cleaveage, free 4-methylumbelliferone (also known as hymecromone) is released, exhibiting blue fluorescence upon excitation with UV light. The strongest fluorescence of 4-methylumbelliferone requires deprotonation of the hydroxyl group (thus requires alkaline pH), with a maximal fluorescence intensity obtained with excitation at 350 to 370 nm and emission at 440 to 470 nm. The use of 4-methylumbelliferyl nonanoateas a substrate for measuring the lipase activity is used for the detection of lipase deficiency that could lead to pancreatic insufficiency.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl myristate is a chemiluminescent substrate that can be used in the detection of peroxide. It reacts with hydrogen peroxide to emit light, which can be detected using a luminometer. 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl myristate is also used for the detection of bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, by staining. The compound is also used for diagnostic tests to identify diseases such as tuberculosis. 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3 indoxyl myristate is soluble in organic solvents and water, not toxic, and has a high purity level.

4-Nitrophenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-a-D-galactopyranoside is a chemiluminescent substrate that is used as a fluorescence indicator for the detection of β-galactosidase activities. This substrate has been shown to be useful for the detection of β-galactosidase in various types of samples such as culture media, environmental testing and food testing. 4NPTAG can also be used to detect β-galactosidase activity using fluorogenic substrates or chromogenic substrates. The enzyme activity can be detected by measuring the change in absorbance at 410 nm and the increase in luminescence at 460 nm.

L-2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-a-D-glucopyranoside is a chemiluminescent substrate for the detection of aminoglycoside antibiotics. It can be used to determine the concentration of aminoglycosides in blood, urine, and serum. The chemiluminescence reaction is dependent on the presence of oxygen. This product has been shown to have a high quality and purity with environmental testing and staining properties. L-2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy--a--D--glucopyranoside has also been shown to bind ligands such as porphyrins, bilirubin, or hemin with bioluminescence or chromogenic substrates in diagnostics or culture media for food testing. L--2--Chloro--4--

4-Nitrophenyl b-D-galactopyranoside hydrate is a water-soluble pNP-based enzyme substrate ideal for quantifying b-galactosidase activity in a variety of sample types. This chromogenic substrate features a unique hydrate composition, which allows for enhanced solubility and stability when compared to standard pNP-galactosides. With its high sensitivity and robust performance, this substrate is widely used in biotechnology, biochemistry, and molecular biology fields, including the investigation of enzyme kinetics, characterization of glycoside hydrolase specificity, and assessment of gene expression levels.

6-Chloro-3-indoxyl-beta-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester is a chemiluminescent substrate that is used to measure the activity of enzymes in the beta-galactosidase family. This product is a white crystalline solid that dissolves in water and ethanol. 6-Chloro-3-indoxyl-beta-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester has been shown to be stable for at least two years when stored at -20°C. It can be used for diagnostic purposes, such as the detection of bacterial infections, or as an enzyme substrate in biochemistry studies.

Used for asymmetric ketone reduction into chiral alcohols

Fluorogenic substrate for β-galactosidase

Chromogenic substrate for carboxylesterase yielding a blue precipitate upon cleavage.

Coelenterazine h is a coelenteramide derivative that is used as a substrate for bioluminescence signal. It is an effective activator of the light-producing enzyme, luciferase, and has been used to study calcium-dependent regulatory pathways.

This Clips-O substrate 7-(4'-L-Alaninamido)-rac-(3'-octanoyloxy)butyloxy) coumarin allows the detection of three enzymatic activities (L-alanine aminopeptidase, C8-esterase and oxidation of 4-amino-3-hydroxybutyloxy either enzymatically or by exposure to sodium periodate) with one single substrate and give a positive fluorescent signal only in presence of all activities. The main virtues of Clips-O substrates are an increased stability towards non-enzymatic hydrolysis that results in a reduced background and high sensitivity.

Chromogenic substrate for phosphatase

4-Nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-6-O-trityl-b-D-glucopyranoside offers unmatched versatility as a chromogenic pNP substrate for detecting b-D-glucopyranosidase activity. The substrate is specifically designed to produce a yellow 4-nitrophenol product upon enzyme hydrolysis, which can be measured using absorbance spectroscopy. The unique tritylated glucopyranoside group ensures improved compound stability and selectivity while providing ease of handling. This versatile substrate is ideal for a broad range of biochemical, research, and diagnostic applications.

Luciferin-beta-D-glucuronide, dipotassium salt, is a bioluminescent substrate for beta-glucuronidase (GUS). It is used in various fields, including biomedical research, diagnostics, and imaging.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl a-D-maltopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate used to detect the specific enzymatic activity of alpha-glucosidase. After cleavage, 5-bromo-4-chloro-indoxyl is released, resulting in a blue to blue-green color change in bacterial colonies or media. 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl a-D-maltopyranoside is used in Pompe disease screening and glycogen storage disorder diagnosis.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl oleate is a fluorescent substrate that is used for staining and enzyme substrate. It is a conjugate that is used in environmental testing, food testing, and diagnostics. 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl oleate has a CAS number of 341972-97-2 and its molecular weight is 229.5 g/mol. It's purity is > 98%, with a specific optical rotation of +147° (c=1, CHCl3). This compound can be used as a chromogenic or fluorogenic substrate in bioluminescence assays. 5BRIO3 has been shown to be an excellent ligand for the detection of DNA polymerase I activity.

6-Chloro-3-indoxyl-α-D-mannopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate that is used in the detection of β-galactosidase activity. It can be used to detect the presence of bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Klebsiella. This product is a conjugate of 6-chloro-3-indoxyl-β-D-galactopyranoside and α,α'-diphenyl-. The product has high purity and high quality.

Stability Hygroscopic Applications Standard anti-malarial drug. Substrate for MRP in multidrug resistant cell line and inhibits photoaffinity labelling of MRP by quinoline-based photoactive drug IAAQ. It is a COVID19-related research product. References Luthman, H., et al.: Nucleic Acids Res., 11, 1295 (1983), Vezmar, M., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 56, 733 (1998), Krajewski, W.A., et al.: J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn., 16, 1097 (1999),

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Chromogenic α-maltosidase substrate yielding a yellow solution upon cleavage.

Chromogenic substrate specific for α-D-mannosidase. Yields a blue precipitate upon cleavage. Identification of Listeria species.

Aldol® 515 beta-D-galactopyranoside is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of beta-galactosidase activity. The colorless enzyme substrate is cleaved by lactose-utilizing bacteria in liquid or solid media, yielding intense red color as well as red fluorescence when a fluorescence enhancer or a suitable matrix is present. Aldol® 518 beta-D-galactopyranoside can also be used in beta-gal reporter gene assays or for identification of beta-gal positive transformants on agar plates. Aldol® 515 beta-D-galactopyranoside can be used under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

Luc-B.cereus Na is a chemiluminescent substrate that is used for diagnostic purposes. This substrate emits light in the presence of peroxide and can be detected by a luminometer or photomultiplier tube. Luc-B.cereus Na is a high purity, high quality, and chemically stable product that can be stored at room temperature for up to one year. It has been tested for use with a wide variety of organisms such as bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses. Luc-B.cereus Na reacts with peroxide to produce light and is an excellent choice for use in diagnostics because it does not require any additional chemicals.

Bacillus cereus is a rod-shaped β hemolytic bacterium commonly found in food and soil. Some strains can be associated with food intoxications, mainly from raw meat and poultry products. One example is the so called “fried rice syndrome”, that occurs when dishes containing cooked rice are left for several hours at room temperature. Typical symptoms of the infection include severe nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Some strains of Bacillus cereus on the contrary are not harmful at all and they are used as probiotics food additives in animal farming to reduce the presence of other pathogens like Salmonella in the cecum end intestine. Bacillus cereus expresses phosphatidyl-choline specific phospholipase C (PC-PLC), encoded by the plc gene, which is regulated by PlcR. In addition, the expression of PlcR is dependent on the growth medium. Luc-B.cereus Na (L-8275) is a synthetic chemiluminescent substrate for the phosphatidyl-choline specific phospholipase C. The enzyme cleaves off phosphocholine from L-8275, leading to the release of D-Luc, and consequent strong light emission B. cereus culture exhibited strong luminescence, while RLU values were much lower for samples with B. thuringiensis.

Luciferin-caprylate is a substrate for chemiluminescence, which is the light produced by a chemical reaction. It has been shown to have high quality and environmental testing as well as being a ligand for bioluminescence. Luciferin-caprylate can be used for diagnostics in the areas of culture media, food testing, and enzyme substrate. This compound can also be used as a fluorogenic substrate or conjugate.

Fluorogenic substrate for detection of β-D-mannosidase.

Monofluoresceinated mannitol is a fluorescently labeled form of mannitol. It is used as a tracer for metabolism studies.

This Clips-O substrate 7-((4'-L-Alaninamido)-rac-3'-hydroxybutyloxy) coumarin allows the detection of single and dual enzymatic activity (L-alanine aminopetidase and oxidation of 4-amino-3-hydroxybutyloxy spacer either enzymatically or by exposure to sodium periodate) with a single substrate resulting in a fluorescent signal. The main virtues of Clips-O substrates are an increased stability towards non-enzymatic hydrolysis that results in a reduced background and high sensitivity.

4-Nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-3-O-(2-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-4,6-di-O-acetyl-2deoxy--aDgalactopyranoside is a substrate for enzymes such as beta galactosidase and alpha amylase. It can be used for the detection of these enzymes in biological samples, including culture media and body fluids. 4NPAG has also been used as a chromogenic substrate to measure the activity of NADH oxidase in neutrophils. 4NPAG is fluorescent in aqueous solution and can be used to detect bioluminescence reactions.

6-Bromo-2-naphthyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate used for the detection of chitinase activity. Upon hydrolysis by chitinase, it releases a yellow-brown color, which is easily detected by spectrophotometry. This substrate has been used to study chitinases in various organisms, including bacteria, fungi, and insects. It can also be used to quantitate chitinase activity in various biological samples.

The Aldol® 470 N-tosyl-L-alanine ester is a high purity, high quality fluorogenic substrate for the enzyme alkaline phosphatase. It is a conjugate of the tosyl group with L-alanine and has been used as a fluorogenic substrate in various food testing applications. The Aldol® 470 N-tosyl-L-alanine ester also has several other uses including in diagnostic methods, culture media, and enzyme substrates.

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