Azúcares troncales y bases nucleicas

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5-Acetamido-6-amino-3-methyluracil hydrate (AAU) is a drug that is used as an analytical reagent in the determination of caffeine, 5-hydroxytryptophan, and other compounds. It can be used to assess interactions between drugs and enzyme activities. AAU has been shown to be a suitable substrate for many enzymes, including alcohol dehydrogenase, acetylcholinesterase, catalase, and glucose oxidase. The sample preparation procedure is performed by dissolving the compound in water or ethanol. The sample is then filtered before it is analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The chemical properties of AAU are such that it can be easily transported from one place to another without undergoing significant changes in physical properties. AAU has been shown to have no effect on biological samples when exposed to radiation. AAU has been widely studied for its use as a monoclon

2-Mercaptopurine (2MP) is a thiopurine drug that is used to treat bowel disease. 2MP inhibits the activity of methyltransferase, which is an enzyme that converts 6-mercaptopurine to 6-thioguanine. This process prevents the conversion of 6-thioguanine into 6-thiouric acid, which is an intermediate in the synthesis of thymine nucleotides. 2MP also inhibits the binding of atp-binding cassette transporter proteins to DNA and blocks the incorporation of purines into RNA and DNA. The drug has been shown to be effective in treating squamous cell carcinoma and other diseases with a high level of activity. 2MP has been shown to be metabolized by erythrocyte polymerase chain reaction and can be detected in biological samples.

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8-Aminopurine is an aminopurine that is used as a research tool in magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The proton magnetic resonance spectrum of 8-aminopurine shows two characteristic peaks at 3.0 and 4.2 ppm, which are assigned to the aminopurine tautomers (3-HPA, 4-HPA). The kinetic stability of 8-aminopurine in water is pH dependent and has been shown to be strongly dependent on the presence of aldehyde oxidase (AO) activity. AO activity can be inhibited by the addition of dimethylformamide or other non-specific inhibitors such as 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid.

Applications Protected Guanine. References Hakimelahi, G., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 44, 3710 (2001),

1-(2'-Tetrahydrothienyl)-5-Fluorouracil-1'-Oxide is a particle that is used as a contrast agent. It has been shown to bind to mesenchymal markers, such as transcription-polymerase chain and epidermal growth factor receptor. The acidic form of the drug is eliminated through dialysis. This active form of 1-(2'-Tetrahydrothienyl)-5-Fluorouracil-1'-Oxide has been shown to be effective in treating chronic pulmonary infections and infectious diseases, including angiogenic factors and body mass index. The mouse tumor model has shown that this drug inhibits malonic acid production by inhibiting the activity of enzymes such as pyruvate carboxylase, which converts malic acid into oxaloacetate. This leads to an accumulation of malonic acid in the tumor cells, eventually leading to cell death.

5-Ethyluracil is a nucleobase that is structurally similar to thymine. It inhibits the replication of human mitochondrial DNA and herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) by binding with the viral nucleic acid. 5-Ethyluracil has been shown to be an effective antiviral agent in clinical trials, where it was found to inhibit the replication of HSV-1 in both HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients. 5-Ethyluracil has also been shown to have an inhibitory effect on mammalian cells and has been used for treatment of certain types of cancer. This drug's low energy makes it useful as a topical analgesic. The glycosidic bond makes this drug water soluble, which allows for its use as an antiseptic or disinfectant. 5-Ethyluracil is metabolized by hydrochloric acid, which produces urate, ammonia, and carbon dioxide. This drug can be

(R1)-(Tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-fluorouracil is a prodrug of 5-FU, which is a chemotherapeutic drug used to treat colorectal adenocarcinoma. It is converted in the body to 5-FU by esterases and glucuronidases, which inhibits DNA synthesis and cell division. (R1)-(Tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-fluorouracil has been shown to have anticancer activity in treatment trials with multivariate logistic regression analysis and enzyme activities. The conversion of (R1)-(Tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5-fluorouracil into 5-FU can be inhibited by using P450 inhibitors such as ketoconazole and erythromycin, suggesting that this pharmacological agent may not be suitable for patients with liver or renal impairment.

Applications 4-(4-Fluorophenyl)-5-hydroxymethyl-6-isopropyl-2-methylthiopyrimidine (cas# 895129-11-0) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.

Autoinduction Medium (AIM) Solution for protein expression that needs little user intervention after inoculation of the culture. The principle of AIM media is based on carbon sources in the medium that are metabolized differentially to promote high density cell growth and automatically induce protein expression from lac promoters. This solution constitutes a unique combination of carbon source concentrations. AIM with pH 7.2 provides an efficient way to produce recombinant proteins for functional characterizations. This solution is useful in the study of intensity of induction, expression at different cell densities, or investigation of induction in early-, mid-, or late-log conditions of proteins of focused interest.

3-Methyluracil is a molecule with the molecular formula CH3CHO. It has a protonated form, which is NH2CH2COOH, and an unprotonated form, which is NHCH2COOH. The protonation of 3-methyluracil can be seen in the hydrogen bonding between the two molecules. 3-Methyluracil is found in clinical studies as an effective treatment for obesity. It also has been shown to have nucleobase sequence specificity and can be used to detect adenosine in RNA sequences. 3-Methyluracil is a nucleophilic base that can bond with hydroxide ions from water or other protic solvents. This reaction results in the molecule becoming more acidic, which can be seen by the decrease in pH level when it comes into contact with hydrochloric acid.

3,6-Dichlorotrimellitic anhydride serves as the essential precursor in the synthesis of various dichlorinated fluoresceins and rhodamines.

6-Propyl-2-thiouracil is a form of thiouracil that can be used in the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. 6-Propyl-2-thiouracil binds to DNA polymerase and inhibits its activity, which prevents the replication of viruses. It has been shown to inhibit cell growth in a model system for human erythrocytes. This drug also inhibits the production of basic proteins by binding to the basic protein promoter region. 6-Propyl-2-thiouracil is metabolized by propylthiouracil reductase, which converts it into an inactive form. The intracellular targets are cell nuclei and cell cytoplasmic organelles such as mitochondria and lysosomes. This drug is effective against a number of viral infections, including HIV, hepatitis C, herpes simplex type 2, cytomegalovirus, Epstein Barr virus (EBV), influenza A virus H

1-Ethoxymethyl-5-fluorouracil (EMFU) is an oral anti-cancer drug that has potent antitumor activity. EMFU is metabolized by the liver to 5-FU, which is then distributed throughout the body and binds to DNA through hydrogen bonding interactions. This binding inhibits DNA synthesis and leads to cell death. EMFU has been shown to be active against a variety of tumors in animal models, including human liver cancer cells. EMFU is also being investigated for its potential use as an adjuvant therapy for patients with breast cancer receiving radiation therapy or chemotherapy. Clinical studies have shown that EMFU can significantly reduce tumor progression and disease activity in these patients.

Applications A DNA adduct ethylene oxide hydroxyethylnitrosourea. It is also used in the preparation of acyclic nucleosides and nucleotides as antiviral agents. References Snoeck, R., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 32, 1839 (1988), Bronson, J., et al.: J .Med. Chem., 32, 1457 (1989), Balzarini, J., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 266, 8686 (1991),

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N-4-Benzoyl-5-fluorocytosine is a potent antiviral drug that inhibits HIV in human cells. It is synthesized by the reaction of 6-chloropurine and benzoyl chloride. N-4-Benzoyl-5-fluorocytosine has been shown to be cytotoxic towards human cells, with significant cytotoxicity observed at concentrations higher than 100 μM. This agent also inhibits DNA synthesis in human blood mononuclear cells, which may be due to its ability to inhibit the metabolism of adenine and 5-fluorocytosine into uracil, thus preventing the incorporation of these nucleotide bases into DNA.

Fluorescent 7-Hydroxy-4-methylquinolone detects DNA hydroxyl radicals; store in dark.

5-(2-Trifluoroacetylaminohexafluoroprop-2-Yl)-2'-Deoxyuridine is a modified form of uridine that is synthesized by reacting trifluoroacetyl chloride with 2'-deoxyuridine. 5-(2-Trifluoroacetylaminohexafluoroprop-2-Yl)-2'-Deoxyuridine has been shown to inhibit the replication of viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). 5-(2-Trifluoroacetylaminohexafluoroprop-2-Yl)-2'-Deoxyuridine also inhibits the synthesis of RNA in cells and has been shown to be effective against bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. The anti-viral activity of 5

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1,8-Diazafluoren-9-one (DFO) is used to find fingerprints on porous surfaces.

Uracil-4-acetic acid is a monocarboxylic acid that is synthesized in mammalian cells. It can also be obtained by hydrolysis of orotic acid, which was previously synthesized from uridine and phosphorolysis of sephadex g-100. Uracil-4-acetic acid is used to produce uridine through the action of an enzyme called uridine phosphorylase. This enzyme catalyzes the reaction between ATP and uracil, as well as the conversion of orotic acid to orotidine 5′-monophosphate decarboxylase. Uracil-4-acetic acid has been shown to inhibit the growth of toxoplasma, but it has not been determined whether this inhibition is due to its role in the synthesis of uridine or its toxic effects on the parasite.

N9-Benzyladenine is a drug that regulates the activity of adenosine receptors. It is an endogenous substance found in plants and animals, but can also be synthesized chemically. N9-Benzyladenine has been shown to inhibit protein synthesis by binding to cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases, resulting in the accumulation of cyclic AMP and activation of adenylate cyclase. This leads to an increase in intracellular cAMP levels that is mediated by Gs protein coupled receptors. N9-Benzyladenine has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties, which may be due to its ability to inhibit the release of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).

Cy7 cadaverine is commonly used in biomolecular labeling, fluorescence imaging and other fluorescence biological analysis.

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Applications N2-Acetyl-O6-diphenylcarbamoylguanine is a reactant in the synthesis of 1',2'-oxetane-nucleosides bearing 2'-C-Me substituents with anti-HCV activity. References Komsta, Z., et. al.: Tetrahedron Lett., 55, 6216 (2014)

LDS-751 is a stain of nucleic acid.

Applications 9-(2-Propenyl)adenine is an N-substituted purine used in the preparation of mesityl dihydroisoxazolyl homo-N-nucleosides. References Thalassitis, A. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 19, 6433 (2009); Chiacchio, U. et al.: Tetrahedron, 60, 441 (2004)

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Sulfo-Cyanine 3 is an alternative dye primarily used for labeling peptides and oligos in replacing Cy5 that was originally developed by GE Healthcare.

O6-Benzylguanine is a guanine analog with antineoplastic activity,and is a potent O6-alkylguanine DNA alkyltransferase (AGT) inactivator.

5-Propargylamino-ddUTP: used in making cyanine dye conjugates for DNA labeling and sequencing.

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6-Amino-1,3-dimethyluracil is a synthetic compound that has been shown to have antiinflammatory activity. This drug was synthesized from recycled methylene biphenyls and quinoline derivatives. 6-Amino-1,3-dimethyluracil inhibits the synthesis of proteins in cells by inhibiting the production of amino acids such as methionine through an attack on the amino group of methionine. 6-Amino-1,3-dimethyluracil also has apoptotic activity, which may be due to its ability to inhibit protein synthesis and increase the levels of active methylene.

1-Methyl-7-nitroisatoic anhydride (1M7) is a reagent. It detects local nucleotide flexibility, for probing 2'-hydroxyl reactivity.

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Sulfo-Cyanine7 is an improved analog of Cy7 fluorophore with quantum yield improved by 22%, and higher photostability.

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6-Amino-4-methoxy-2-methylthiouracil is a heterocyclic compound that belongs to the group of pyrimidine derivatives. It is a dimer that contains two rings and six carbon atoms. The molecule can be classified as centrosymmetric, hydrogen bonded, and chain. 6-Amino-4-methoxy-2-methylthiouracil has been shown to react with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate in the presence of light to form chains. This reaction is reversible and can be used for the synthesis of other compounds.