Sugars

Applications α-D-Glucopyranuronic Acid Methyl Ester 2,3,4-Tribenzoate 1-Methanesulfonate is a reactant in organic synthesis. It is used in the preparation of novel quaternary glucuronyl reagent for preparation of tertiary amines. References Araya, I. & Akita, H.: Heterocycles., 75, 1213 (2008)

Dihydrozeatin-O-glucoside is a plant metabolite that can be isolated from the roots of Eucomis. It has been shown to have an abscisic acid conjugate, which is a metabolite that inhibits stomatal opening and increases water retention in plants. Dihydrozeatin-O-glucoside has also been shown to act as a growth regulator for plantlets. The metabolic pathway for dihydrozeatin-O-glucoside is not well understood, but it is known that it is biosynthesized by a phosphate derivative of dihydrozeatin, which is derived from zeatin, which in turn is derived from zeaxanthin.

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Zinc Glucoheptonate is a cationic surfactant that has been approved for use as an antimicrobial in cosmetics. It is used to inhibit the growth of bacteria on skin cells, and also has microbicidal activity. Zinc Glucoheptonate is a hydrogenated solution of zinc gluconate and heptanoic acid. This product is used in cosmetic formulations as a skin protectant, emollient, and anti-irritant. It can be used in products such as lotions, creams, sunscreens, cleansers, and makeup removers. The viscosity of this product ranges from 1000 to 10 million centipoise (cps), with particle size ranging from .01 to 1 micron.

This gamma-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) derivative is a modified cyclic oligosaccharide composed of eight glucose units, featuring a larger cavity size than α- and β-cyclodextrins. This structural characteristic allows γ-CDs to form inclusion complexes with a wider range of guest molecules, making it particularly versatile in various industries. In the food sector, it is used as a carrier and stabilizer for flavors, fat-soluble vitamins, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, protecting volatile compounds from evaporation. In pharmaceuticals, it enhances the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs and, thanks to its larger ring size, allows for the encapsulation of larger molecules or even entire drug molecules. γ-CDs and derivatives are also used for environmental remediation and, in analytical chemistry, for the extraction and concentration of target substances.

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Applications Labelled D-Glucose is a simple sugar that is present in plants. A monosaccharide that may exist in open chain or cyclic conformation if in solution. It plays a vital role in photosynthesis and fuels the energy required for cellular respiration. D-Glucose is used in various metabolic processes including enzymic synthesis of cyclohexyl-α and β-D-glucosides. Can also be used as a diagnostic tool in detection of type 2 diabetes mellitus and potentially Huntington's disease through analysis of blood-glucose in type 1 diabetes mellitus. References Wang, R., et al.: J. Mol. Catal. B. Enz., 56, 131 (2009); Springhorn, C. et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 97, 4640 (2012); Hashimoto, K. et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 97, 3016 (2012); Avelange, M. et al.: Plant. Phys., 94, 1157 (1990); Cramer, C. et al.: J. Chem. Soc., 115, 5745 (1993);

N-Trifluoroacetylgalactosamine is a monosaccharide that is anomeric and sialic. It is a ligand for the lectin agglutinin, which is involved in the interaction of glycan with chemoenzymatic. The N-trifluoroacetyl galactosamine has been shown to be thermodynamically and enthalpically stable in solution. A kinetic study of the reaction has also been performed by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. This sugar interacts with its ligand, galactose, which is involved in glycosidic bonds, forming a resonance structure.

Calcium-D-galactonate hydrate is a reagent that is used in organic synthesis as a complex compound. It can also be used as an intermediate for the synthesis of calcium-D-galactonate, which is a useful scaffold for the construction of bioactive molecules. Calcium-D-galactonate hydrate has been shown to have many uses in the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries. This compound is also an important reactant in research, due to its versatility and usefulness in organic synthesis.

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6-O-Benzoyl-3-Deoxy-3-Fluoro-1,2-O-Isopropylidene-alpha-D-Glucofuranose is a polar compound that is used to study the uptake and assaying of respiratory enzymes. It has been shown to inhibit oxygen uptake in isolated rat liver mitochondria. This compound also inhibits oxidative phosphorylation by inhibiting mitochondrial enzymes activities, including succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase. 6ODGF can be used to determine the role of respiratory chain in mitochondrial ATP production.

Orcinol glucosid is a plant extract that has been shown to have cytochrome P450 (CYP3A) inhibitory activity. Orcinol glucosid is also known to be an intestinal water extract, as well as a blood and liver microsomal extract. The concentration of orcinol glucosid in plasma is unknown. It has been shown to have CYP3A activity in both the liver and kidney, but not in the orbital region.

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