Lactones

Decursidin is a chemical compound, classified as a coumarin derivative, which is a bioactive constituent derived from the roots of the Angelica gigas plant. This compound is prominent for its pharmacological activities, attributed to its distinct chemical structure. The source of Decursidin, Angelica gigas, is predominantly found in East Asia and has been a focal point of traditional medicine. The extraction and isolation of Decursidin involve advanced chromatographic techniques to ensure purity and efficacy for research purposes. Decursidin functions primarily through modulating various cellular pathways. It exhibits potential anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and neuroprotective properties, largely by interacting with signaling cascades and influencing the expression of specific genes. This compound can inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines and may induce apoptosis in certain cancer cell lines. In terms of uses and applications, Decursidin is under investigation for its therapeutic potential in treating inflammatory diseases, certain cancers, and neurodegenerative disorders. It is an area of active research, and further studies are needed to fully understand its mechanisms and therapeutic viability. Researchers continue to explore its applications in drug development, with a focus on its efficacy and safety profiles.

Neoglycyrol shows some cardioprotective effects .

Isopimpinellin is a furanocoumarin compound, which is derived from the plant Angelica archangelica, commonly known as angelica. This compound is characterized by its intricate chemical structure that includes the fusion of a furan ring to a coumarin backbone. The source, Angelica archangelica, is a biennial plant found predominantly in temperate regions and is notable for its use in traditional herbal medicine. The mode of action of isopimpinellin involves interactions with biological pathways that can influence enzymatic activity and cellular signaling processes. Specifically, it has been studied for its capacity to modulate cytochrome P450 enzymes, which play a critical role in drug metabolism and the activation or detoxification of xenobiotic substances. Furthermore, due to its structure, it may interact with DNA and proteins, affecting cellular function. Isopimpinellin has been the subject of research for its potential applications in medicine and pharmacology. It is explored for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and potential anti-carcinogenic properties. The insights derived from studies on isopimpinellin contribute to understanding its role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and its potential therapeutic benefits in treating various diseases.

Praeruptorin C/E relaxes arteries, reduces heart contractility, acting like calcium blockers. D/E protect mice from acid lung injury by halting PMNs and IL-6.

(±)-Praeruptorin A could exhibit its anti-osteoclastogenic activity by inhibiting p38/Akt-c-Fos-NFATc1 signaling and PLCγ-independent Ca(2+) oscillation.

Lactone

Ent-toddalolactone is a natural compound belonging to the coumarin group, derived from amphotericin. It has anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity.

Peucedanol methyl ether is a bioactive natural compound, which is derived from certain species of the Peucedanum genus, commonly found in various geographic regions. This compound is predominantly obtained from natural extracts through advanced chromatographic techniques. Its molecular structure is characterized by its functional groups, which contribute to its biological activities. The mode of action of Peucedanol methyl ether involves interacting with specific cellular targets, which can modulate biochemical pathways. This interaction often leads to biological effects such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, or antimicrobial activities, depending on the cellular context and the specific targets involved. In scientific research, Peucedanol methyl ether is explored for its potential therapeutic applications. Researchers investigate its effects on cellular processes to understand its efficacy and mechanisms in disease models. The comprehensive study of this compound aids in elucidating its role in pharmacology and toxicology, contributing to the development of novel therapeutic agents. Moreover, its structure-activity relationship can be analyzed to design derivatives with enhanced bioactivity or reduced toxicity.

Lactone

Demethyldaphnoretin-7-O-glucoside, from Daphne oleoides, treats malaria, rheumatism, and heals wounds in Turkish medicine.