Aldéhydes

Trifluoroacetaldehyde is a chemical with aqueous solubility of 0.2 g/L at 25 °C. It has been used in the preparation of insoluble polymers, such as phosphonates and polyurethanes. Trifluoroacetaldehyde can be prepared by reacting anhydrous hydrogen fluoride with trifluoroacetic acid in the presence of amines and an oxidizing agent, such as phosphorus pentoxide. The reaction mechanism is believed to involve a cationic polymerization involving hydrolysis of the amine to give an ammonium ion that reacts with hydrogen fluoride to form trifluoroacetyl fluoride and ammonium chloride. Trifluoroacetaldehyde has also been used in asymmetric synthesis, hydroxyl group reactions, pharmaceutical preparations, and monoclonal antibody production.

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3-Phenyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde is a thioaldehyde that reacts with electrophiles to form new molecules. This compound reacts with sodium salts in an electrocyclic reaction, forming a dimer and oligomers. The ring of the compound can be cleaved by intramolecular attack by a carbene, leading to the formation of two carbenes. 3-Phenyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde can also react with diazo to form a carbene, which then reacts with the compound to form an alkyl radical. The nature of this molecule is unknown.