Natural Products and Phytochemicals by Botanical Origin

Applications Platycodin D is a known inhibitor of the proliferation of human gastric cancer cells as well as inducing apoptosis. It also causes anti-atherosclerotic. References Wu, J. et al.: Biol. Pharm. Bull. 35, 1216 (2012); Chun, J. et al.: J. Cell. Biochem., 114, 456 (2013);

Applications Withanolide A, is a neuritogenic steroid. It may act as deterrent for feeding insect larva and other herbivores. Withaferin A, causes activation of Notch2 and Notch4 in human breast cancer cells, and thus used as novel anticancer agents. References Liffert, R., et al.: Chemical Science, 4, 2851 (2013); Lee. J., et al.: Breast Cancer, Res. treat., 136, 45 (2012);

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1-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-7-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione is commonly known as Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound derived from the rhizome of the plant Curcuma longa, commonly known as turmeric. It is a natural product with a diverse range of biological activities. Curcumin is known for its antioxidant properties, which enable it to scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative stress. Furthermore, it exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting various molecules involved in the inflammatory pathway, such as NF-κB and COX-2 enzymes. Curcumin is widely studied for its potential therapeutic applications in the treatment and management of various conditions, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic syndromes. Its ability to modulate multiple cellular signaling pathways makes it a compound of interest in pharmacological research. However, one of the limitations of curcumin is its poor bioavailability, which has led to ongoing research into improved delivery methods such as nanoparticles and liposomal formulations to enhance its clinical efficacy. Respecting its natural origin and multifaceted therapeutic potential, curcumin continues to be a significant subject of study within the scientific community.

Applications (1R,​2R,​5R)​-​2-​Isopropyl-​5-​methylcyclohexanol is used in the tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols. References Magyar, A. et al.: Catal. Lett., 145, 1876 (2015);

Applications Azadirachtin B is a drug analog of azadirachtin which was investigated in agrochemical studies of bioregulators for the antifeedant mode of action of parent molecule against Lepidoptera and locusts. References Mordue, A. Jennifer., Pesticide Science, 54, 277-284, (1998)