Stéroïdes

Gracillin can induce cell cycle arrest, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in HL60 cells, and has the potential to be developed as an antitumor agent.

Natural glycoside

Applications 17α-Methyl-5α-androstane-2β,3α,17β)-triol is a derivative of Madol (M108000, which is an anabolic steroid recently identified to be misused as a doping agent. The potency of Madol (DMT) to transactivate androgen receptor (AR) dependent reporter gene expression was two times lower as compared to dihydrotestosterone (DHT). References Zierau, O., et al.: Planta Med., 69, 856 (2003), Takahashi, M., et al.: Endocr. J., 51, 425 (2004), Labrie, F., et al.: J. Endocrinol., 184, 427 (2005),Friedel, A., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 164, 16(2006),

Lactone

Betamethasone enol aldehyde Z isomer is a synthetic corticosteroid, which is derived from modifications of the naturally occurring glucocorticoid, cortisol. Its structure has been altered to enhance anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive potency. As a Z isomer, it exhibits specific stereochemistry, potentially affecting its pharmacokinetics and interactions at the molecular level. The mode of action of this compound involves binding to glucocorticoid receptors, leading to the modulation of gene expression. This process results in the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines and other mediators involved in immune responses. The distinct configuration of the Z isomer may enhance or modify certain binding affinities crucial for its efficacy. Betamethasone enol aldehyde Z isomer is primarily used in research settings focusing on understanding inflammatory pathways and designing therapeutic interventions for conditions like autoimmune disorders and chronic inflammation. Its applications also extend to studying receptor-ligand interactions and assessing the impact of stereochemistry in drug design.

Resibufogenin is a cytotoxic steroid isolated from the Chinese drug ChanSu, which exhibits the anti-proliferative effect against cancer cells through the degradation of cyclin D1 caused by the activation of GSK-3β. Resibufogenin can inhibit rectifier potassium current ( I K ) and transient potassium current ( I A ), it has pathological effects on central nervous system. Resibufogenin corrects hypertension in a rat model of human preeclampsia, it not only prevents the advent of hypertension and proteinuria, but also the development of intrauterine growth restriction.

Applications Labelled Budesonide, a non-halogenated glucocorticoid related to triamcinolone hexacetonide. Used as an antiinflammatory agent. References Ryrfeldt., A., et a.: J. Steroid Biochem., 10, 317 (1979), Roth, G., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 69, 766 (1980), Clissold, S.P., et al.: Drugs, 28, 485 (1984),

Applications Isopregnanolone-d5 is the isotope labelled analogue of Isopregnanolone (I822200), an derivative used in the preparation of antimicrobial and anti-leukemic steroids. References Shingate, B. et al.: Chem. Biol. Int., 1, 198 (2011); Jegham, H. et al.: Steroids., 77, 1403 (2012);

Applications: An impurity contained in samples of all trans-retinoic acid. References Newton, D., et al.: Cancer Res., 40, 3413 (1980), Curley, R., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2, 1133 (1992), Tanaka, H., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 43, 356 (1995), Patel, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 47, 6716 (2004),