Chromogenic Substrates

Chromogenic substrate for ?-glucosidase

6-Chloro-1H-indol-3-yl b-D-mannopyranoside is an enzyme substrate that is used in the fluorogenic and chromogenic assays for detecting indoleamines. This compound has a conjugate, which is a fluorescent molecule that can be attached to an antibody to target specific proteins or cells. 6-Chloro-1H-indol-3-yl b-D-mannopyranoside is used as a diagnostic agent in the detection of bacterial and fungal infections. It is also used as an indicator of cell growth in culture media.

2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranoside is a synthetic substrate for various enzymes, including the enzymes that catalyze the conversion of D-glucose to glucose 6 phosphate. This compound is used as a growth factor and has been shown to inhibit chronic kidney disease in rats. In addition, it has also been shown to regulate matrix metalloproteinase activity in human urine.

1-Naphthyl beta-D-glucuronide (NPG) is a chromogenic enzyme substrate used to detect the presence of β-glucuronidase activity. Upon hydrolysis by the enzyme, it produces a yellow product that can be detected by spectrophotometry or visually. It is commonly used in clinical assays to detect the presence of the enzyme in urine samples, as elevated levels can indicate liver or urinary tract diseases. It is also utilized in environmental testing, as some bacteria strains can produce the enzyme as a by-product, making NPG a useful tool for detecting these strains in contaminated water or food sources.

Chlorophenol red beta-D-galactopyranoside sodium salt is a water soluble, colorless salt that is used as a substrate for the reduction of contaminants in soil and water. It can be used to measure the activity of microorganisms in the environment and has been shown to inhibit growth of certain bacteria, such as methylotrophic bacteria. Chlorophenol red beta-D-galactopyranoside sodium salt is also used in biological treatment systems. This product can be mixed with other substances in order to regulate the microbial population and reduce nutrients.

6-Chloro-3-indolyl b-D-cellobioside is a chromogenic substrate that produces a salmon-pink color after enzymatic cleavage. It is used for detecting the activity of beta-D-cellobiosidase in enzyme assays.

3-Indoxyl sulfate potassium salt (3ISKP) is a microbial metabolite that has been shown to have an optimum concentration in the range of 0.5-2.0 mM. It is water soluble, and can be found in human serum and human feces. 3ISKP is synthesized from tryptophan by gut bacteria as well as from dietary sources such as soybean protein. 3ISKP has been shown to inhibit mitochondrial membrane potential, which may lead to apoptosis of cells or inhibition of physiological function. 3ISKP also inhibits fatty acid synthesis, which may affect the metabolism of other nutrients. The analytical method for 3ISKP is LC-MS/MS with a reaction solution containing methanol and acetonitrile in a ratio of 1:1 with a pH range of 4-5.

5-Bromo-6-chloro-3-indolyl b-D-cellobiopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate for the enzyme β-glucuronidase. It is used in diagnostic applications such as food testing, bacterial culture media and environmental testing. The product has CAS number: 123591-77-0.

Also known as BCIP; can be used for visualization of phosphatase labelled antibodies on Western blots. This method quickly became extremely popular in diagnostics and biology research.

Chromogenic substrate for N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase yielding a blue precipitate. Contained in certain mycological culture media. Used in histochemistry.

4-Nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranoside is an extracellular nucleic acid molecule that is produced by the bacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum. This compound has been shown to inhibit cancer cells by blocking the transport of glucose through the cell membrane and may be a potential drug target for cancer treatment. 4NPTAPG has also been shown to have diagnostic properties and can identify corynebacterium glutamicum strains. It is a fluorescent molecule that can be used to detect the presence of this bacterium in culture media.

2-Nitrophenyl-1-thio-beta-D-galactopyranoside is a nitroaryl compound that can be synthesized from beta-D-galactopyranosides and nitric acid. It has a molecular conformation that is stabilized by hydrogen bonds, which allows it to form supramolecular assemblies with other molecules. The nitro group in this molecule is responsible for the formation of the nitro group in 1,2,4,5,-tetranitrobenzene.

4-Nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-3-O-(3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-2-deoxy -a -D -galactopyranoside is a Fluorogenic substrate that is used in the detection of beta glucuronidase activity. It can be used for food testing, staining, environmental testing and chromogenic substrate for diagnostic purposes. It has a CAS number of 184840-55-9 and is available in high purity and quality. 4NPPAG is an enzyme substrate that is used to measure the amount of beta glucuronidase activity in culture media by chemiluminescence or bioluminescence.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl a-D-mannopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate used to detect the specific enzymatic activity of alpha-mannosidase. After cleavage, 5-bromo-4-chloro-indoxyl is released, resulting in a blue to blue-green color change in bacterial colonies or media. 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl a-D-mannopyranoside is used in alpha-mannosidosis diagnosis and other lysosomal storage disorder.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl phosphate, p-toluidine salt - micronized is a chemiluminescent substrate used in diagnostic assays. It is an enzyme substrate that is commonly used to detect peroxidase activity and has been shown to be effective in detecting various types of bacteria. This product is a high quality chemical with a purity of at least 98% and has been tested for environmental safety. 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl phosphate, p-toluidine salt - micronized can be used as a fluorogenic substrate for the detection of proteases and aminopeptidases.

5-Bromo-4-Chloro-3-Indolyl b-D-Mannopyranoside, also known as X-Man, is an enzyme substrate commonly used for detecting mannosidase enzymes. Upon hydrolysis by the enzyme, it produces a blue-green colored compound that can be detected visually or measured spectrophotometrically. This substrate is useful in characterizing the activity of mannosidases involved in glycoprotein processing and quality control.

Butyl 4-nitrophenyl hexyl phosphonate is a lipase suicide inhibitor that is a chromogenic substrate for lipases which upon enzymatic action, binds irreversibly to the lipase and inactivates it. The substrate can be used for the determination of active sites in lipases, especially in lipases preferring long chain leaving groups.

Aldol 491 acetate is a food and environmental testing chemical, which can be used for the detection of bacteria. Aldol 491 acetate provides a chromogenic substrate for the detection of enzymes and can be used as a substrate in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) procedures. Aldol 491 acetate also has chemiluminescent properties and can be used as a fluorogenic substrate.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-1-acetate is a chromogenic substrate used to detect the specific enzymatic activity of esterase. After cleavage, 5-bromo-4-chloro-indoxyl is released, resulting in a blue to blue-green color change in bacterial colonies or media. 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-1-acetate is used in bacterial esterase activity assays (e.g. Pseudomonas spp.).

6-Chloro-3-indoxyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate for beta-galactosidase that yields a salmon or rose-coloured precipitate and hence is also known as Salmon-Gal. It can be used in conjunction with isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) as an alternative to the chromogenic substrate 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-D-galactopyranoside (X-Gal) for detection of beta-galactosidase activity in bacterial colonies in colorimetric assays. Where beta-galactosidase expressed from a reporter gene in molecular biology experiments, recombinant colonies on growth plates are salmon-coloured while non-recombinants appear as white. Use of nitroblue tetrazolium salt (NBT) with Salmon-Gal may provide faster results, yielding a clear, purple precipitate, than for Salmon-Gal alone. In conjunction with 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-D-glucoside (X-Glc), Salmon-Gal is useful for simultaneous detection of GUS and Lac activities in the same medium.

Chromogenic substrate for ?-glucanase

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl b-D-lactopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate used to detect the specific enzymatic activity of beta-galactosidase. After cleavage, 5-bromo-4-chloro-indoxyl is released, resulting in a blue to blue-green color change in bacterial colonies or media. 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl b-D-lactopyranoside is used in lactose intolerance screening.

2-O-(4-Nitrophenyl)-a-D-N-acetylneuraminic acid, also known as p-nitrophenyl N-acetylneuraminic acid, is a chromogenic substrate specifically designed for the detection and quantification of neuraminidase (sialidase) activity. Upon cleavage by neuraminidase, it releases a yellow-colored product, 4-nitrophenol, which can be easily monitored spectrophotometrically at 405 nm. This substrate is widely used in various applications, including enzyme kinetics studies, inhibitor screening, and the determination of neuraminidase activity in biological samples such as viruses, bacteria, and cell lysates. It is particularly useful for studying the enzymatic properties of neuraminidases from different sources and for the development of novel antiviral and antibacterial agents targeting neuraminidase activity.

4-Nitrophenyl 4,6-ethylidene-?-D-maltoheptaoside is a substrate used in a reference measurement method for ?-amylase activity in the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis, approved by the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC). The substrate is hydrolysed by serum ?-amylase into shorter 4-nitrophenylated oligosaccharides and their free counterparts. These reaction products are channeled into an indicator reaction with ?-glucosidase and are degraded into glucose and the chromophore, 4-nitrophenol.

5-Bromo-6-chloro-3-indolyl sulfate potassium salt is a fluorogenic substrate that can be used for food testing. It is a conjugate of 5-bromo-6-chloroindolylsulfate and potassium, which is dissolved in buffer solution. This product can also be used as a chromogenic substrate in environmental testing, an enzyme substrate in diagnostics, and a ligand for bioluminescence. It has high purity and quality, and can be used for chemiluminescence or bioluminescence. The CAS number for this product is 6581-24-4.

Chromogenic substrate for ?-galactosidase

Chromogenic substrate targeting alpha-D-galactosidase

5-Nitro-3-indolyl-b-D-galactopyranoside is a substrate for a number of enzymes, including beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, and beta-mannosidase. It is used as an enzyme substrate in diagnostics to measure the activity of these enzymes. 5N3IG was also used to study the effects of conjugation on enzyme activity. 5N3IG is available in high purity and high quality at CAS No.

Aldol® 467 N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of ?-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase activity. The colorless enzyme substrate is cleaved in the presence of ?-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase yielding development of a yellow product. In addition, green fluorescence is generated when a suitable matrix or Aldol® 355 fluorescence enhancer is present. Aldol® 467 N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide amide can be used in enzymatic assays or in live bacterial cultures. Aldol® 467 N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide is suitable for use in liquid and solid media, under aerobic as well as anaerobic conditions.

3-indolyl-N-methyl a-D-arabinopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate for the detection of beta-galactosidase. It also has been used as a chromogenic substrate for the detection of beta-glucuronidase. This product can be conjugated to an enzyme and used in enzyme substrates for the detection of beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, and other enzymes. 3-indolyl-N-methyl a-D-arabinopyranoside is also commonly used in culture media to detect bacteria and yeast.

4-Nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-3-O-acetyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-2-deoxy-aDglucopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate that can be used for the detection of β-glucosidase activity. It is a water soluble substrate with an extinction coefficient of approximately 10,000 M−1 cm−1 at 420 nm. 4NPAABGDG is a chromogenic substrate that can be used to detect β-galactosidase activity. It has an extinction coefficient of approximately 1,700 M−1 cm−1 at 420 nm. The CAS number for 4NPAABGDG is 23262-56-8 and it is sold by Sigma Aldrich under catalog number L4959.

5-Bromo-3-indolyl a-D-mannopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate that is used as an enzyme substrate for various spectrophotometric, fluorometric, or chemiluminescent assays. The 5-bromo group of the dye reacts with the active site of an enzyme to form a product that can be measured by spectrophotometry. This product can also be used as a fluorescent indicator in the presence of luciferase and ATP. 5-Bromo-3-indolyl a-D-mannopyranoside is also used to estimate bacterial counts during culture media preparation and it has been shown to inhibit the growth of Gram negative bacteria such as E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This compound does not contain any heavy metals or toxic substances and it is highly soluble in water. It has been found to have no adverse effects on humans and other animals at concentrations up to 100

Aldol® 467 beta-D-galactopyranoside is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of beta-galactosidase activity. The colorless product is cleaved by lactose-utilizing bacteria grown in liquid or solid media, yielding yellow coloration and green fluorescence. Aldol® 467 beta-D-galactopyranoside can also be used in beta-galactosidase gene reporter assays or immunoassay applications (ELISA). Aldol® 467 beta-D-galactopyranoside can be used under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

A substrate for visualising alkaline phosphatase activity. It produces a purple insoluble end product that is detected visually, when used together with nitroblue tetrazolium. The substrate system is versatile and has functions in a variety of applications, including Northern, Southern, and Western blotting, in situ hybridization, ELISAs, microarray and immunohistochemistry. DMF soluble.

Histamine (Scombrotoxin) fish poisoning is the most frequent cause of fish poisoning incidents today. Cymit Quimica's BCM®; Histamine-producingbacteria Broth (C-0450) is a growth medium for the detection of histamine-producing bacteria in food and water samples. The medium contains an indicator that turns orange to red due to metabolites released by histidine decarboxylase.

6-Chloro-1H-indol-3-yl octanoate is a fluorogenic substrate that can be used to detect enzymes such as phosphatases, lipases, esterases, and proteases. 6-Chloro-1H-indol-3-yl octanoate is a ligand for metal ions such as Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II). This product has high purity and quality. It is an enzyme substrate for many enzymes such as phosphatases, lipases, esterases, and proteases. This product can be used in diagnostics of various substances including food testing, environmental testing and staining. 6CIO is a chromogenic substrate that can be used to detect bioluminescence reactions. 6CIO is CAS No. 159954-35-5.

2-Nitrophenyl 2,3-di-O-acetyl-b-D-xylopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate used to assay the activity of xylosidase enzymes. It is hydrolyzed by xylosidase to yield a yellow-colored product, 2-nitrophenol, which absorbs light at 405 and 410 nm. This substrate is used in research to study the function of xylosidase enzymes and their role in various biological processes. It is also used in diagnostic tests for the detection of xylosidase activity in different microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi.

4-Nitrophenyl b-D-thiomannopyranoside acts as a substrate for β-mannosidase and thioglycoligase. Upon enzymatic cleavage, these substrates release 4-nitrophenol, a yellow chromophore that can be detected spectrophotometrically at 405 nm, facilitating quantitative measurements of enzymatic activity. Consequently, these substrates are widely used in biochemical research, clinical diagnostics, and drug discovery for evaluating the function of specific enzymes in various biological processes.

Aldol® 484 alpha-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate for alpha-glucosidase activity (EC 3.2.1.20, alpha-1,4-glucosidase, also known as maltase). The colorless enzyme substrate is cleaved by bacteria producing this enzyme in liquid or solid media, yielding orange color. Green fluorescence is also generated if a suitable matrix is present such as: cellulose acetate filters, polypropylene tubes or microplates and polyethylene vials. Aldol® 484 alpha-D-glucopyranoside can be used under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.