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5-Bromo-6-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl-a-D-mannopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate that yields a magenta-colored product after cleavage. The chromophore 5-bromo-6-chloro-indoxyl is released, generating the observable color. It is used in lysosomal storage disorder screening.

Aldol® 518 beta-D-cellobioside is a chromogenic substrate for the detection of glycosidases. Aldol® 518 beta-D-cellobioside reacts with enzymes such as alpha-amylase, beta-galactosidase, and alpha-glucosidase to produce a fluorescent product. This product is detected by spectrophotometer, fluorometer, or luminometer. The fluorescence intensity is proportional to the concentration of the enzyme in the sample. It has been shown that Aldol® 518 beta-D-cellobioside can be used as a substitute for conventional substrates in food testing and diagnostics, such as staining and culture media. It also has applications in environmental testing and enzyme substrate assays.

X-Gal is a chromogenic substrate for β-galactosidase, yielding a blue precipitate. X-Gal is an indicator for coliforms in culture media, as well as for the detection of coliforms (E. coli ) in municipal water supplies and food products. X-Gal can be used in conjunction with the inducer IPTG, which binds and inhibits the lac repressor thus inducing beta;-galactosidase expression. X-Gal is the substrate of choice for blue-white selection of recombinant bacterial colonies with the lac+ genotype. Upon hydrolysis, X-Gal yields a localized, insoluble, blue precipitate, making it exceptionally useful in blotting, immunocytochemical, and ELISA assays. 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-beta;-D-galactopyranoside (X-beta;-D-galactoside, X-Gal) is a chromogenic indicator for beta;-galactosidase activity. The colorless product is cleaved by lactose-utilizing bacteria in liquid media or on agar plates and yields a blue-green colored precipitate. X-Gal can also be used as a detecting agent for beta;-galactosidase activity in reporter gene assays or for identification of positive transformants on agar plates when using the α-complementation approach. Color formation is due to dimerization and oxidation of 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-hydroxyindole which results from enzymatic cleavage of X-Gal. The reaction proceeds only in the presence of oxygen, i.e. in aerobic cultures. Well detectable color bacterial colonies or liquid cultures is obtained within 16-48 h. In the presence of purified beta;-galactosidase, color develops within minutes to few hours.

8-Hydroxyquinoline b-D-glucopyranoside (8-OHG-glu) is a chromogenic enzyme substrate commonly used to detect the presence of beta-glucosidase in biological samples. When hydrolyzed by beta-glucosidase, 8-OHG-glu produces a yellow-orange color, indicating the presence of the enzyme. This substrate is particularly useful for measuring beta-glucosidase activity in soil and plant samples.

This Thermo Scientific Chemicals brand product was originally part of the Acros Organics product portfolio. Some documentation and label information may refer to the legacy brand. The original Acros Organics product / item code or SKU reference has not changed as a part of the brand transition to Thermo Scientific Chemicals.

Substrate detecting beta-glucosidase activity

Cyclohexane is used in environmental and GC analysis; for industrial production of adipic acid and caprolactam, which is a precursor of nylon and as a solvent, and to make nylon and paint remover. This Thermo Scientific Chemicals brand product was originally part of the Alfa Aesar product portfolio. Some documentation and label information may refer to the legacy brand. The original Alfa Aesar product / item code or SKU reference has not changed as a part of the brand transition to Thermo Scientific Chemicals.

Chromogenic substrate for α-D-glucosidase yielding a blue precipitate. It is used for the detection of, e.g. Staphylococcusaureus and Bacillus species, and for the isolation of Enterobactersakazakii e.g. from baby food. It is an indolyl carbohydrate that is the beta-D-glucoside of 3-hydroxy-1H-indole, in which the indole moiety is substituted at positions 4 and 5 by chlorine and bromine, respectively. The enzyme, beta-glucosidase cleaves the glycosidic bond to give 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-hydroxy-1H-indole, which immediately dimerises to give an intensely blue product.

For detection of beta-galactosidase activity.  The colors of the chromogen can be adjusted by incorporating different functional groups, e.g. cyano or nitro group, which yields purple or black green colonies with beta-galactosidase positive strain.

4-Nitrophenyl 4,6-benzylidene-2-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-[4-methoxybenzyl]-a-D-glucopyranosyl)-a-D-glucopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate that is used in diagnostic assays to measure the activity of enzymes such as β-galactosidase and β-glucuronidase. It is also an enzyme substrate for culture media and chemiluminescence. This product has a CAS number of 57316-92-8.