Antimicrobiens

Gentamycin sulphate is the salt form of the broad-spectrum antibiotic gentamycin (a.k.a. gentamicin). Gentamycin is active against clinically relevant bacteria, such as: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, and is used to fight infections from Staphylococcus, Citrobacter and Enterobacteriaceae species. Gentamycin is a natural mixture of four congeners, one of which is gentamicin C2a. Gentamycin has been included in biomedical implantable materials, such as, bone grafts, to reduce the risk of infection.

Antibacterial agent with the ability to permeate bacterial membranes and cause cell death. Colistin is a cationic peptide also known as polymyxin E. Colistin is effective in multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacteria such as P. aeruginosa, A. baumannii and K. pneumoniae.

Aureothin is a bioactive compound, classified as a polyketide antibiotic, which is derived from the culture of the bacterium Streptomyces thioluteus. This compound operates primarily through the inhibition of protein synthesis by interfering with the aminoacylation of tRNA with specific amino acids. Its mode of action disrupts cellular protein synthesis, which is essential for cell growth and function, leading to its potent antibacterial and antifungal activities. Aureothin exhibits a broad spectrum of uses and applications. In microbiological and pharmaceutical research, it serves as an important tool for studying microbial resistance mechanisms and protein synthesis pathways. Its application extends to agricultural research, where it is evaluated for controlling pathogenic fungi and invasive plant species due to its herbicidal properties. The compound’s dual action as both an antimicrobial and herbicidal agent makes it valuable in the development of new agrochemicals and therapeutic strategies against infections. Scientists continue to explore its biosynthesis and potential modifications to enhance its efficacy and specificity.

Amicoumacin C is a biological product derived from certain strains of the Bacillus species, specifically fermented by Bacillus subtilis. It is recognized as a potent antibiotic compound, noted for its ability to inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, primarily by interacting with the 30S ribosomal subunit, thereby hindering the translation process. Amicoumacin C exhibits potent activity against a wide range of Gram-positive bacteria, making it a valuable candidate for addressing antibiotic resistance issues in clinical settings. Its specific mode of action involves binding to the ribosome, which disrupts the function of essential bacterial proteins needed for growth and replication. This unique mechanism provides an avenue for researchers to explore potential synergies with existing antibiotics and to address drug-resistant infections. In scientific research, Amicoumacin C is utilized for studying bacterial resistance mechanisms and exploring its therapeutic potential for developing novel antibiotics. Moreover, its role as a tool in molecular biology helps in understanding ribosomal function and the intricate details of protein synthesis inhibition.

Clindamycin-2-phosphate is a lincosamide antibiotic with action on bacterial protein synthesis inhibition and is used for treating serious bacterial infections like skin and respiratory infections.

Methyl [6-(chlorosulfonyl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl]carbamate (MSB) is a synthetic antimicrobial agent that belongs to the group of benzimidazole derivatives. It is a potent antiparasitic and antibiotic, with a broad spectrum of activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses. MSB has been used in chemotherapy for the treatment of various types of cancer. MSB is also used as an antiviral or antifungal agent. MSB has shown to be highly effective in laboratory tests against HIV and hepatitis C virus. The compound binds to DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which are vital enzymes for maintaining bacterial cell integrity. This binding prevents the production of proteins required for cell division, leading to cell death by inhibiting protein synthesis.

Papyracillic acid is a bioactive compound, classified as a secondary metabolite, which is isolated from certain species of fungi. This compound originates from the natural metabolic processes of these microorganisms, often cultured on specific media to optimize production levels. Its mode of action involves disrupting essential bacterial cellular functions, primarily by inhibiting the synthesis of key structural components, leading to compromised integrity and function of bacterial cells. In scientific and pharmaceutical contexts, Papyracillic acid is studied for its potential antibiotic properties. It has shown efficacy against a selective spectrum of bacterial pathogens, making it a candidate for further investigation into novel antibacterial agents. Current research delves into its specific interactions at the molecular level, exploring its potential as a lead compound for the development of new antibiotics. Additionally, Papyracillic acid's role in combating antibiotic resistance is a significant area of interest, as it offers a promising avenue for overcoming challenges posed by resistant bacterial strains.

Applications Isotope labelled 4,5-Dichloro-2-methylisothiazol-3-one is an methylisothiazolinone derivative and a potential antimicrobial agent for the inhibition of PCAF activity. References Morley, J.O. et al.: Org. Biomolec. Chem., 3, 3713 (2005); Briski, F., et al.: Chem. Biochem. Engineer. Quater., 13, 27 (1999);

Fosfomycin-beta-D-galactopyranoside sodium is a masked antibiotic which is specifically activated by the enzyme beta-galactosidase. The compound can be cleaved by organsims expressing beta-galactosidase, leading to release of unmasked fosfomycin and thus auto-inhibition. Fosfomycin is a broad-spectrum cell wall active agent that inhibits the MurA enzyme involved in peptidoglycan synthesis of bacteria.

Sofosbuvir d6 is a deuterated antiviral drug used for the treatment of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, which is synthesized chemically. This modification involves the replacement of hydrogen atoms with deuterium, a stable isotope of hydrogen, resulting in enhanced pharmacokinetic properties. By incorporating deuterium, the metabolic stability of the compound is improved due to the kinetic isotope effect, which slows down the metabolic degradation of the compound. Sofosbuvir d6 acts as a prodrug, which, upon administration, is converted into its active triphosphate form. It functions as a nucleotide analog inhibitor of the HCV NS5B polymerase, essential for viral RNA replication. By acting as an alternative substrate for the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, it results in chain termination, thereby inhibiting the replication of the virus. This product is utilized in scientific research and development settings to analyze the metabolism and efficacy of antiviral drugs, providing a model for studying the pharmacokinetics and dynamics of antiviral agents. It is particularly valuable in preclinical and clinical research phases to assess potential benefits in therapeutic applications.

Applications 4-(2-Fluoro-4-nitrophenyl)morpholine is a reactant in the synthesis of 5-​substituted oxazolidinone derivatives with high antimicrobial activity. References De Rosa, M., et. al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 69, 779 (2013)

6-Amino-1-cyclopropyl-7-(3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-8-methyl-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid is a synthetic quinolone antibiotic, which is derived from chemical synthesis processes designed to mimic the naturally occurring quinolone core structure. With a specific mechanism of action, it inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. These enzymes are critical for supercoiling and uncoiling DNA, meaning that their inhibition results in an inability of bacterial cells to properly replicate their DNA, ultimately leading to cell death. This compound is primarily applied in areas where bacterial infections need targeted and effective treatments, especially for Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Its application is significant in the context of treating resistant bacterial strains that fail to respond to other classes of antibiotics. This makes it invaluable in clinical settings where robust and reliable antibiotic options are paramount. Additionally, its unique structure and action provide utility in research contexts investigating antibiotic resistance mechanisms and developing new antibacterials.

Ampicillin is a β-lactam antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It is used in the treatment of bacterial infections, including those caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Listeria monocytogenes. Ampicillin binds to penicillin-binding proteins in the bacterial cell wall by competitive inhibition. It prevents the formation of an antibiotic-inhibitor complex with the enzyme cell wall synthesis that is required for cell wall biosynthesis, inhibiting protein synthesis and cell division. Ampicillin is part of our Bio-X ™ Range. These products are aimed at life science researchers who need high quality ready-to-use products for assay development, screening or other R&D work. With a solubility datasheet and convenient vials, all of our Bio-X ™ products are in stock across our global warehouses for rapid delivery and ease of use.

Bedaquiline fumarate is the salt form of bedaquiline, a diarylquinoline molecule with an ATP synthetase inhibitory activity. Bedaquiline fumarate is an FDA-approved drug for the oral treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Bedaquiline fumarate acts by inhibiting the activity of the ATP synthetase in the pathogenic bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, even in the case of multiple antibiotic resistant strains.

Tromantadine hydrochloride is a synthetic antiviral compound, which is a derivative of adamantane. It originates from chemical synthesis, tailored specifically to target viral processes. Tromantadine hydrochloride primarily exerts its effects by inhibiting the penetration of virus particles into host cells and impeding the subsequent stages of viral replication. This mode of action effectively reduces the viral load and hinders the progression of the infection. The primary use of Tromantadine hydrochloride lies in its application against herpes simplex viruses. It is utilized in topical formulations for the treatment of conditions such as cold sores and genital herpes. By limiting the ability of the virus to replicate and spread, Tromantadine hydrochloride assists in reducing the severity and duration of outbreaks. Research continues on its efficacy and potential applications, offering insights into broader antiviral treatments and prophylactic measures in virology.

Pazufloxacin hydrochloride is a synthetic antibacterial agent, which is derived from the fluoroquinolone class of antibiotics with a broad-spectrum activity against various bacterial pathogens. This compound, sourced through chemical synthesis, functions primarily by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which are critical enzymes for DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. The inhibition of these enzymes leads to the disruption of bacterial DNA processes, ultimately resulting in bacterial cell death. Pazufloxacin hydrochloride is utilized primarily in clinical settings to treat a variety of infections, including those of the respiratory tract, urinary tract, and skin. It is especially effective against Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria. Due to its potent antibacterial properties, it is often employed in situations where other antibiotics may be less effective or when resistance is a concern. Its role in contemporary antimicrobial strategies continues to be of significant interest, particularly in the study of bacterial resistance mechanisms and the development of novel treatment regimens.