Chromogenic Substrates

N-Benzoyl-Val-Gly-Arg p-nitroanilide hydrochloride is a fluorogenic substrate that can be used for the detection of β-glucuronidase. It has been shown to have high purity and quality, which makes it an excellent choice for use in food testing and staining.

4-Nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-3-O-(2-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-4,6-di-O-acetyl-2deoxy--aDgalactopyranoside is a substrate for enzymes such as beta galactosidase and alpha amylase. It can be used for the detection of these enzymes in biological samples, including culture media and body fluids. 4NPAG has also been used as a chromogenic substrate to measure the activity of NADH oxidase in neutrophils. 4NPAG is fluorescent in aqueous solution and can be used to detect bioluminescence reactions.

Naphthol AS-BI sulphate potassium salt is a modified naphtol AS substrate used for alkaline and acid phosphatase.

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Aldol® 515 nonanoate hydrochloride is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate for detection of lipase activity. The colorless product is cleaved by C9 esterases produced by bacteria in liquid or solid media, yielding a red color and red fluorescence when Aldol® 355 fluorescence enhancer or a suitable matrix is present. Aldol® 515 nonanoate can be used under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Well detectable color/fluorescence of bacterial colonies or liquid cultures is obtained within 24-48 h. In the presence of a purified lipase, color and fluorescence develops within minutes to few hours.

Aldol® 484 alpha-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate for ?-glucosidase activity (EC 3.2.1.20, ?-1,4-glucosidase, also known as maltase). The colorless enzyme substrate is cleaved by bacteria producing this enzyme in liquid or solid media, yielding orange color. Green fluorescence is also generated if a suitable matrix is present such as: cellulose acetate filters, polypropylene tubes or microplates and polyethylene vials. Aldol® 484 alpha-D-glucopyranoside can be used under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

5-Bromo-6-chloro-3-indolyl caprylate (or magenta caprylate) is a chromogenic substrate which can be used for the detection of esterase enzyme activity from Salmonella and some Klebsiella and Enterobacter. The esterase cleaves the ester bond in the substrate, releasing 5-bromo-6-chloro-1H-indol-3-ol which undergoes oxidative dimerization to form 5,5'-dibromo-6,6'-dicholoro-indigo, a magenta coloured chromophore (λmax 565nm). This product is patent pending, as polymorphs of this product can have different physicochemical properties and can improve solubility and stability. Cymit Quimica is able to product high quality, stable product to detect esterase enzyme activity.

Chromogenic substrate for beta-glucuronidase

Aldol® 518 alpha-D-glucopyranoside is a fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of alpha-D-glucosidase activity. The colorless enzyme substrate is cleaved by alpha-D-glucosidase, generating red fluorescent signal and in some conditions, an orange colour in the visible spectrum can get formed, staining bacterial colonies in faint orange coloration. Aldol® 518 alpha-D-glucopyranoside can be used under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

BIOSYNTH Culture Medium for the isolation andidentification of Escherichia coli O157:H7

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl myristate is a chromogenic substrate used to detect the specific enzymatic activity of lipase or esterase. After cleavage, 5-bromo-4-chloro-indoxyl is released, resulting in a blue to blue-green color change in bacterial colonies or media. 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl myristate is used in screening assays for pancreatic lipase deficiency and lipid metabolism studies.

The 4-Nitrophenyl 2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-6-O-(a-D-glucopyranosyl)-a-D-glucopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate for β-galactosidase. This product has high purity and quality and is an enzyme substrate for β-galactosidase. The 4NPG2,3,4TRA can be used as a diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of bacterial infections. It is also used in the food testing industry and environmental testing industry. This product has CAS No.: 51743-71-1. This product is also a ligand that reacts with the enzyme β-galactosidase to produce light in chemiluminescence reactions. This product can be used for staining or bioluminescence applications.

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4-Fluoro-2-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside, a fluorinated analog of ONPG, is a chromogenic enzyme substrate specifically used to detect beta-galactosidase in bacterial media. 4-Fluoro-2-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside is used in Lactose intolerance screening, bacterial beta-galactosidase detection (E. coli)

4-Nitrophenyl 6-O-(b-D-galactopyranosyl)-b-D-galactopyranoside is a fluorescent substrate that is used in diagnostics and culture media. It can be used to detect the presence of aminoglycoside antibiotics, such as gentamicin, by using the fluorogenic or chromogenic reaction. 4NP6BG has been shown to bind to the beta subunit of RNA polymerase and inhibit transcription, which can be useful for testing environmental samples for the presence of aminoglycosides. 4NP6BG is a high quality product with a CAS number of 80321-98-8.

For the detection of beta-galactosidase activity

Histochemical substrate for esterase

5-Bromo-6-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl-a-D-mannopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate that yields a magenta-colored product after cleavage. The chromophore 5-bromo-6-chloro-indoxyl is released, generating the observable color. It is used in lysosomal storage disorder screening.

Aldol® 518 beta-D-cellobioside is a chromogenic substrate for the detection of glycosidases. Aldol® 518 beta-D-cellobioside reacts with enzymes such as alpha-amylase, beta-galactosidase, and alpha-glucosidase to produce a fluorescent product. This product is detected by spectrophotometer, fluorometer, or luminometer. The fluorescence intensity is proportional to the concentration of the enzyme in the sample. It has been shown that Aldol® 518 beta-D-cellobioside can be used as a substitute for conventional substrates in food testing and diagnostics, such as staining and culture media. It also has applications in environmental testing and enzyme substrate assays.

X-Gal is a chromogenic substrate for β-galactosidase, yielding a blue precipitate. X-Gal is an indicator for coliforms in culture media, as well as for the detection of coliforms (E. coli ) in municipal water supplies and food products. X-Gal can be used in conjunction with the inducer IPTG, which binds and inhibits the lac repressor thus inducing beta;-galactosidase expression. X-Gal is the substrate of choice for blue-white selection of recombinant bacterial colonies with the lac+ genotype. Upon hydrolysis, X-Gal yields a localized, insoluble, blue precipitate, making it exceptionally useful in blotting, immunocytochemical, and ELISA assays. 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-beta;-D-galactopyranoside (X-beta;-D-galactoside, X-Gal) is a chromogenic indicator for beta;-galactosidase activity. The colorless product is cleaved by lactose-utilizing bacteria in liquid media or on agar plates and yields a blue-green colored precipitate. X-Gal can also be used as a detecting agent for beta;-galactosidase activity in reporter gene assays or for identification of positive transformants on agar plates when using the α-complementation approach. Color formation is due to dimerization and oxidation of 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-hydroxyindole which results from enzymatic cleavage of X-Gal. The reaction proceeds only in the presence of oxygen, i.e. in aerobic cultures. Well detectable color bacterial colonies or liquid cultures is obtained within 16-48 h. In the presence of purified beta;-galactosidase, color develops within minutes to few hours.

Substrate detecting beta-glucosidase activity

Chromogenic substrate for α-D-glucosidase yielding a blue precipitate. It is used for the detection of, e.g. Staphylococcusaureus and Bacillus species, and for the isolation of Enterobactersakazakii e.g. from baby food. It is an indolyl carbohydrate that is the beta-D-glucoside of 3-hydroxy-1H-indole, in which the indole moiety is substituted at positions 4 and 5 by chlorine and bromine, respectively. The enzyme, beta-glucosidase cleaves the glycosidic bond to give 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-hydroxy-1H-indole, which immediately dimerises to give an intensely blue product.

For detection of beta-galactosidase activity.  The colors of the chromogen can be adjusted by incorporating different functional groups, e.g. cyano or nitro group, which yields purple or black green colonies with beta-galactosidase positive strain.

4-Nitrophenyl 4,6-benzylidene-2-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-[4-methoxybenzyl]-a-D-glucopyranosyl)-a-D-glucopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate that is used in diagnostic assays to measure the activity of enzymes such as β-galactosidase and β-glucuronidase. It is also an enzyme substrate for culture media and chemiluminescence. This product has a CAS number of 57316-92-8.

6-Chloro-3-indoxyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate for beta-galactosidase that yields a salmon or rose-coloured precipitate and hence is also known as Salmon-Gal. It can be used in conjunction with isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) as an alternative to the chromogenic substrate 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-D-galactopyranoside (X-Gal) for detection of beta-galactosidase activity in bacterial colonies in colorimetric assays. Where beta-galactosidase expressed from a reporter gene in molecular biology experiments, recombinant colonies on growth plates are salmon-coloured while non-recombinants appear as white. Use of nitroblue tetrazolium salt (NBT) with Salmon-Gal may provide faster results, yielding a clear, purple precipitate, than for Salmon-Gal alone. In conjunction with 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-D-glucoside (X-Glc), Salmon-Gal is useful for simultaneous detection of GUS and Lac activities in the same medium.

4-Nitrophenyl a-D-mannopyranoside is a chromogenic pNP enzyme substrate that enables the detection and quantification of a-D-mannosidase activity in various biological samples through a colorimetric assay. The hydrolysis of the substrate by the enzyme releases 4-nitrophenol, a yellow compound whose absorption can be measured spectrophotometrically. Applications for this substrate span biomedical research, disease diagnostics, and industrial enzyme production.

4-Nitrophenyl beta-L-arabinopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate for beta-L-arabinosidase. Upon hydrolysis, para-nitrophenol is released yielding a yellowish colour. 4-Nitrophenyl beta-L-arabinopyranoside is used in different applications such as the Bacterial arabinan degradation assays, gut microbiome analysis

N-(3-Sulfopropyl)-3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) sodium salt is a highly sensitive chromogenic substrate used for the detection and quantification of peroxidase enzyme activity. This water-soluble substrate undergoes a color change from colorless to blue upon oxidation by peroxidase enzymes in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The reaction can be stopped by adding an acid, resulting in a yellow color that can be measured spectrophotometrically. TMB sodium salt is widely used in various applications, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic tests, due to its high sensitivity, low background signal, and excellent stability.

6-Chloro-1H-indol-3-yl hexadecanoate is a chromogenic substrate for an enzyme that oxidizes it to produce a blue color. It can be used in the diagnosis of bacterial infections, such as tuberculosis and leprosy. 6CHIH is a ligand for various enzymes, including lactate dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to lactic acid. This compound reacts with oxygen to produce light in the presence of a catalyst. 6CHIH is also used as a fluorescent tag for protein labeling and detection. 6CHIH has been shown to be effective in detecting bacteria in food products and water samples using bioluminescence techniques. The high purity and quality of this compound make it suitable for use in diagnostics, culture media, and environmental testing.

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4-Nitrophenyl sulfate potassium salt is a chromogenic substrate for arylsulfatase. Upon hydrolysis, para-nitrophenol is released yielding a yellowish colour. 4-Nitrophenyl sulfate potassium salt is used in different applications such as the Metachromatic leukodystrophy diagnosis, sulfatase activity assays

2-(5'-Chloro-2'-hydroxyphenyl)-6-chloro-4(3H)-quinazolinonyl a-D-N-acetylgalactosamine is an inhibitor of bacterial cell wall synthesis. It has been shown to inhibit the enzymatic activity of beta-lactamase, which is an enzyme that breaks down beta-lactam antibiotics. 2-(5'-Chloro-2'-hydroxyphenyl)-6-chloro-4(3H)-quinazolinonyl a-D-N-acetylgalactosamine can be used for the treatment of infections caused by bacteria such as methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This compound has been shown to have low toxicity and does not cause any significant side effects in animals.

N-α-benzoyl-DL-arginine-4-nitroanilide hydrochloride is commonly used as a substrate in various enzymatic assays, particularly for studying proteases like trypsin and chymotrypsin. It serves as a synthetic substrate to measure the activity of these enzymes. For instance, it has been used to determine trypsin activity in different organisms and tissues. The substrate has also been employed in studying the enzymatic properties of various proteases, including those found in latex, snake venoms,  and plant seeds. Additionally, it has been utilized to assess the effects of different compounds on trypsin activity, such as condensed tannins and wine.

Aldol® 515 L-alanine amide is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of L-alanine aminopeptidase activity. The colorless enzyme substrate is cleaved by L-alanine aminopeptidase produced by microorganisms, grown in liquid or solid media yielding red color. In addition, red fluorescence is generated when a fluorescence enhancer or a suitable matrix is present. Aldol® 515 L-alanine amide can be used under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

Aldol 458 acetate is a synthetic chemical that is used in the food industry as an enzyme substrate and in diagnostic tests to measure the level of enzymes. Aldol 458 acetate is a ligand that binds to proteins, such as horseradish peroxidase and alkaline phosphatase, which are commonly used for detection of antibodies or other proteins. This product can be used as a culture medium additive for bacteria, fungi, and yeast. It can also be used for diagnostics and chemiluminescence reactions. Aldol 458 acetate has high purity and quality.

Substrate for horseradish peroxidase

Aldol® 484 beta-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of beta-glucosidase activity. The colorless enzyme substrate is cleaved by bacteria producing beta-glucosidase in liquid or solid media, yielding intense red color and green fluorescent signal. Aldol® 484 beta-D-glucopyranoside can be used under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic enzyme substrate used in the biochemical characterization of various enzymes. It produces a yellow color when cleaved by enzymes and is commonly used in assays to study enzyme kinetics and activity. It is commonly used is used to study the biochemical and physiological effects of glycosylation and acts as a substrate for glycosylation-dependent enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism. Glycosidases hydrolyse 2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl-2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, releasing 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl moiety, and the substrate can then be further metabolized by other enzymes. It is also used in the investigate the effects and activity on glycoproteins and glycolipids.

6-Chloro-3-indoxyl-3-acetate is a chromogenic substrate for carboxylesterase yielding a salmon colored precipitate upon cleavage. Mainly used in histochemistry.

Aldol 458 nonanoate solution (0.75 M) is a substrate for enzymes and ligands, which is used in various applications such as food testing, staining, fluorogenic substrate, environmental testing, chromogenic substrate and conjugate. Aldol 458 nonanoate solution (0.75 M) has high purity and is highly stable at pH 2-12. This product can be used as a chemiluminescence or bioluminescence substrate. The CAS number for this product is 2484873-15-4.

4-Nitrophenyl (N-acetyl-a-neuraminosyl)-(2,3)-O-b-D-galactopyranosyl-(1,3)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-galactopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate that is used in the detection of enzyme activity. It reacts with a specific enzyme to produce light. This product has been shown to be useful for detecting β -galactosidase, β -glucuronidase, α -mannosidase, and lactose permeases. The product is also used in the diagnosis of urinary tract infections and other diseases. This product is not intended for use in humans or animals.

4-Chloro-1-naphthol is a chemical compound that has been used in clinical pathology to identify human immunoglobulin. It is also used as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. 4-Chloro-1-naphthol binds to the amyloid fibrils and has anti-angiogenic effects in the hippocampus, which may be due to its ability to inhibit the formation of new blood vessels. This chemical compound can be used as a substrate molecule for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and is used in wastewater treatment.

4-Nitrophenyl 3-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate for alpha-glucosidase. Upon hydrolysis, para-nitrophenol is released yielding a yellowish colour. 4-Nitrophenyl 3-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside is used in different applications such as the Gaucher disease screening, carbohydrate metabolism studies

4-Nitrophenyl b-D-thiogalactopyranoside is a specialized chromogenic substrate designed for measuring the activity of thio-β-galactosidase enzymes. Upon cleavage by thio-β-galactosidase, it releases the intensely colored 4-nitrophenolate ion, providing a straightforward, sensitive, and quantitative detection method. This substrate is easily incorporated into enzyme-coupled assays, making it a reliable and convenient choice for research and diagnostic applications. With its rapid color development and high signal-to-background ratio, 4-Nitrophenyl b-D-thiogalactopyranoside is ideal for monitoring enzyme kinetics, substrate specificity evaluation, and inhibitor screening in a range of scientific and biotechnological settings.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl b-D-galactofuranoside is a chromogenic substrate used to detect the specific enzymatic activity of beta-D-galactofuranosidase. After cleavage, 5-bromo-4-chloro-indoxyl is released, resulting in a blue to blue-green color change in bacterial colonies or media. 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl b-D-galactofuranoside is used in assays for detecting bacterial pathogens (e.g., Mycobacterium tuberculosis).

2-Nitrophenyl-b-D-glucuronide is a chromogenic substrate used to detect the activity of beta-glucuronidase in various biological samples. Upon hydrolysis by the enzyme, the substrate releases 2-nitrophenol, which can be spectrophotometrically measured at 405 nm. The substrate is commonly used in clinical assays to evaluate liver and kidney function, as well as in drug metabolism studies. It is also used in environmental monitoring to assess the presence of microbial activity in soil and water samples. Overall, 2-Nitrophenyl-b-D-glucuronide is a widely used substrate with excellent sensitivity and specificity, making it a valuable tool in enzymology research and diagnostic testing.

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1-Naphthyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-galactopyranoside (1NADG) is a fluorogenic substrate that reacts with an enzyme to produce light. It is used in diagnostic tests for the detection of bacteria, and can be used as a chromogenic substrate in biochemical assays. 1NADG has also been shown to be useful in staining bacterial cells grown on agar plates. Additionally, this compound is used as a bioluminescent probe for detecting bacteria with luciferase activity. br>br>

Chromogenic substrate for carboxylesterase yielding a magenta precipitate upon cleavage. Mainly used in histochemistry.

Chromogenic substrate for aryl-sulfatase. Yields a blue precipitate upon cleavage.