Enzyme Substrates

6-Chloro-1H-indol-3-yl b-D-mannopyranoside is an enzyme substrate that is used in the fluorogenic and chromogenic assays for detecting indoleamines. This compound has a conjugate, which is a fluorescent molecule that can be attached to an antibody to target specific proteins or cells. 6-Chloro-1H-indol-3-yl b-D-mannopyranoside is used as a diagnostic agent in the detection of bacterial and fungal infections. It is also used as an indicator of cell growth in culture media.

Phenylethyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranoside can be used to inhibit the growth of bacteria, yeast, and fungi. It is a yellow powder that has been shown to cause regression in tumor xenografts in mice. Phenylethyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranoside inhibits cellular proliferation by blocking the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids. This compound also has been shown to have an effect on the environment because it inhibits the growth of phytoplankton. Phenylethyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranoside was found to disrupt bacterial gene expression profiles, which may be due to its ability to inhibit protein synthesis at the ribosome level.

2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranoside is a synthetic substrate for various enzymes, including the enzymes that catalyze the conversion of D-glucose to glucose 6 phosphate. This compound is used as a growth factor and has been shown to inhibit chronic kidney disease in rats. In addition, it has also been shown to regulate matrix metalloproteinase activity in human urine.

1-Naphthyl beta-D-glucuronide (NPG) is a chromogenic enzyme substrate used to detect the presence of β-glucuronidase activity. Upon hydrolysis by the enzyme, it produces a yellow product that can be detected by spectrophotometry or visually. It is commonly used in clinical assays to detect the presence of the enzyme in urine samples, as elevated levels can indicate liver or urinary tract diseases. It is also utilized in environmental testing, as some bacteria strains can produce the enzyme as a by-product, making NPG a useful tool for detecting these strains in contaminated water or food sources.

6-Chloro-3-indolyl b-D-cellobioside is a chromogenic substrate that produces a salmon-pink color after enzymatic cleavage. It is used for detecting the activity of beta-D-cellobiosidase in enzyme assays.

3-Indoxyl sulfate potassium salt (3ISKP) is a microbial metabolite that has been shown to have an optimum concentration in the range of 0.5-2.0 mM. It is water soluble, and can be found in human serum and human feces. 3ISKP is synthesized from tryptophan by gut bacteria as well as from dietary sources such as soybean protein. 3ISKP has been shown to inhibit mitochondrial membrane potential, which may lead to apoptosis of cells or inhibition of physiological function. 3ISKP also inhibits fatty acid synthesis, which may affect the metabolism of other nutrients. The analytical method for 3ISKP is LC-MS/MS with a reaction solution containing methanol and acetonitrile in a ratio of 1:1 with a pH range of 4-5.

2-Nitrophenyl 2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-b-D-galactopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate that can be used to detect β-galactosidase activity. This specific substrate is one of the most commonly used substrates for detecting β-galactosidase activity in diagnostic assays. It reacts with the enzyme to produce a blue color and has a fluorescence emission maximum at about 480 nm. The product is available in high purity and high quality and it is also an enzyme substrate.

Galβ(1-3)[neu5acα(2-6)]GlcNAc-β-PNP is a glycosylation product of the complex carbohydrate GlcNAc. It is synthesized by the enzyme β-1,3-galactosyltransferase and N-acetylneuraminic acid transferase. This product has been modified using click chemistry to introduce a fluorine atom at the 6 position of Neu5Acα2-6. Galβ(1-3)[neu5acα(2-6)]GlcNAc-β-PNP is available in high purity and custom synthesis.

Chemiluminescent substrate for b-galactosidase

Applications Met-enkephalin analog found in opioid extracts of brain and adrenal chromaffin cells that is an artifact generated by trichloroacetic acid extraction. MUS is used as a fluorimetric substrate for arylsulphatase enzyme. Subsitution of the hydroxyl group of 4-methylumbelliferone (4-methyl-7-hydroxy-coumarin) causes the excitation wavelength of the umbelliferone to shift to shorter values and also brings about a decrease in fluorescence.Fluorescence: max. Abs = 334 mm; max. Em. = 370 mm References Harinath, B., et al.: J. Neurochem., 18, 245 (1971), Marniemi, J., et al.: Int. J. Biochem., 4, 95 (1973), Bojarova, P., et al.: ChemBioChem., 9, 613 (2008),

Chromogenic β-galactosidase substrate yielding a yellow solution upon cleavage. Can be used for the detection of coliforms due to their β-galactosidase activity.

5-Bromo-6-chloro-3-indolyl b-D-cellobiopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate for the enzyme β-glucuronidase. It is used in diagnostic applications such as food testing, bacterial culture media and environmental testing. The product has CAS number: 123591-77-0.

Chromogenic substrate for N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase yielding a blue precipitate. Contained in certain mycological culture media. Used in histochemistry.

2-Amino-5-pyridyl 2-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-a-D-galactopyranose is a chromogenic substrate for the enzyme β galactosidase. It is used to detect the presence of β galactosidase in bacterial cultures. The substrate is soluble in water and has a long shelf life. 2APAAG can be used for food testing and environmental testing as it produces a bioluminescent signal when cleaved by β galactosidase.

Aldol® 484 acetate is a chromogenic substrate for carboxylesterases yielding a red precipitate. In contrast to classical indoxyl substrates, Aldol® substrates can be used under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

Resorufin b-D-glucuronide sodium salt is used as a fluorogenic substrate for beta-glucuronidase (GUS) to study drug metabolism.

4-Nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranoside is an extracellular nucleic acid molecule that is produced by the bacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum. This compound has been shown to inhibit cancer cells by blocking the transport of glucose through the cell membrane and may be a potential drug target for cancer treatment. 4NPTAPG has also been shown to have diagnostic properties and can identify corynebacterium glutamicum strains. It is a fluorescent molecule that can be used to detect the presence of this bacterium in culture media.

Please enquire for more information about 4-Methylumbelliferyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-galactopyranoside including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page