Nucleotides

5-Methoxyuridine is a nucleoside that is structurally related to uridine. It is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of pyrimidines and is also used as a precursor for other compounds. 5-Methoxyuridine has been shown to inhibit protein synthesis by binding to purine receptors and inhibiting the function of protein kinases. The x-ray crystal structures of 5-methoxyuridine bound to two different p2y receptors have been determined. The analytical chemistry of 5-methoxyuridine is based on UV absorption measurements, which are able to identify hydrogen bonds between the base and the sugar moiety. This drug has been investigated for its potential use in cancer therapy due to its ability to inhibit RNA synthesis, which can lead to cell death by incomplete replication or transcription. 5-Methoxyuridine inhibits messenger RNA (mRNA) production in bacteria by interfering with sequence recognition and binding sites within the ribosome and preventing

Used for energy storage and in nucleic acid metabolism

2'-Deoxy-2-methoxyadenosine is a nucleoside that has been isolated from the sponge Spongospora. It is a glycosylated nucleoside that contains a formamidine chromophore and an amino function. The molecule has been synthesized by solid-phase synthesis, which involves the use of phosphoramidite chemistry to attach a series of building blocks onto an oligonucleotide template. 2'-Deoxy-2-methoxyadenosine was found to have thermal stability in phosphate buffer solutions and low reactivity with nucleophiles such as ammonia or methylamine. This nucleoside can be used as a substituent in synthetic organic chemistry and has been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria such as Clostridium perfringens.

7-Deaza-7-iodoadenosine is a nucleotide that has been used in experiments to assess the levels of adenosine, a dinucleotide phosphate that is involved in many cellular functions. 7-deaza-7-iodoadenosine has been shown to inhibit locomotor activity in rats and cyclase activity in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. It also inhibits the release of inflammatory proteins from polymorphonuclear leucocytes and angiogenesis (formation of new blood vessels) in liver cells. Although this nucleotide has not been extensively studied, it has been proposed as an antiinflammatory agent because it inhibits protein synthesis and downregulates proinflammatory proteins.

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3-Deazauridine is a uridine analog that inhibits the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and protein. It has been shown to inhibit the activity of 3-deazauridine synthetase in HL-60 cells. 3-Deazauridine also has significant cytotoxicity against colorectal adenocarcinoma cells and synergistic effects when used with other chemotherapeutic agents. The mechanism of action of 3-deazauridine is similar to that of other enzyme inhibitors, such as glycosidic bond formation or competitive inhibition. The sample preparation for this drug is complicated by its insolubility in water.

9-(2',3',5'-Tri-O-benzyl-b-D-arabinofuranosyl)adenine is a nucleoside that has shown anticancer and antiviral properties. It inhibits replication of DNA and RNA in cells, which may be due to its ability to inhibit the synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides and ribonucleotides. This compound is synthetically produced from 2',3',5'-tri-O-benzyl b-D-arabinofuranosyl chloride and adenine monophosphate (AMP). 9-(2',3',5'-Tri-O-benzyl-b-D-arabinofuranosyl)adenine is also known as arabinoside A.

5'-O-DMT-2'-O-methyl-N6-phenoxyacetyladenosine is a novel synthetic nucleoside with antiviral and anticancer activities. It is a phosphoramidite that can be used to synthesize oligonucleotides of any sequence. It is a nucleoside analogue that has been shown to inhibit the activity of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which are enzymes that maintain the integrity of bacterial DNA. 5'-O-DMT-2'-O-methyl-N6-phenoxyacetyladenosine is also an activator of viral transcription and replication. 5'-O-DMT-2'-O-methyl-N6-phenoxyacetyladenosine has been shown to be active against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Clostridium perfringens, although it is not active against acid fast bacteria such