Bêta-bloquants

Applications N-Fmoc-L-cysteine is the N-Fmoc-protected form of L-Cysteine (C995000), a non-essential α-amino acid that is biosynthesized in humans. L-Cysteine is also a bicarbonate-sensitive endogenous excitotoxin in rats and possibly humans. References Li, Q. et al.: Mat. Lett., 64, 614 (2010); Olney, J., et al.: Science, 4, 596 (1990)

Ether-alcohols and their halogenated, sulfonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives not elsewhere specified or included

Aromatic or modified aromatic drugs with nitrogen hetero-atom(s) only, not elsewhere specified or included

Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive Applications An Atorvastatin (A791750) derivative which have improved stability.

Applications Labelled Clopridogrel, an antithrombotic.A representative lot was: 4.2% d3, 0.07% d2, 0.0005% d1 and no d0 were detected. References Mills, D.C.B., et al.: Arterioscler. Thromb., 12, 430 (1992), Feuerstein, G., et al.: Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs, 4, 425 (1995)

Applications A labelled active form of folic acid used at the cellular level for DNA reproduction, the cysteine cycle and the regulation of homocysteine among other functions. It is a coenzymated form of folic acid. It has been proposed for treatment of cardiovascular disease. References Willems, F. et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 145, 823 (2004); Prinz-Langhebohi, R.: et al., Br. J. Pharmacol., 158, 2014 (2009); Wright, A. et al.: Brit, J. Nutrit., 103, 724 (2010)

Applications A metabolite of Carvedilol (C184625). References McGurk, K., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 55, 1005 (1998), Tukey, R., et al.: Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 40, 581 (2000), Bowalgaha, K., et al.: Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 52, 605 (2001), Richardson, T., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 34, 351 (2006),

Applications Pimobendan is a cardiotonic agent. The study of the cardiotonic mechanism of Pimobendan using ventricular muscles from rabbits and guinea pigs suggests that Pimobendan acts by inhibiting phosphodiesterase III and potassium channel. The potent venodilating action of Pimobendan makes it a suitable treatment option for patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) as it also improves systemic vasoconstriction. References Yokota, S. et al.: Yakuri Chiryo, 20, 1143 (1992); Yamamoto, M. et al.: Kank. Igaku Ken. Nenpo, 47, 155 (1996); Matsumoto, A. et al.: Cardiovas. Drugs Ther., 12, 595 (1998);

Applications α2-Adrenoceptor agonist related structurally to Clonidine. Used in treatment of opioid withdrawal symptoms; antihypertensive. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Velly, J., et al.: J. Pharmacol., 8, 351 (1977), Jarrot, B., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 28, 141 (1979), Birch, P., at al.: Brit. J. Pharmacol., 68, 107 (1980),

Stability Hygroscopic Applications Atorvastatin (A791750) impurity. References Kearney, A.S., et al.: Pharm. Res., 10, 1461 (1993); Heinonen, T.M., et al.: Clin. Ther., 18, 853 (1996);

Applications Antihypertensive; antiarrhythmic (class II); antianginal; antiglaucoma agent. References Wasson, et al.: J. Med. Chem., 15, 651 (1972), Franciosa, et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 13, 138 (1972), Heel, R.C., et al.: Drugs, 17, 38 (1979), Rofman, B.A., et al.: Hypertension, 2, 643 (1980), Mazzo, D.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 16, 641 (1987),

Applications Pixantrone is an antineoplastic drug belonging to group of antitumor antibiotics. Pixantrone is an anlogue of Mitoxantrone (M373425) and is just as potent in the treatment of multiple sclerosis with fewer toxic effects on cardiac tissue. Studies suggest that Pixantrone significantly reduces amyloid beta (A beta(1-42)) neurotoxicity, a mechanism implicated in Alzheimer's disease. References Cavalletti, E. et al.: Invest. New Drugs, 25, 187 (2007); Gonsette, R.E. et al.: J. Neurol. Sci., 223, 81 (2004); Colombo, R. et al.: Electrophoresis, 30, 1418 (2009)

Aromatic cyclic amides (including cyclic carbamates) and their derivatives; salts thereof

Aromatic amino-alcohol-phenols, aromatic amino-acid-phenols and other aromatic amino compounds with oxygen function

rac-Des(isopropylamino) acebutolol diol is a synthetic drug substance that is used for research and development purposes. It has a purity of 99% or greater, does not contain any impurities, and is manufactured using the latest technology. The rac-Des(isopropylamino) acebutolol diol is a pharmaceutical grade product with high purity and quality standards that have been verified by HPLC analysis. This compound is an analytical standard that can be used to calibrate mass spectrometry instruments. Rac-Des(isopropylamino) acebutolol diol is also metabolized into the natural metabolite noracebutanol by cytochrome P450 enzymes in humans.

Applications A metabolite of Felodipine (F232375). References Wang, S.X. et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap., 250, 632 (1989); Baeaernhielm, C. et al.: Drug Metab. Disp., 14, 613 (1986);

Applications Labelled Flecainide (F390000). Antiarrhythmic (class IC). References Hodess, A.B., et al.: J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol., 1, 427 (1979), Somani, P., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 27, 464 (1980), Alessi-Severini, S., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. Excip., 21, 169 (1992)

Applications Labelled Furosemide (F865000). Furosemide inhibits ion co-transport in the kidney. Furosemide is used as a diuretic. References Goldenthal, E.I.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 18, 185 (1971), Benet, L.Z.: J. Pharmacokinet. Biopharm., 7, 1 (1979)

Applications An antiarrhythmic agent isolated from Rauwolfia serpentina. References Galarreta, B., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 16, 6689 (2008), Sun, L., et al.: Plant Mol. Biol., 67, 455 (2008), Ruiz-May, E., et al.: Mol. Biotechnol., 41, 278 (2009),