Dyes, Stains and Tinctures

Sulfamic acid is a sulfonamide that can be used as an industrial coagulant. It is also used to stabilize metal ions and can be used in the treatment of wastewater. Sulfamic acid has a chelate ring structure, which binds to metals such as iron and aluminum, making them insoluble. This prevents the metals from entering the environment, which is why it is often used in environmental pollution control. The structural formula for sulfamic acid consists of a sulfur atom bonded to two nitrogen atoms, with three oxygen atoms as its side chains. The sulfur atom has two hydroxyl groups and one methyl group attached to it. Sulfamic acid contains one or more aliphatic hydrocarbon chains that are attached to the sulfur atom through an oxygen atom on each end of the chain. One oxygen atom has a hydrogen atom attached to it, while the other end of the chain is left uncharged due to a lack of electrons. Sulfamic acid contains a chlorine atom at

Dimidium bromide is a cationic surfactant that is used in detergent compositions. It is a magnesium salt of a fatty acid and has been shown to be effective against infectious diseases when it is used to clean contaminated surfaces. Dimidium bromide has been shown to be an effective antimicrobial agent, even in the presence of benzalkonium chloride, which is an inhibitor of antimicrobial agents. When dimidium bromide is combined with nitrogen atoms, it can enhance the antimicrobial activity against resistant bacteria. This compound also shows anti-inflammatory properties and can be used for wastewater treatment as well as for cell culture.

C.I.Food orange 3 is a surfactant that has been used in the food industry as a colorant and an emulsifier. It is a low-energy, anhydrous sodium dodecyl sulfate with hydroxyl groups on its surface. C.I.Food orange 3 reacts with water to form hydrogen bonding and stable complexes and has a particle size of less than one micron in diameter. The powder is stable in acidic or alkaline solutions, but will not react with radiation or light at room temperature due to its chemical stability. This product is red fluorescent, which makes it useful for coloring food products such as cheese, ice cream, and cake mixes. C.I.Food orange 3 also has high viscosity, making it suitable for use in sauces that require thickening agents like butter or flour.

Victoria Blue B is a compound that contains potassium dichromate and sodium citrate. It has been shown to have high resistance against many types of bacteria, including human serum and cell nuclei. Victoria Blue B has been shown to adsorb nitrite ions from wastewater, which can be useful for the treatment of sewage or as an antimicrobial agent in biological samples. The mechanism by which Victoria Blue B does this is not yet fully understood.

C.I.Direct Yellow 107 is a versatile dye that can be used for various applications. It is commonly used in the textile industry to dye cellulose-based fabrics, providing vibrant and long-lasting colors. This dye is also used as a stain in laboratory settings, particularly in histology and microscopy, where it helps visualize specific structures or cells. In addition to its use as a dye and stain, C.I.Direct Yellow 107 has been studied for its potential therapeutic effects. Research has shown that this dye exhibits antiviral properties and may help inhibit the replication of certain viruses. It has also been investigated for its potential role in treating hepatitis. Furthermore, C.I.Direct Yellow 107 has shown promise in the field of neuroscience. Studies have suggested that this dye can modulate the release of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and kinin, potentially influencing neuronal activity. This makes it a valuable tool for studying the intricate workings of the brain. Overall, C.I.Direct Yellow 107 is a versatile compound with diverse

Bromopyrogallol red is a photochemical reagent that can be used as an optical sensor for nitrite ions. The substance reacts with nitrite ions to produce a stable complex, which has a strong absorption in the visible region of the spectrum. This reaction mechanism is based on the photochemical properties of bromopyrogallol red and its ability to form stable complexes with nitrite ions. Bromopyrogallol red can be used as a sample preparation agent in analytical methods for measuring nitrite ion concentration in wastewater treatment and human serum samples. It is also useful in measuring the amount of nitrites produced by stomach acid hydrolysis. br>br>

Single isomer of 5(6)-ROX. It is a fluorescent dye used in RT-PCR methods as an internal reference to determine fluorescence variation that is not associated with the amplification process (plastic of the wells, small differences in concentration or volume, instrument measurements). It produces a constant fluorescence emission signal during the PCR process that is used to normalise the emission produced by the reporter. The fluorescence signal is compatible with most reporters. It is used to label the 5’ end of oligonucleotides as a reporter in the presence of a quencher at the 3’ end (dual labelled probe). During the amplification, the dye is cleaved, and the fluorescence increases proportionally with the amount of the specific sequence amplified during the PCR process. The development of the fluorescence signal is therefore specifically related to the amplification of the target sequence. 6-ROX with NHS-activated carboxylic acids reacts with primary amines.

Thiazole orange is an organic compound that has been used to detect acid in various liquids. It is a stable complex that can be formed with thiazole-5-carboxylic acid and 4,4'-dimethoxybenzhydrol. Thiazole orange changes color from yellow to red at pH values less than 2.0. The detection of the red form of Thiazole orange can be used to identify samples containing low levels of acid. The molecule is also useful for determining the pH of blood samples. This can be done by adding it to a sample and measuring its absorbance at different wavelengths using a spectrophotometer or confocal microscope.

5-Carboxytetramethylrhodamine - (TAMRA) is a widely employed fluorescent dye (orange/red) that is suitable for different uses. In PCR applications, it has been used as both a reporter at the 5’ or as a quencher at the 3’ end. TAMRA-labelled oligonucleotides have been used to study interactions with DNA or DNA/protein interactions. It is an excellent fluorescent acceptor for FRET applications with a suitable dye pair. It is used as a protein/antibody labelling agent for structural studies, immunochemistry and flow cytometry. Bioconjugation is generally performed through coupling of the carboxylic acid to a primary amine at the N-terminus of a protein, on lysine side chains or amino-modified oligonucleotide.

Stability Hygroscopic, Light Sensitive Applications Basic Blue 26 is a basic dye used in a variety of applications and industries, including the cosmetic industry where it is found in temporary hair dyes. Basic Blue 26 adsorbs well to activated carbon surfaces. References Williams, T. N.; et al.: ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng., 6, 2344 (2018); Vieira de Souza, T. N.; et al.: Appl. Surf. Sci., 448, 662 (2018).

Fluorogenic dye targeting caspase 3

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C.I.Reactive Red 120 is a reactive dye that has been shown to adsorb onto the crystal structure of formic acid and react at a temperature of 50°C. C.I.Reactive Red 120 is also catalytic, with an efficiency of up to 80%. The antibacterial activity of this dye has been shown to be comparable to that of other dyes, such as Reactive Yellow 3 and Reactive Blue 15. This dye is used in the detection, identification, and quantification of bacteria by liquid chromatography (LC) with UV-visible spectroscopy or LC-MS/MS analysis. It can be used for bacterial identification in the presence of escherichia coli and bovine serum albumin (BSA) proteins as well as other interfering substances in biological samples.

Hydroxy naphtol blue is a synthetic azo dye, characterised for containing the functional group R N=N R. The hydroxy naphtol blue disodium and trisodium salt are used as indicators to determine the content of alkaline earth and lanthanides spectrophotometrically, showing at maximum a wavelength of ~ 650 nm (λmax = 647.6 nm). The best example of the use of hydroxy naphtol blue sodium salt is to determine the hardness of water by measuring the concentration of calcium and magnesium. At alkaline or basic pH, the hydroxy naphtol blue forms a pink/red complex with the metal ions and, after titration with EDTA, hydroxy naphtol blue is liberated, turning the solution blue which indicates the endpoint.

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Stability Hygroscopic, Moisture Sensitive Applications Used as insect chemosterilant; in dyeing. Antineoplastic. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Gaines, et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 14, 515 (1969), Huitema, A., et al.: Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 51, 61 (2001), Jinno, H., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 31, 398 (2003),

Fluorophore used to study molecular assemblies of surfactants and amphiphiles

Quinaldine red is a dye that binds to DNA. It has been shown to bind to α1-acid glycoprotein, which is a protein found in human serum and other biological samples. Quinaldine red may be used as a fluorescence probe for the detection of α1-acid glycoprotein or it may have other uses in biological research. This dye has been shown to react with p-nitrophenyl phosphate and form quinaldine as the product. The reaction mechanism of this process is not well understood, but it may involve hydrophobic effects and the formation of hydrogen bonds between nitrogen atoms on the p-nitrophenyl phosphate molecule and hydroxyl groups on quinaldine molecules. The binding affinity of this compound for DNA is enhanced by radiation exposure, which leads to increased fluorescence due to excitation of the dye by photons from radiation.

Pigment Yellow 168 is a synthetic organic pigment that is used in paints and varnishes. It is an oil-soluble, reactive dye that can be used as a colorant in plastics. Pigment Yellow 168 has been shown to be stable under UV radiation and light exposure, which makes it ideal for use in outdoor paints.

C.I.Reactive Orange 16 is a reactive dye with an orange hue. It is used in textile dyeing, paper, and leather industries. It is also used in toxicity studies to measure the effect of substances on living organisms. C.I.Reactive Orange 16 is not soluble in water and has a high resistance to acid and alkali; it has been shown that the optimum concentration for this dye is 0.1%. The mechanism of the reaction between C.I.Reactive Orange 16 and nitrogen atoms provides a basis for its use in wastewater treatment as well as its adsorption properties. Langmuir adsorption isotherms have shown that C.I.Reactive Orange 16 has an adsorption capacity of 1,812 g/g at 25°C and pH 6-7, which can be increased to 3,072 g/g at 40°C and pH 7-8 by adding sodium citrate to the solution (in order to

Applications Carcinogenic compound commonly found in hair dyes and henna ink, also a commonly used synthetic intermediate Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Mulyono; T., et al.: J. Biosci. Bioeng., 103, 147 (2007), Mosley-Foreman, C., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 46, 3780 (2008), Patel, A.K., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 56, 9236 (2008), Akyuz, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 47, 68 (2008),

Methylene blue trihydrate is a water-soluble dye and a chemical compound that has been used in medical diagnostics. It is an electron-accepting molecule that can be used as a pH indicator, and it has been shown to have effects on the rate of DNA synthesis by bacterial cells. Methylene blue trihydrate can also be used to measure the concentration of chloride ions in solution, and it has been shown to adsorb to both organic and inorganic substances. This compound is being investigated as a possible treatment for various types of cancers including leukemia and malignant melanoma. Methylene blue trihydrate binds to DNA with intercalating properties, which blocks DNA replication during cell division. The energy metabolism of cells is inhibited by methylene blue trihydrate when it binds at adenosine monophosphate (AMP). In addition, methylthioninium chloride (MTT) is formed from methylene blue trihydrate when it reacts with

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Acid Orange 33 is a synthetic diazo dye used as a colorant and a dye intermediate. It is soluble in water and organic solvents, but insoluble in oils. Acid Orange 33 can be used as an ophthalmic or topical agent for the treatment of various skin conditions, such as acne. The mechanism of action of this drug is not yet fully understood, but it is known to cleave collagen at specific sites. Acid Orange 33 may also have anti-inflammatory properties, which are due to its cationic character and ability to bind with amines. The reaction time for Acid Orange 33 varies depending on the type of amine that it binds to, with lower reactivity observed when it binds to more basic amines (e.g., methylamine).

C.I.Acid Red 52 is a fluorescent dye that is used as a probe for the study of wastewater treatment processes. The fluorescence intensity of C.I. Acid Red 52 increases when it binds to an adsorbent material such as activated carbon, due to the adsorption process. It has also been used extensively in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) applications as a synchronous fluorescence quencher, and has been shown to inhibit ubiquitin ligases in biological samples with high specificity. In addition, this dye has been found to have carcinogenic potential in animal studies and may react with substances present in the matrix solution during analytical methods, leading to errors in the measured data.BR>

Vat Blue 6 is a reactive dye that can be used in the production of textiles and paper. The name Vat Blue 6 comes from the vat dyeing process, which is a type of textile dyeing. It reacts with sulfonic acids and light exposure to form a hydroxyl group. This reactive dye also has a glycol ester in its molecule, which makes it soluble and more reactive than other types of dyes. Vat Blue 6 is anhydrous and has a diameter between 0.1-0.3 microns, making it small enough to be used as a cross-linking agent or as a particle for surface treatment. Vat Blue 6 has been shown to have high reactivity in the presence of monocarboxylic acids and fatty acids, which are both found in natural fibers such as wool or silk.

Leucomalachite Green is a green luminescent compound that exhibits significant cytotoxicity in vitro. This chemical can be used to measure the water vapor flow rate of a sample. The leucomalachite green assay can be performed using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method with fluorescence detection. Leucomalachite Green has been used as an indicator for the presence of water vapor with a sensitivity range of 0.1% to 100%. It is also used in clinical pathology, toxicity studies, and cellular physiology research.

Applications Iodine is used in ionic liquids in the preparation of dye-sensitized solar cells. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Wang, P. et al.: J. Phys. Chem. B, 107, 13280 (2003); Kubo, W. et al.: J. Phys. Chem. B. 105, 12809 (2001);

Pigment Red 32 is an organic pigment that is soluble in propylene glycol and surface-active agents. It has a particle diameter of about 0.1 microns and an average particle size of 0.2 microns, with a maximum of 100% dispersion in water. Pigment Red 32 has been shown to be acidic, fluorescent, thiophosphoric, non-polar, styrene-based, and organic solvent-soluble. This pigment is used in the production of plastics and paints for devices such as TV screens due to its ability to liquefy under radiation or heat. Pigment Red 32 also contains functional groups that impart both hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties to the molecule.br>br> Pigment Red 32 can be found in paint products including acrylics, alkyds, latexes, oil paints, and watercolors.br>br> Pigment Red 32 can be found in plastics products including ABS res

Pigment Orange 36 is an organic pigment with a light-emitting property. It is soluble in organic solvents, such as benzene and chloroform, but insoluble in water. Pigment Orange 36 has a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon structure with ester linkages between the aliphatic hydrocarbon and aromatic hydrocarbon moieties. The molecule consists of two sections: one section is soluble in organic solvents and the other section is soluble in water. The particle size of Pigment Orange 36 ranges from 0.1 to 1 micron in diameter, and it emits light when excited by UV radiation or visible light.

Bis(5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl)pyrophosphoric acid, disodium salt is a high quality reagent that is used as a useful intermediate or a speciality chemical. It reacts with alcohols and amines to produce substituted indoles. Bis(5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl)pyrophosphoric acid, disodium salt can be used in the synthesis of complex compounds and has been used as a building block for the synthesis of some pharmaceuticals. This compound is also useful in the production of research chemicals such as amphetamines and MDMA.

Bromochlorophenol Blue sodium salt is a surfactant that is used as an indicator for liquid chromatography. It has been used to detect the presence of avian influenza virus in amniotic fluid samples and to determine the concentration of influenza A virus in chicken eggs. Bromochlorophenol Blue sodium salt is a proton donor and can be used to enhance radiation-induced reactions. This surfactant also has a high solubility, which makes it useful for dissolution of organic compounds prior to analysis by liquid chromatography. The assay sensitivity of Bromochlorophenol Blue sodium salt can be increased by adding chloride ions, which are added as the final step before use.