Substratos enzimáticos

4-Methylumbelliferyl phosphate dilithium is a fluorogenic substrate for alkaline phosphatase. After enzymatic cleaveage, free 4-methylumbelliferone (also known as hymecromone) is released, exhibiting blue fluorescence upon excitation with UV light. The strongest fluorescence of 4-methylumbelliferone requires deprotonation of the hydroxyl group (thus requires alkaline pH), with a maximal fluorescence intensity obtained with excitation at 350 to 370 nm and emission at 440 to 470 nm. The use of 4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate dilithiumas a substrate for measuring the alkaline phosphatase activity is used for bone metabolism disorder studies and hypophosphatasia diagnosis.

Applications Maltoheptaose is a maltooligosaccharide consisting of seven glucose units. It has been used as a substrate to study α-amylase transglycosylaion activity. References Kuriki, T., et al.: J. Biosci. Bioeng., 87, 557 (1999), Meulenbeld, G., et al.: Biotechnol. Bioeng., 70, 363 (2000), Moon, Y., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 54, 1230 (2006), Uitdehaag, J.C.M., van Alebeek, G.-J.W.M., van der Veen, B.A., et al. Structures of maltohexaose and maltoheptaose bound at the donor sites of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase give insight into the mechanisms of transglycosylation activity and cyclodextrin size specificity. Biochemistry 39(26), 7772-7780 (2000).

This botanical is a download for the Floral Database.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl-b-D-cellotetraoside is a chromogenic substrate used to detect the specific enzymatic activity of cellulase. After cleavage, 5-bromo-4-chloro-indoxyl is released, resulting in a blue to blue-green color change in bacterial colonies or media. 5-Bromo-4-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl-b-D-cellotetraoside is used in bacterial cellulase detection and biomass conversion research.

For fluorogenic detection of caspase 3

2-Nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-galactopyranoside is a carboxymethyl derivative of the natural substrate of β-galactosidase, which is used as a substrate for the production of recombinant proteins in the corynebacterium glutamicum. The enzyme β-galactosidase hydrolyzes this substrate to produce an acid molecule and a sugar molecule. This product can be used in biotechnological processes for the production of recombinant proteins or other bioactive molecules. It can also be used in the isolation of nucleic acid from bacteria or fungi, or to study bacterial membrane transport systems. 2NPGAG can be expressed as a recombinant protein with expression vectors such as pET21a and pET24a. It has been shown that this product inhibits transport through membranes by binding to cellulose, which may be useful for studies on cellulose biosynthesis

Fluorogenic substrate targeting caspases 3 and 7

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Chromogenic substrate for beta-glucosidase

4-Methylumbelliferyl beta-D-apiofuranoside is a fluorescent substrate that is used in the detection of enzyme activity. It is a yellow crystalline powder with a melting point of 132°C and an optical rotation of +27°. 4-Methylumbelliferyl beta-D-apiofuranoside can be used as a conjugate for fluorescence, chemiluminescence, or bioluminescence detection of enzymes such as β-galactosidase, phosphatases, esterases, and peroxidases. It is also used to stain cells and tissues for microscopic analysis. This product has been tested for its effects on the environment and found to have little potential for harm to the environment. 4-Methylumbelliferyl beta-D-apiofuranoside has been shown to be high purity with no significant impurities detected in testing. The chemical has shown high quality characteristics in

6-Bromo-2-naphthyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate used to detect alpha-glucosidase enzyme activity. When cleaved by the enzyme alpha-glucosidase, it releases 6-bromo-2-naphthol, which can be coupled with diazonium salts (for example 4'-amino-2,3'-dimethylazobenzene, also known as Fast Garnet GBC) to form a colored precipitate. 6-Bromo-2-naphthyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside is used in biochemical assays, histochemistry, and diagnostic tests for conditions like lysosomal storage disorders (e.g. Pompe disease) and carbohydrate metabolism studies.

2,4-Dinitrophenyl)-L-lysine hydrochloride monohydrate is a lysine derivative that has been modified with a 2,4-dinitrophenyl group. It could be used as an enzyme substrate to monitor enzymes that recognize and modify lysine residues, such as lysine methyltransferases and demethylases, lysine acylases and lysine oxidases.

This Clips-O substrate rac-7-(3',4'-Dihydroxybutyloxy)coumarin-4'-phosphate allows the detection of single and dual enzymatic activity (phosphatase and oxidation of 4-amino-3-hydroxybutyloxy spacer either enzymatically or by exposure to sodium periodate) with a single substrate resulting in a fluorescent signal. The main virtues of Clips-O substrates are an increased stability towards non-enzymatic hydrolysis that results in a reduced background and high sensitivity.

1-Naphthyl a-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate used to detect the presence of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds, such as alpha-glucosidase. When the substrate is cleaved by the enzyme, it produces a colored product that can be visualized and quantified.

4-Chloro-3-indoxyl-1,3-diacetate is a chromogenic substrate used in the identification of bile acids. It reacts with 4-chlorophenol to form a red dye. This compound is also used as a ligand for metal ions.

4-Nitrophenyl 4-O-(b-D-mannopyranosyl)-b-D-glucopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate that can be used for the detection of β-glucosidase activity in biological samples. It is an excellent substrate for the enzyme β-glucosidase, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ester bonds in glycosides with release of glucose and formation of a phenolic product. The 4-nitrophenol group reacts with oxygen to produce light, making it useful as a chemiluminescent or bioluminescent substrate. The conjugate may also be used to detect β-glucosidase activity in culture media by adding the substrate to the culture medium and measuring its fluorescence. 4NP4OBG has been shown to have high purity, with only trace amounts of impurities detected such as benzaldehyde and 2,6-dinitro

4-(Hydroxymethyl)phenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside tetraacetate is a drug that has been shown to have antidiabetic effects in diabetic patients. It has been shown to inhibit tyrosinase activity and increase the production of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in brain cells. This compound also has a protective effect against glutamate toxicity, and is being studied as a potential treatment for epilepsy. 4-(Hydroxymethyl)phenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside tetraacetate inhibits the production of tyrosinase, which is an enzyme responsible for the conversion of tyrosine to melanin. This process can be inhibited by inhibiting tyrosinase activity with 4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside tetraacetate.

Coelenterazine cp is a coelenterazine analog for Renilla luciferase. In certain studies, it has been shown to be highly sensitive for the detection of human papilloma virus (HPV) and can be used in the diagnosis of cervical cancer.

4-Nitrophenyl b-D-cellopentaoside hexadecaacetate is a fluorogenic substrate that is used to study the activity of various enzymes. It reacts with hydrolytic enzymes in the presence of hydrogen peroxide to produce light, and it can be used for food testing, environmental testing, and diagnostics. 4-Nitrophenyl b-D-cellopentaoside hexadecaacetate is a conjugate of 4-nitrophenol and cellobiose pentaacetate that has a high purity and high quality. The CAS number for this compound is 129411-66-1.

4-Nitrophenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranoside is a versatile chromogenic substrate designed for the detection and quantification of various glycosidase enzymes. This substrate is widely used in enzyme assays, producing a yellow color upon cleavage by target enzymes. The 4-Nitrophenol released in this reaction can be easily monitored spectrophotometrically, allowing for rapid and accurate enzyme analysis. This high-quality substrate provides a convenient and reliable tool for researchers in biochemistry, enzymology, and related fields.

4-Methylumbelliferyl-b-D-glucose-6-phosphoethanolamine is a fluorescent substrate that can be used to identify the presence of beta-glucosidase in biological samples, such as wine or cheese. It has been shown to offer high purity and quality, with a CAS number of 70750-68-6. This product is often used for diagnosing bacterial infections, as it will fluoresce when hydrolyzed by beta-glucosidase enzymes. 4MMUFBE can also be used for food testing, environmental testing, and chromogenic substrate reactions in the laboratory.

An indoxyl substrates targeting the enzyme beta-D-glucuronidase; blue color

CENTA²-Lactamase Substrate is a purified peptide that has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of lactamase enzymes. It is used as a signal peptide in the detection of pro-apoptotic proteins and peptide hormones, for the diagnosis of infectious diseases, and for the study of lactogenic hormones. The CENTA²-Lactamase Substrate can also be used in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify the presence of DNA from human serum. In addition, it is often used as a basic protein to detect antibodies in human serum or other biological samples by ELISA or Western blotting.

4-Methylumbelliferyl 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-a-D-galactopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate for the enzyme beta galactosidase. It is used in food testing, environmental testing, and diagnostics. 4MUF3A2DGAL is an enzyme substrate that provides high quality chemiluminescence and bioluminescence signals. This product has a CAS number of 124167-43-7 and is available in both high purity and conjugate forms.

Aldol® 455 beta-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of beta-glucosidase activity. The colorless enzyme substrate is cleaved by beta-glucosidase producing bacteria grown in liquid or solid media, yielding a yellow color and green to orange fluorescence. Aldol® 455 beta-D-glucopyranoside can be used under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

Fluorogenic substrate for carboxylesterase

5-Bromo-6-chloro-3-indoxyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate for beta-D-galactosidase, yielding a magenta precipitate and contained in a chromogenic culture media. It is an indolyl carbohydrate that is the alpha-D-mannoside of indoxyl, in which the indole moiety is substituted at positions 4 and 5 by chlorine and bromine, respectively.

D-Psicose 6-phosphate sodium is an analog from D-psicose, a rare, natural monosaccharide with 70% the sweetness of sucrose. It is used as a low-calorie sweetener in food industry. In research, it is used to investigate its effects on metabolism, diabetes, and other health conditions.

4-Methylumbelliferyl 3-O-(N-acetylneuraminyl)-b-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate. It is used for the detection of glycoproteins and glycolipids in food testing, staining, environmental testing, and diagnostics. It can also be used as a fluorogenic substrate for the detection of glycoproteins and glycolipids in fluorescence microscopy. 4-methylumbelliferyl 3-O-(N-acetylneuraminyl)-b-D-glucopyranoside has been shown to be a ligand for the lectin receptor Galectin 9, which is involved in inflammation and cancer cell growth. 4-methylumbelliferyl 3-O-(N-acetylneuraminyl)-b-D-glucopyranoside has been shown to be an enzyme substrate for alkaline phosphatase, β

The Methionine Assay Kit (Fluorometric) is a kit containing the fluorogenic substrate needed for the determination of total methionine content. The kit is used to detect and quantify methionine in various food products, as well as in environmental samples. This assay can be used to measure free or protein-bound methionine. The fluorometric kit contains a conjugate that binds to the methionine molecule and provides a fluorescent signal proportional to the amount of bound methionine. The fluorescence intensity is measured on a fluorometer and converted into concentrations of methionine per gram of sample.

4-Nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-(b-D-galactopyranosyl)-b-D-glucopyranoside is an efficient chromogenic pNP enzyme substrate ideal for monitoring enzyme activity and understanding carbohydrate metabolism. This galacto-glucoside compound is designed specifically for use with glycosidases such as hexosaminidases and delivers unparalleled performance in your enzymatic assays.

4-Methylumbelliferyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate for alpha-L-rhamnosidase. After enzymatic cleaveage, free 4-methylumbelliferone (also known as hymecromone) is released, exhibiting blue fluorescence upon excitation with UV light. The strongest fluorescence of 4-methylumbelliferone requires deprotonation of the hydroxyl group (thus requires alkaline pH), with a maximal fluorescence intensity obtained with excitation at 350 to 370 nm and emission at 440 to 470 nm. The use of 4-methylumbelliferyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosideas a substrate for measuring the alpha-L-rhamnosidase activity is used for detection of bacterial infection.

Targets Factor C substrate and peptidase

Chromogenic substrate targeting beta- galactosidase and whose color is dependent on the metal chelating.Alizarin-2-beta-D-galactopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate for enzymes based on alizarin and has been reported for the detection of bacterial beta-galactosidase by researchers at the University of Northumbria and the Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne in the UK (James, 2000).

Bioluminescent substrate for luciferase

2-Nitrophenyl butyrate is a chromogenic enzyme substrate that is commonly used in enzymatic assays to detect lipases and esterases. When hydrolyzed by these enzymes, the substrate yields a yellow product that can be detected spectrophotometrically at 405 nm. The advantage of using 2-nitrophenyl butyrate is its high sensitivity and specificity for detecting lipolytic and esterolytic activities. This substrate is widely used in various applications, including enzyme kinetics studies, inhibitor screening, and the determination of esterase activity in biological samples such as serum, plasma, and cell lysates.

Chromogenic substrate for β-D-fucosidase yielding a blue precipitate.

6-Chloro-3-indoxyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate for beta-galactosidase that yields a salmon or rose-coloured precipitate and hence is also known as Salmon-Gal. It can be used in conjunction with isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) as an alternative to the chromogenic substrate 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-D-galactopyranoside (X-Gal) for detection of beta-galactosidase activity in bacterial colonies in colorimetric assays. Where beta-galactosidase expressed from a reporter gene in molecular biology experiments, recombinant colonies on growth plates are salmon-coloured while non-recombinants appear as white. Use of nitroblue tetrazolium salt (NBT) with Salmon-Gal may provide faster results, yielding a clear, purple precipitate, than for Salmon-Gal alone. In conjunction with 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-D-glucoside (X-Glc), Salmon-Gal is useful for simultaneous detection of GUS and Lac activities in the same medium.

2-Nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside-6-phosphate cyclohexylammonium salt is a chromogenic substrate used to detect the enzymatic activity of beta-galactosidase-6-phosphatase. After cleavage, the nitrophenyl moiety is released exhibiting a light yellowish color. 2-Nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside-6-phosphate cyclohexylammonium salt is used in diagnostic assays such as lysosomal storage disorder.

4-Methylumbelliferyl beta-D-xylobioside is a fluorogenic substrate for xylanase. After enzymatic cleaveage, free 4-methylumbelliferone (also known as hymecromone) is released, exhibiting blue fluorescence upon excitation with UV light. The strongest fluorescence of 4-methylumbelliferone requires deprotonation of the hydroxyl group (thus requires alkaline pH), with a maximal fluorescence intensity obtained with excitation at 350 to 370 nm and emission at 440 to 470 nm. The use of 4-methylumbelliferyl beta-D-xylobiosideas a substrate for measuring the xylanase activity is used for detecting bacterial infection and gut microbiome analysis.

A non-metabolizable allolactose analogue, widely used in molecular biology for overexpression of recombinant proteins from inducible systems under the control of lac promoter. IPTG binds to the LacI repressor and causes its release from the lac operator, allowing gene expression to take place. Present in vectors of pGEX, pGEM-T, pET, pRSET, pMAL class and others.

Chitin azure is a chromogenic substrate for chitinases. It is one of the few specific substrates for this enzyme that produces chito-oligosaccharides from chitin.

2-(2-Thiazolylazo)-p-cresol structure enables it to form complexes with certain metal ions, changing color in the process. This color change is highly useful in titrimetric analyses (quantitative chemical analysis method) to determine the concentration of metal ions in a solution.  The substrates are colored orange-yellow (absorbance maximum= 375 nm). After the enzymatic conversion, the resulting TAC shows an intense, soluble red-violet color (544 nm) in an alkaline medium (pH = 10.3).

Chromogenic substrate for neuraminidase yielding a blue precipitate upon cleavage.

Chromogenic substrate targeting beta-galactosidase

Luc-phosphate Na enhanced is a chemiluminescent substrate for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and other immunoassays. It has been shown to have high purity, high quality, and good stability. Luc-phosphate Na enhanced has not been tested for toxicity in animals or humans. Luc-phosphate Na enhanced is a conjugated substrate that can be used in ELISA, where the enzyme substrate will react with the antigen in a sample to produce light. This product can also be used in diagnostic tests and in food testing.

Luciferin-beta-D-glucoside, potassium salt is a fluorogenic substrate that can be used as a ligand in enzyme assays. It is also used in the manufacture of diagnostic reagents, such as conjugates and culture media. It is often used to test for the presence of bacteria or fungi.

Substrate for beta-galactosidase

4-Nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-3-O-[2-O-(2,3,4-tri-O-benzoyl-a-L-fucopyranosyl)-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2 deoxy -D-galactopyranosyl]-b D glucopyranoside is a fluorescent substrate for the enzyme β galactosidase. It can be used to test for β galactosidase activity in food products, environmental samples and diagnostics. 4NPFAPG is a conjugate of 4 nitrophenol and 2 acetamido 3 O-[2 O-(2,3,4 tri O benzoyl a L fucopyranosyl) 3,4 6 tri O acetyl 2 deoxy D galactopyranosyl] b D glucopyranose. 4NPFAPG is water soluble and has

The 4-Nitrophenyl-alpha-D-galactopyranoside is a high-quality chromogenic substrate specifically designed for the enzymatic assay of alpha-galactosidase. Upon enzyme catalysis, it yields a highly fluorescent 4-nitrophenol product, which allows easy and accurate measurement of enzyme activity in a variety of research applications, such as biochemical analysis, inhibitor screening, and enzyme kinetics studies.

Fluorogenic substrate for aminopeptidase yielding a blue fluorescent solution.

4-Methylumbelliferyl-N,N-diacetyl-beta-D-chitobioside is a molecule that has been expressed in the yeast Pichia pastoris. It can be used as a fluorescent probe for chitinase activity and has been shown to be sensitive to tryptophan residues and aromatic residues in proteins. 4-Methylumbelliferyl-N,N-diacetyl-beta-D-chitobioside has also been used as a fluorescent probe for isozymes of glucose phosphate isomerase. The nature of the trisaccharide is unknown, but it appears to be hydrophobic.

6-Amino-6-deoxyluciferin is a synthetic analog of luciferin. It is used as a substrate for bacterial luciferase and in immunoassays to detect neutrophils, infectious diseases, and various protease activities. 6-Amino-6-deoxyluciferin is synthesized by the condensation of an amide with a hydroxyl group from acetaldehyde. This reaction requires the use of a coupling agent such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), which are often used to form amides from carboxylic acids and amines. The conjugation of 6-amino-6-deoxyluciferin with antibodies can be accomplished by chemical crosslinking methods, such as glutaraldehyde, which react thiol groups on the antibody

1-Naphthyl b-D-glucuronide sodium salt is a chromogenic substrate commonly used to assay the activity of beta-glucuronidase enzymes. It is hydrolyzed by beta-glucuronidase to yield a yellow-colored product, 1-naphthol, which can be quantified spectrophotometrically. This substrate is widely used in diagnostic tests for detection of beta-glucuronidase activity, particularly in clinical microbiology for the identification of E. coli and other enteric bacteria. With its sodium salt form, it boasts increased solubility in aqueous solutions, ensuring seamless integration into various experimental settings.

4-Nitrophenyl decanoate is a chromogenic substrate for lipase. Upon hydrolysis, para-nitrophenol is released yielding a yellowish colour. 4-Nitrophenyl decanoate is used in different applications such as the Pancreatic insufficiency diagnosis, lipid metabolism studies

Chemiluminescence beta-galactosidase substrate

4-Methylumbelliferyl phosphocholine, commonly known as 4-MUPC, is a synthetic phosphodiester used as an enzyme substrate for phospholipase enzymes. 4-MUPC is used as a fluorogenic substrate to measure the activity of phopholipases, which are important mediators of cell signalling.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-beta-D-glucuronic acid, sodium salt anhydrous is a potent inhibitor of histidine decarboxylase (HDC). It is used in the histochemical staining of dehydrogenase and effector proteins in urine samples. This compound has been shown to inhibit the growth of macroalgae and can be used as a selective agent for phylogenetic tree construction. 5BDG,Sr with its high specificity for HDC, also inhibits cell proliferation in plant cells and ovules.

AquaSpark® beta-D-glucuronide, 10 mM in DMSO, is a chromogenic substrate that can be used to detect the presence of beta-glucuronidase enzyme. The substrate is a blue fluorescent compound that can be detected by fluorimetry or chemiluminescence. AquaSpark® beta-D-glucuronide, 10 mM in DMSO, has been shown to be an excellent ligand for binding to beta-glucuronidase and can be used for detection of this enzyme in food testing and culture media. The product also has high purity, being obtained from Sigma Aldrich Corporation with CAS No. 2484873-21-2 and Staining.

4-Methylumbelliferyl nonanoate is a synthetic fluorogenic substrate for lipase. It is used to measure the activity of lipases in vitro. 4-Methylumbelliferyl nonanoate reacts with a lipid substrate, such as sodium taurocholate, to produce 4-methylumbelliferone and dodecanol. The fluorescent product can be detected by fluorimetric or spectrophotometric methods. This compound is activated by an enzyme preparation, such as proteolytic enzymes, and can be used to measure the activity of these enzymes in vitro.

Applications 2-Deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose-13C6 is the isotope labelled analogue of 2-Deoxy-3-fluoro-D-glucose (D234500), a substrate of hexokinase isozymes. References Cheyne, R.W., et al.: Nuc. Med. Biol., 38, 339 (2011);

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Fluorogenic substrate targeting esterases , hGSTP1-1

5-Bromo-6-chloro-3-indoxyl choline phosphate is a chemiluminescent substrate for the detection of bacterial activity. It reacts with an enzyme, luciferase, which is present in a variety of living cells. The reaction produces light. This product has been tested for environmental and food safety by the manufacturer. 5-Bromo-6-chloro-3-indoxyl choline phosphate is used as a diagnostic tool to determine the presence of bacteria in humans, animals, and plants. It can be used to measure levels of bacteria in culture media, water samples, and food products. 5-Bromo-6-chloro-3-indoxyl choline phosphate can also be used as a substrate for enzymes such as phosphatases or esterases that catalyze reactions with substrates with brominated or chlorinated groups.

A substrate for visualising alkaline phosphatase activity. It produces a purple insoluble end product that is detected visually, when used together with Nitroblue tetrazolium. The substrate system is versatile and has functions in a variety of applications, including Northern, Southern, and Western blotting, in situ hybridization, ELISAs, microarray and immunohistochemistry. DMF soluble.

Fluorogenic substrate for β-D-Cellobiosidase yielding a blue fluorescent solution upon cleavage.

2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl b-D-xylobioside is a chemiluminescent substrate that is used as a diagnostic agent. It has been used in the identification of gram positive and gram negative bacteria, which are differentiated by the color of the reaction. This substrate has also been used to detect the presence of certain enzymes produced by bacteria. 2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl b-D-xylobioside has shown to be an effective enzyme substrate for detecting bacterial growth in culture media and is often used as a fluorogenic substrate in food testing.