Antimicrobiens

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Pan-histone demethylase inhibitor; anti-fungal; iron-chelator

Spiramycin hexanedioate is a macrolide antibiotic, which is derived from the bacterium *Streptomyces ambofaciens*. Its mode of action involves binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit of susceptible bacteria, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis. This interaction results in the interruption of bacterial growth and reproduction, particularly effective against Gram-positive organisms. Spiramycin hexanedioate is used primarily in the treatment of various bacterial infections, including those affecting the respiratory tract, skin, and soft tissues. It has applications in both human and veterinary medicine, where its efficacy extends to the management of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women due to its ability to reduce the risk of fetal transmission. Researchers have also explored its potential in protozoan parasitic infections. Its pharmacokinetic profile, characterized by high tissue penetration, supports its effectiveness in these therapeutic roles. Understanding the mechanism and scope of spiramycin hexanedioate is crucial for its application in clinical microbiology and pharmacology, ensuring optimal outcomes in infection control.

25-O-Deacetyl rifabutin is an antibiotic derivative, which is sourced from the semi-synthetic modification of rifabutin, a compound originally derived from the fermentation of the bacterium Amycolatopsis mediterranei. This derivative works by inhibiting bacterial RNA synthesis. It achieves this by specifically targeting the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase enzyme, which is essential for bacterial transcription. The mechanism involves binding to the beta-subunit of the polymerase, thereby blocking the elongation of the RNA chain, which ultimately leads to the death of the bacterial cell. The primary applications of 25-O-Deacetyl rifabutin lie in its potential use as an anti-tubercular agent. Given the increasing prevalence of resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains, derivatives of rifabutin are being extensively researched for their potential to combat multi-drug resistant forms of tuberculosis. Moreover, its structure-activity relationship is also explored for optimizing efficacy and minimizing resistance development. Studies on 25-O-Deacetyl rifabutin are ongoing to ascertain its pharmacokinetic properties and to evaluate its viability as a therapeutic agent within the broader context of infectious disease control.

Oleandomycin is a macrolide antibiotic, which is derived from the bacterium *Streptomyces antibioticus*. This antibiotic functions by binding to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis. The interruption of this essential process ultimately leads to the cessation of bacterial growth and replication. Oleandomycin is primarily utilized in the treatment of infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria and some Gram-negative bacteria. Its efficacy is notable in respiratory tract infections, skin infections, and in certain cases, it is used as an alternative for patients allergic to penicillin. While it offers significant therapeutic benefits, careful consideration must be given to its application, as resistance can develop due to bacterial adaptation. In a research context, Oleandomycin serves as a useful tool in studies exploring bacterial protein synthesis and resistance mechanisms.

Applications TNP-470 is a synthetic analog of Fumagillin (F862650); a compound isolated from the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. Fumagillin is an antimicrobial agent used in the treatment of microsporidiosis and shows promise as both an anti-infective and antiangiogenic agent. References Molina, J.M. et al.: N. Eng. J. Med., 346, 1963 (2002); Hou, L. et al.: Pathol. Int., 59, 448 (2009); Ingber, D. et al.: Nature, 348, 555 (1990)

EIDD 2801 is an orally bioavailable prodrug of β-D-N4-hydroxycytidine and was shown to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in human airway epithelial cells. EIDD 2801 was also tested in mice infected with SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV viruses. EIDD 2801 targets the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and reduces virus titer and improved pulmonary function in experimental animals when used in prophylactic and therapeutic regime. Molnupiravir is part of our Bio-X ™ Range. These products are aimed at life science researchers who need high quality ready-to-use products for assay development, screening or other R&D work. With a solubility datasheet and convenient vials, all of our Bio-X ™ products are in stock across our global warehouses for rapid delivery and ease of use.

Antibacterial used in treatment of UTI and respiratory tract infections

Amopyroquine is an antimalarial agent and is used for the treatment of malaria. Its mode of action involves the inhibition of haem polymerase in the parasite, leading to the accumulation of toxic haem

Nifursol is a nitrofuran veterinary antibiotic with action on protozoal growth inhibition and is used for preventing histomoniasis in poultry.