Pesticide Standards

Applications Gibberellic Acid Acetoxymethyl Ester is an analog of Gibberellic acid. Gibberellic acid acts as a plant growth regulator on account of its physiological and morphological effects in extremely low concentrations. Generally Gibberellic acid affects only the plant parts above the soil surface. Gibberellic acid is a hormone. References Bayle, J., et al.: Chem. Biol., 13, 99 (2006), Ihara, S., et al.: J. Cell Sci., 119, 500 (2006), Suh, B., et al.: Science, 314, 1454 (2006), Rinaudo, K., et al.: Nat. Biotechnol., 25, 795 (2007),

Stability Hygrosopic Applications Labelled analogue of Tolylfluanide, a polyvalent sulfamide fungicide that is closely related to dichlofluanide. Tolylfluanide is used in the control of black spot and grey mould and suppression of powdery mildew on strawberries as well as other fruits and crops. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Jarosz, A. et al.: Prog. Plant Prot., 43, 697 (2003); Yoon, C.S. et al.: Plant Pathol. J., 24, 447 (2008); Wainwright, A. et al.: Bright. Crop Prot. Conf. Pests Dis., 1, 275 (1996);

Applications 2-[4-(2',4'-Dichloro-5'-hydroxyphenoxy)phenoxy]propionic Acid Sodium Salt, is a Diclofop (D431555) metabolite. Diclofop-methyl is used as the active ingredient in many herbicides that are used to control weed growth in plants such as wheat and wild oats. References Marzouk, E., et al.: J. Appl. Sci. Res., 9, 4907 (2013); Schwalbe, M. et al.: J. Agri. Food Chem., 32, 734 (1984);

Applications Quinmerac-3,8-dicarboxylic Acid is a impurity of Quinmerac (Q696500(P)) which is a Auxin-type herbicide. References Grossmann, K., et al.: J. Exp. Bot., 52, 1811 (2001),

Applications Ethoxysulfuron Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package

Applications Cacodylic acid is used for dermatologic treatment in cronic eczema, anemia and as a tonic. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Mandal, B., et al.: Talanta, 58, 201 (2002), Naranmandura, H., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 20, 616 (2007), Naranmandura, H., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 227, 390 (2008), Violin, J., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 283, 2949 (2008),

Applications (Z)-11-Tetradecenyl Acetate is a sex pheremone component that can be found in various insect specie, such as O. nubilalis and Asian and European corn borers. References Leary, G.P., et al.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 109, 14081 (2012);

Applications 4-(Trifluoromethyl)nicotinoyl Glycine is a metabolite of Flonicamid (F405710); a novel insecticide with rapid inhibitory effect against aphid feeding. References Lee, Sung Woo., et al.: J. Chrom. A., 1218(28), 4366-4377 (2011); Hengel, Matt J., et al.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 55(20), 8033-8039 (2007); Morita, M., et al.: Pest. Manag. Sci.,63, 969 (2007); Sabatino, L., et al.: Food. Additive. Contamin., 6, 11 (2013)

Applications A bactericide detected in rivers and lakes. The current lot contains 8.7% d2, 0.2% d1 and 0.002% d0. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Lindstrom, A., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 2322 (2002)

Applications Cymoxanil-d3 (methoxy-d3) (CAS# 2140803-92-3) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound of Cymoxanil(C988995). Cymoxanil is a fungicide applied as a seed treatment or as a foliar application to the plants to control late blight. References Dhingani, J. C., et al.: J. Pure. App. Microbiol., 6, 1683 (2012); Bakirici, G.T., et al.: Food. Chem., 135, 1901 (2012);

Applications Acifluorfen-methyl-2-amino is a derivative of Acifluorfen (A795248), a herbicide. References Gooch, A. et al.: Env. Toxicol. Chem., 36, 2227 (2017)

Applications Metoxuron is used as a herbicide. References Navarro, Simon, et al.: J. of Agric. and Food Chem., 60(21), 5279-5286 (2012);Zhang, Rong, et al.: Sepu, 36(12), 1228-1237 (2018)

Applications Keleva Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package

Applications A major metabolite of Fenthion (FEN). It is used as organophosphorus pesticides. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Buratti, F., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 167, 245 (2006), Buratti, F., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 33, 295 (2005), Buratti, F., et al.: Toxicology, 241, 33 (2007),

Applications cis-trans-Nepetalactone, is an organic compound, isolated from the plant catnip,which acts as a cat attractant. Nepetalactone can also be effective on some insects. It repels cockroaches and mosquitos. References Kingsley, D, ABC Science Online, Feb 14, 2009; McElvain, S.M., et al.: J. Am.Chem.Soc, 63, 1558 (1941);

Applications O-Des-(2,2-methylbutyryl) Spirodiclofen is a metabolite of Spirodiclofen (S682990) in animals and plants. Spirodiclofen is a tetronic acid acaricide used in controlling red mites. References Demaeght, P., et al.: Insect Biochem. Molec., 43, 544 (2013); Koester, J.: Pflanzenschutz-Nachrichten Bayer, 55, 237 (2002); Rauch, N., et al.: Pestic. Biochem. Phys., 74, 91 (2003)

Applications Oryzalin is an herbicide of the dinitroaniline class of compounds which works through the disruption of microtubules. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Liang, Q. et al.: Plant. Biotechnol., 33, 59 (2016);

Applications Dicamba is a herbicide. Dicamba functions by increasing plant growth rate. At sufficient concentrations, the plant outgrows its nutrient supplies and dies. Dicamba has been approved by the EPA for use on genetically modified soybeans and cotton.Environmental toxin on US EPA Toxic Release Inventory list (TRI) list. References Oehler, D.D., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 28, 685 (1980); Griffin, J., et al.: Weed Techno., 27, 696 (2013); Chem. and Eng. News, Nov. 14, 2016, p. 17

Applications Tebuconazole is an ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor present in most pesticide formulations (1,2). Various uptake is observed in plants (3). Drinking water Contaminant Candidate List 3 - CCL 3 as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Environmental contaminants; Food contaminants. Useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698235). Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References 1. Grimalt S. et al.: Anal Bioanal Chem. 2015 Apr;407(11):3083-912. Gent, D. et al.: Plant Dis. 2003 May:87(5) p591-5973. Wang, C. et al.: Pest. Biochem. Physiol. 2007 Jan:87(1) p1-8

Applications Hexaflumuron is an benzoylphenylurea based chitin synthesis inhibitor used against Ephestia figulilella. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Sun, C.X., et al.: Bull. Environ. Contamin. Toxicol., 89, 868 (2012); Khajepour, S., et al.: J. Insect. Sci., 12, 102 (2012);

Applications Fluroxypyr-1-methylheptyl Ester is a derivative of (F598780), a systemic and selective herbicide. Fluroxypyr is used for the control of broad-leaved weeds in small grain cereals, maize, pastures, range land and turf. Fluroxypyr is a synthetic auxin. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Radivojevic, L. et al.: Pesticidi, 16, 181 (2001); Roberts, H.A. et al.: Tests Agrochem. Cult., 6, 96 (1985); Sanders, G.E. et al.: Ann. Appl. Biol., 111, 385 (1987);

Applications Isotope labelled Acephate (A130850) acts as a contact and systemic insecticide in agriculture through pesticide formulations. Through perinatal exposure studies, it has been linked to hyperglycemia, changes in lipid metabolism and type 2 diabetes (1). Acephate exposed Drosophila melanogaster potentially display an L-ascorbic acid mediated defense (2). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants. Standard for Pesticide detection. Useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698240). References Ribeiro, T., et al.: Toxicology, 372, 12-21 (2016); Rajak, P., et al.: J. Hazard. Mater., 321, 690-702 (2017)

Applications 1S-cis-Bifenthrin is a pyrethroid which was evaluated in vitro and the interactions with estrogen receptor were predicted to determine disruption of the hormonal network and the enantioselectivity of bifenthrin in trophoblast. 1S-cis-Bifenthrin was observed to have greater effects of consistent enantioselective interference o hormone signaling. Thus, 1S-cis-Bifenthrin are of significant concern to maternal-fetal health.Third generation synthetic pyrethroid. Insecticide, acaricide. Used in Pesticide detection References Zhao, Meirong., Environmental Science & Technology, 48, 8109-8116, (2014)Plummer, E.L., et al.: Pestic. Sci., 14, 560 (1983), Trumble, J.T., et al.: J. Econ. Entomol., 81, 608 (1988), Ross, M., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 71, 657 (2006), Hillegass, J., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 102, 413 (2008),

Applications Dihexadecyl(dimethyl)azanium bromide is an ionic olefin derivative used in the preparation of metal-containing ionic liquids for use in particle synthesis and materials with magnetic or thermochromic properties. References Zabel, A.; et al.: Int. J. Mol. Sci., 17, 596/1 (2016).

Applications Monocrotophos is an organophosphorous insecticide. Monocrotophos is used mainly against cotton pests but it is also used in the protection of citrus, rice, potatoes, vegetables and other crops. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Patel, I. et al.: Ind. J. Agric. Sci., 67, 83 (1997); Rao, V.L. et al.: Ind. J. Agric. Sci., 54, 209 (1984); Kinzer, R.E. et al.: J, Econ. Entomol., 69, 697 (1976);

Applications Thallium sulfate is an inorganic compound used in the preparation of luminescent extended one-​dimensional heterobimetallic chain compounds with relativistic metal-​metal bonds, by reaction with gold thiophosphinomethyl complexes. References Wang, S.; et al.: Inorg. Chem., 28, 4623 (1989);

Applications 2,4-D 1-butyl ester

Applications N,N-Diethylphenylacetamide, is a multi-insect repellent with a faint pleasant smell. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Rakkiyappan, C., et al.: Int. J. Poly. Mat., 61, 1154 (2012);

Applications Isotope labelled Methiocarb acts as a pesticide which is used in the protection of crops from insects and fungus. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Wong, J. et al.: J. Agri,. Food. Chem., 58, 5897 (2010); Ghini, S. et al.: Arch. Env. Cont. Toxicol., 47, 479 (2004);

Applications Dichloroprop is a herbicide used for the post-emergence control of annual and perennial broad-leaved weeds and some brush species. References Freitas, M.R., et al.: RSC Adv., 5, 7547 (2015); Aizawa, H.: Handbook of Metabolic Pathways of Xenobiotics, 3, 1212 (2014)

Applications Labelled insecticidal, acaricidal, and fungicidal combinations of carboxamides and other pesticides. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Dugo, G., et al.: Food Chem., 16, 435 (2005), Caldas, E., et al.: Toxicology, 222, 132 (2006), Cabras, P., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 45, 2244 (1997), Wilkinson, C., et al.: Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol., 31, 30 (2000),

Applications 2-(Methylthio)Benzothiazole could be useful for removing pollutants in drinking water. References Di Marcantonio, C., et al.: Chemosphere, 260, 127630 (2020)

Stability Hygroscopic Applications 1-Amino-3-Hydroxybenzene is used in the preparation of inhibitors of mammalian carbonic anhydrase isoforms. Also used in the preparation of quinoline tethered fluorescent carbon dots for regulated anticancer discovery. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Carta, F. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 21, 1564 (2013); Karthik, S. et al.: Chem. Comm., 49, 10471 (2013);

Applications 2,4,6-Triamino-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile is a photodegradation product of two isostructural pesticides in aqueous solution: Cyromazine (C989300) and Dicyclanil. References Kimbrough, R., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 30, 908 (1996), Root, D., et al.: Pesticide Sci., 48, 25 (1996), Yokley, R., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 48, 3352 (2000),

Applications Acifluorfen-2-amino is a reduction product of Acifluorfen (A795248), a herbicide. Acifluorfen-2-amino is usually the first product in the degradation of Acifluorfen. References Gennari, Mara, et al.: J. of Agri. and Food Chem., 42(5), 1232-6 (1994);Gooch, A. et al.: Env. Toxicol. Chem., 36, 2227 (2017)

Applications N-Acetylaminomethylphosphoric Acid is been found to show inhibitory properties towards ureases. References Berlicki, L. et al.: Amino Acids, 42, 1937 (2012);

Applications 2-Hydroxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine (cas# 33252-63-0) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.

Applications Diclofop-methyl is used as the active ingredient in many herbicides that are used to control weed growth in plants such as wheat and wild oats. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Marzouk, E., et al.: J. Appl. Sci. Res., 9, 4907 (2013)

Applications Used as a broad range pesticide against insects, fungi, vegetation and bacteria. It has become a common environmental contaminant and probable human carcinogen. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Gulcan, H., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 21, 1503 (2008), Toropov, A., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 16, 5999 (2008), Franco, A., et al.: Envir. Toxicol. Chem., 28, 2018 (2009), Jensen, S., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 57, 5872 (2009),

Applications (R)-Clodinafop is used as herbicides for weed control in wheat. References Zadoks, J., et al.: Weeds Res., 14, 415 (1974), Dadari, S., et al.: Crop Protection, 24, 842 (2005),

Stability Air Sensitive Applications 7-Hydroxycitronellal shows fungicide activity the strains of Candida tropicalis. References Filho, O., et al.: Bioscience Journal, 33, 204 (2017)

Applications A metabolite of Chlorpyrifos (C425300). Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Barron, M.G., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 12, 1469 (1993), Tang, J., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 29, 1201 (2001),

Applications β-Cypermethrin is a pyrethroid compound that is used as an insecticide to eliminate unwanted pests from crop fields. β-Cypermethrin has been advertised to be safe for humans despite the fact that considered a possible human carcinogen. Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package References Chen, S., et al.: Appl. Micro. 94, 505 (2012); Li, Z., et al.: Bull. Env. Cont. Toxicol., 80, 335 (2008)