Iridioïdes

Catalpol (Catalpinoside) is an iridoid glycoside with neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-hepatitis virus effects.

Loganic acid( 0.7% solution) has a strong intraocular pressure (IOP)-hypotensive effect, it exhibits both sides effect on superoxide generation. Loganic acid also has protective effects on atherosclerosis risk factors in hypercholesterolemic rabbits, it shows significant anti-inflammatory effects decreasing TNF-α and IL-6 activity in serum.

Natural glycoside

Loganetin is a phytochemical compound derived from the plant Menyanthes trifoliata, commonly known as bogbean. This natural product is sourced from the leaves of the bogbean, a perennial herb found in marshy and boggy environments. The compound is characterized by its potential anti-inflammatory activities and is a subject of interest for research into various therapeutic applications. Loganetin exerts its effects through the modulation of inflammatory pathways, potentially by interacting with cellular signaling mechanisms that regulate the production of inflammatory mediators. This mode of action suggests its significant potential in attenuating inflammation-related responses in biological systems. The uses and applications of Loganetin are still under investigation, primarily in the context of inflammation reduction. Scientists are exploring its efficacy and safety in preclinical models to evaluate its potential benefits and limitations. This ongoing research seeks to elucidate the compound’s detailed mechanisms and possible therapeutic profiles, contributing to our understanding of bioactive phytochemicals in medicine.

Aucubin analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

Cornuside has immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory activities, it has protective potential against cerebral ischemic injury, may be due to the suppression of intracellular Ca(2+) elevation and caspase-3 activity, and improvements in mitochondrial energy metabolism and antioxidant properties. Cornuside can treat myocardial I/R and protect the liver from CCl₄-induced acute hepatotoxicity, by reducing oxidative stress and suppressing inflammatory responses.

Catalpol is an iridoid glycoside, which is a natural compound isolated primarily from the roots of the plant *Rehmannia glutinosa*. This compound is known for its various bioactive properties, functioning predominantly through its ability to modulate antioxidant pathways, regulate inflammatory responses, and exert neuroprotective effects. These modes of action are attributed to its capacity to influence cellular signaling pathways, such as the PI3K/Akt pathway, and to interact with reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby mitigating oxidative stress. The use of Catalpol extends across multiple research domains, most notably in studies exploring neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, and ischemic injuries. Its potential to attenuate neuronal damage and improve cognitive function makes it a compound of interest in the development of therapeutic agents for conditions like Alzheimer's disease. Additionally, its anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic activities suggest applications in the management of chronic inflammatory diseases and metabolic disorders. While extensive research continues to unravel its precise mechanisms and efficacy, Catalpol remains a compound of significant interest in pharmacological and biochemical studies.

Standard reference

Geniposidic acid, one of the main active ingredients in Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis (Rubiaceae), has anti-atherosclerotic effects, can protect vascular endothelium and reverse plaque formation in an atherosclerotic model.

8-O-acetyl shanzhiside methylester (ND01), an iridoid glucoside compound, was isolated from the leaves of Lamiophlomis rotata (Benth.) Kudo, ND01 has potential against cerebral ischemic injury, and its protective effect on oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced injury might be due to the suppression of intracellular Ca 2+ elevation and caspase-3 activity, and improvement of mitochondrial energy metabolism.

Natural glycoside

Natural glycoside

Sesamoside is a main chemical ingredient iridoid glycoside from Lamiophlomic rotata , has analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in animal studies.

Natural glycoside

Natural glycoside

Amarogentin analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

Swertamarin analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

Genipin analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

Oleuropein exhibits anti-ischemic, antioxidative, hypolipidemic, in vitro antimycoplasmal , anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects., it also may be helpful in the prevention of diabetic complications associated with oxidative stress. Oleuropein prevents oxidative myocardial injury induced by ischemia and reperfusion, and reduces viremia in duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV)-infected ducks. Oleuropein reduces TLR and MAPK signaling.

Agnuside analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

Natural glycoside

Natural glycoside

Catalpol analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

Verbenalin analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

Natural glycoside

Natural glycoside

Shanzhiside methyl ester is an iridoid glycoside, a type of naturally occurring compound, which is extracted primarily from certain plants within the Oleaceae family. This compound is characterized by its complex structure often found in various medicinal plants. The source of Shanzhiside methyl ester lies in its isolation from traditional medicinal herbs, where it is present as part of the plant’s secondary metabolites. The mode of action of this compound involves modulation of various biochemical pathways, potentially offering anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. Its bioactivity is attributed to its interaction with specific cellular targets, which could alter signal transduction mechanisms, thereby exerting therapeutic effects. The uses and applications of Shanzhiside methyl ester are mainly in the field of pharmacology where its properties are being explored for the development of novel therapeutic agents. Research is ongoing to fully elucidate its potential in treating conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation-related disorders, and possibly cancer. The ongoing studies aim to harness its natural pharmacological potential and integrate it into future drug development processes.

Ddeacetylasperulosidic acid methyl ester can lower the blood glucose level in normal mice.

Oleuropein analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

Loganic acid analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

Sweroside analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

Natural glycoside

Shanzhiside methylester, the principle effective iridoid glycoside from the analgesic herb Lamiophlomis rotata , reduces neuropathic pain by activating spinal GLP-1 receptors and subsequently stimulating microglial β-endorphin expression via the p38 MAPK signaling; stimulation of the endogenous β-endorphin expression may be a novel and effective strategy for the discovery and development of analgesics for the long-term treatment of chronic pain.

Natural glycoside

Shanziside suppresses immune system; notably reduces IL-2 in activated human T cells.

Shanzhiside is a bioactive compound, specifically an iridoid glycoside, derived from the fruit of the Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. This product originates from a traditional medicinal plant, long recognized in Eastern medicine for its therapeutic properties. Shanzhiside acts primarily through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, modulating pathways that contribute to oxidative stress and inflammation in cells. These actions offer neuroprotective effects, making it a subject of interest in neuroscience research. The applications of Shanzhiside are particularly focused on its potential in treating neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Research indicates that its ability to mitigate oxidative damage and inflammation in neuronal tissues can contribute to slowing or preventing the progression of these conditions. Further exploration of its pharmacokinetics and molecular interactions in neuronal pathways continues, as it presents a promising avenue for therapeutic development.

Natural glycoside

Valtrate analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

Catalpol, an iridoid glucoside, has been reported to inhibit apoptosis of neuron and endothelial cells; the pretreatment of H9c2 cells with catalpol can be against H 2 O 2 -induced apoptosis, and the protective effect of catalpol involves the mitochondrial-dependent caspase pathway and is associated with increased Bcl-2 and decreased Bax expression.

Oxygen-heterocyclic compound

Natural glycoside

Morroniside has therapeutic effects on diabetic angiopathies, renal damage, lipid metabolism and inflammation and bone resorption. Morroniside can notably protect the brain from damage induced by focal cerebral ischemia which might be related to morroniside antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties in the brain.Morroniside can decrease the level of cycloxygenase(Cox) and it may be the mechanism of morroniside on inhibiting the platelet aggregation induced by ADP in rabbits.

Sweroside and swertiamarine are main constituents in Gentian (Gentiana lutea ssp. symphyandra), Gentian has wound healing activity, seems to be mainly due to the increase in the stimulation of collagen production and the mitotic activity by sweroside and swertiamarine , respectively; they also have cytoprotective effects, which may cause a synergism in terms of wound healing activity of Gentian.

Oleuropein aglycone - 80% is a bioactive compound, a phenolic derivative, which is extracted from the leaves and fruits of the olive tree, Olea europaea. It is classified as a secoiridoid, a type of compound prevalent in certain plants, and serves as a major component of olive oil. Functioning through multiple pathways, Oleuropein aglycone exhibits significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. It achieves this by scavenging free radicals and modulating signaling pathways involved in inflammation, such as the NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, it contributes to the stabilization of cell membranes and modulation of enzymatic activities linked to oxidative stress. The uses and applications of Oleuropein aglycone - 80% are extensive in both research and therapeutic contexts. It is extensively studied for its potential protective effects against cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and certain types of cancer due to its potent antioxidative properties. Additionally, it is explored for its antimicrobial and antiviral effects, indicating a broad spectrum of biological activities. This compound holds promise in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical developments aimed at enhancing human health through natural product-derived interventions.

Natural glycoside

Daphylloside, and asperuloside can be suggested as endoplasmic reticulum stress regulators.

Aucubin is an iridoid glycoside with a wide range of biological activities, including pancreas-protective, chondroprotective, antispasmodic, liver-protective, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, antioxidant, anti-algesic as well as anti-tumor activities. Aucubin prevents neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 region in rats with diabetic encephalopathy, it also has protective effects on H2O2-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. Aucubin may improve obesity-induced atherosclerosis by attenuating TNF-α-induced inflammatory responses. Aucubin suppresses hepatitis B viral DNA replication in vitro.

Loganin analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

8-Epiloganic acid has antibacterial and antiviral effects.

Verminoside is a natural glycoside compound, which is derived from plant sources, particularly from the genus *Verbena* and *Buddleja*. It exhibits a range of pharmacological actions, primarily through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. By scavenging free radicals and modulating inflammatory pathways, Verminoside effectively contributes to cellular protection and the mitigation of oxidative stress-induced damage. Research has shown that Verminoside has significant neuroprotective effects, making it a compound of interest in the study of neurological disorders. It is involved in the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which are pivotal in the inflammatory response, thus potentially offering therapeutic value in conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. Additionally, its anti-bacterial and anti-viral properties extend its applicability in combating microbial infections. Ongoing studies continue to explore Verminoside's potential in various biomedical applications, focusing on its efficacy and molecular interaction pathways. The compound's plant-based origin further encourages its exploration as a potential natural therapeutic agent with minimal side effects compared to synthetic counterparts.