Açúcares e Nucleobases da Espinha Dorsal

Pyrimidine nucleobase; component of nucleic acids

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N7-((2-Hydroxyethoxy)methyl)guanine is a reagent, a complex compound, and a useful intermediate that is used in the manufacture of speciality chemicals. N7-((2-Hydroxyethoxy)methyl)guanine is also a versatile building block that has been shown to be effective in reactions involving the synthesis of N-heterocyclic carbene ligands.

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Applications 5,6-Dimethylthiouracil is a heterocyclic building block.

O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase inhibitor

N6-Methyladenine is a modification of adenine in DNA. It is formed by the methylation of the N6 position of adenine, which is a group P2 purine base. The structural analysis of this compound has been studied using x-ray diffraction data, and it has been found that it may inhibit cancer cells by modifying their DNA. This compound can also be used as an antimicrobial agent to treat infections caused by eukaryotes such as bacteria and fungi. N6-Methyladenine may be useful in transcriptional regulation and cellular transformation.

ICG-carboxylic acid, NIR fluorescent probe, absorbs at 800 nm for medical imaging and heat release. Derived from ICG dye.

Applications An intermediate in the preparation of thymidine derivatives References el Kouni, M., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 51, 1687 (1996),

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Applications 8-Benzyloxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (cas# 96964-90-8) is a compound useful in organic synthesis. References Wang, Y., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 19, 837 (2006),

5-Ethyl-2-thiouracil (5ET) is an inhibitor of uridine phosphorylase and inhibits the synthesis of uridine. It has been shown to inhibit muscle tissue, which may be due to its inhibition of 5'-nucleotidase. 5ET has also been shown to have antitumor activity against Toxoplasma in mice and is oriented with a mass spectrometric detection. The disulfonate group of 5ET has been shown to inhibit the enzyme's activity in a linear range from 0.3 mM to 10 mM, while the methyl ester group is active at concentrations below 0.1 mM. Studies have found that 5ET inhibits the kinetics of uridine phosphorylase by binding to the enzyme's active site, preventing substrate binding and catalysis.

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5,6-Dihydrouracil is a model system and a drug that belongs to the class of inhibitors. It inhibits DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase, and other enzymes by binding to their active sites. 5,6-Dihydrouracil has been shown to inhibit hydrogen bonding interactions with the DNA template or matrix effect in vitro. This drug has also been shown to have an effect on energy metabolism in humans. 5,6-Dihydrouracil is used as a probe for enzyme activity and receptor binding studies in vitro. Additionally, it can be used as an analytical method for determining the presence of dihydrouracil in human serum.

Thiazole Orange is a dye that can be used for reticulocyte analysis.

9-Propenyladenine is a natural product that is an extractant and organic solvent. It has been shown to have protein synthesis inhibition activity against the ribosomal subunit. 9-Propenyladenine also inhibits bacterial growth by binding to DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, thereby preventing transcription and replication. The high frequency of human activity has been shown using a patch-clamp technique on human erythrocytes. This active form is metabolized through a number of metabolic transformations, including hydrolysis by esterases or glucuronidases, oxidation by cytochrome P450 enzymes, reduction by glutathione reductase, or conjugation with glucuronic acid. 9-Propenyladenine also specifically binds to markers expressed at high levels in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains (e.g., ESX-1 secretion system protein) and inhibits cell growth in culture.

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DH5α Competent Cells are ideal cells that are made efficient chemically for transformation techniques. They are recommended for routine subcloning into plasmid vectors giving a transformation efficiency of ≥1 × 10⁶cfu/μg. Subcloning efficiency cells are not suitable for the generation of cDNA libraries. The φ80dlacZΔM15 marker provides α-complementation of the β-galactosidase gene from pUC or similar vectors to allow blue/white colony screening on bacterial agar plates containing X-Gal and similar chemicals.

Applications 7-Deazaguanine (cas# 7355-55-7) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.

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Temozolomide is an anticancer drug that is used in the treatment of malignant brain tumors. It is a prodrug which undergoes conversion to its active form 7-methylguanine by deamination and oxidation. Temozolomide inhibits viral replication by inhibiting the synthesis of nuclear DNA and blocking the progression of RNA polymerase. The reaction mechanism involves oxidative injury to DNA, leading to crosslinking and breakage with subsequent inhibition of polymerase chain reaction amplification. Temozolomide has been shown to have carcinogenic potential in laboratory animals. This drug has been shown to have biochemical properties that are similar to those found in other drugs such as cisplatin, vinblastine, and adriamycin, which also inhibit cellular growth through reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Structural analysis has revealed that temozolomide binds tightly to nuclear DNA with a conformation that is similar to the natural substrate for DNA gyrase, top

Applications N-Succinyl-5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide Ribose 5’-Phosphate is a metabolite of Purine. Since adenosine is a potent inhibitor of neuronal function, depressing the release of several excitatory transmitters and causing direct hyperpolarization of neurons, it was possible that the symptoms seen in adenylosuccinate lyase (ASase) deficient patients could reflect an interference of succinylpurines with neurotransmission. References Gollub, E.G., et al.: J. Bacteriol., 78, 320 (1959), Srivastava, P.C., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 17, 1207 (1974),

5-Methoxy-4-thiouridine is a polymerization inhibitor of polynucleotides. It has been shown to be an inducer of polynucleotide phosphorylase, which is involved in the synthesis of DNA and RNA. 5-Methoxy-4-thiouridine also has antiviral activity by inhibiting interferon production. This drug can also inhibit protein synthesis by preventing phosphorylation of enzymes such as phosphorylase and glycogen synthase kinase 3β. The molecular weight of this compound is about 368 daltons, and it has a molecular formula of C5H6N5S2.

2'-Deoxy-5-fluorouridine 5'-(dihydrogen phosphate) is a potential anti-cancer compound. It is a prodrug that undergoes enzymatic conversion to 5-fluorouracil, its active form. The mechanism of action of 2'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine 5'-(dihydrogen phosphate) is not fully understood but it has been shown to inhibit tumor growth in mice. This drug also inhibits thymidylate synthase, an enzyme that converts thymine into thymidylate in the DNA synthesis pathway. Inhibition of this enzyme leads to the accumulation of thymine and depletion of deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP), which are necessary for DNA replication.

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2,6-Dibromopurine is a purine that is found in caffeine. It is an analogue of adenosine and inhibits the growth of human cells lines by competitively inhibiting the incorporation of deoxyadenosine into ribonucleotides. The kinetic study showed that 2,6-dibromopurine has a higher affinity for the adenosine receptor than adenosine. The effect of 2,6-dibromopurine on cellular metabolism has been shown to be stereospecific as it can inhibit both deoxyadenosine kinase and adenylate kinase activities. This drug also inhibited hematopoietic cells in vitro, which may be due to its ability to inhibit ribonucleotide reductase activity.

6-Fluoro-9-beta-D-Ribofuranosyl-9H-Purine (6FdRP) is a metabolite of cisplatin, an anticancer agent. Cisplatin is used in the treatment of various types of cancer. 6FdRP inhibits DNA synthesis by competitively binding to the active site of thymidylate synthase, which is responsible for the production of thymidine from deoxyuridine monophosphate. This drug also inhibits cellular protein synthesis and can produce teratogenic effects in infants if administered during pregnancy. 6FdRP has been shown to inhibit cardiac cells at frequencies below those that cause malformation.

Applications 6-​Methyl-​2-​thiouracil is a derivative of methylthiouracil (M330710), a competitive inhibitor of Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS). Potential anti-inflammatory agent. References Palumbo, A. et al.: Biochem. Bioph. Res. Co. 282, 793(2001), Ku, S. et al.: Toxicol. App. Pharmacol., 288, 374 (2015);

5-Bromouracil is a cytotoxic agent that inhibits the synthesis of DNA by inhibiting the enzyme thymine-5-bromo-2'-deoxyribonucleotide synthetase. It also has genotoxic effects on the organism, which can be observed in transfection experiments with human lymphocytes and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) experiments. 5-Bromouracil binds to the hydroxyl group of thymine and interacts with the nucleic acid bases, blocking the process of DNA synthesis. This drug is used to treat cancer in humans, but it is also toxic to eosinophils, which are white blood cells that produce chemicals such as peroxidases that help fight infections. The mechanism of action for 5-Bromouracil is not yet fully understood.

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Xanthine is a reactive, oxidized form of purine. It is found in the human body as a product of xanthine oxidase (XO) metabolism of xanthine and hypoxanthine. Xanthine is known to have antioxidant properties and has been shown to inhibit the activity of xanthine oxidase in vitro. Xanthine, when combined with other anticancer drugs such as doxorubicin, can be used as an anticancer agent. This drug has been shown to cause oxidative injury in humans and animal models at physiological levels.