Antimicrobiens

Validamycin E is an antifungal antibiotic, which is a secondary metabolite derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces hygroscopicus. Its mode of action involves the inhibition of trehalase, an enzyme crucial for the hydrolysis of trehalose into glucose, disrupting essential energy pathways in fungi. By inhibiting trehalase, Validamycin E effectively interferes with the growth and development of fungal pathogens. This compound is primarily used in agriculture to control and manage plant diseases caused by pathogenic fungi, such as Rhizoctonia solani. It is particularly employed in crops like rice, vegetables, and fruit trees, where it helps in mitigating the impact of fungal infections on productivity and crop quality. Validamycin E's specific action against trehalase ensures a targeted approach, reducing the risk of harmful effects on non-target organisms, making it an invaluable tool in integrated pest management systems. Its application contributes to sustainable agricultural practices, supporting both the protection of crops and the preservation of ecological balance.

Anti-fungal; sterol demethylase inhibitor

3-(2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl)-3,4-imidazolidinedione is a synthetic compound, which is a derivative of imidazolidinedione. It is primarily characterized as an antifungal agent with broad-spectrum activity against various fungal species. Its mode of action involves disrupting the synthesis of ergosterol, an essential component of fungal cell membranes. This disruption leads to increased membrane permeability and ultimately, cell death. The efficacy of this compound is attributed to its ability to inhibit the growth of pathogens by targeting critical pathways necessary for fungal survival. Used extensively in the field of medicinal chemistry, its applications include the treatment of fungal infections in both clinical and agricultural settings. This compound's selectivity for fungal cells, while sparing mammalian cells, underscores its significance in developing antifungal therapies. Researchers continue to explore its potential in addressing drug-resistant fungal strains, making it a subject of ongoing study within pharmaceutical and agricultural research domains.

Applications β-Costol is a component in essential oil from plant extract and exhibits antibacterial and antifungal activities References Suleimen, E.M., et al.: Chem. Natural Compds., 55, 154 (2019);Doungchawee, J., et al.: Chemistry and Biodiversity, 16, (2019);Gandhi, A.S., et al.: Am. J. Pharm.Tech. Res., 8, 189 (2018);

BMS 806 is used as an anti-viral agent. It has been shown to inhibit the replication of HIV. BMS 806 inhibits viral life by binding to the surface glycoproteins and inhibiting viral entry into cells. The drug also inhibits viral replication by preventing DNA transcription and translation. BMS 806 is part of our Bio-X ™ Range. These products are aimed at life science researchers who need high quality ready-to-use products for assay development, screening or other R&D work. With a solubility datasheet and convenient vials, all of our Bio-X ™ products are in stock across our global warehouses for rapid delivery and ease of use.

Gentamicin B is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, which is derived from the bacterium Micromonospora. This derivative exhibits its mode of action by binding to the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, disrupting protein synthesis. As a result, it causes misreading of mRNA, ultimately leading to cell death, thereby exhibiting bactericidal effects. Gentamicin B is commonly employed in the treatment of serious infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, and Escherichia coli. It is particularly useful in healthcare settings for severe systemic infections, such as those affecting the respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin, and soft tissues. Due to its potent activity, it is often reserved for situations where other antibiotics might be ineffective. Additionally, its use is monitored carefully to avoid potential nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity, common side effects associated with aminoglycosides. Thus, Gentamicin B plays a critical role in the antibiotic arsenal, particularly in hospital settings dealing with resistant bacterial strains.

Virginiamycin - Complex of M1+S1 is an antibiotic compound, which is derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces virginiae. It functions through the inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit, thereby obstructing peptide bond formation and impeding microbial growth. The complex is composed of two major components: Virginiamycin M1 and Virginiamycin S1, which synergistically enhance antimicrobial efficacy. In scientific applications, Virginiamycin is utilized extensively as a growth promoter in livestock, owing to its ability to improve feed efficiency and weight gain. It is also employed in veterinary medicine to treat and prevent infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria, including some resistant strains. Additionally, its use extends to industrial fermentation processes as an agent to maintain selective conditions and enhance yield. Despite its benefits, the rise of antibiotic resistance necessitates careful management of Virginiamycin usage to mitigate potential impacts on human health.

Steffimycin B is an anthracycline antibiotic, which is a metabolite produced by certain Streptomyces species. This compound functions by intercalating into DNA, thereby inhibiting the synthesis of nucleic acids and disrupting essential cellular processes. Its mode of action involves preventing the replication and transcription of bacterial DNA, leading to cell death. Steffimycin B has been primarily explored for its antibiotic properties, particularly in research settings for its potential to combat specific bacterial infections. Additionally, its structural similarities to other anthracyclines suggest potential use in studying mechanisms of drug resistance and interactions with DNA. Further investigation may reveal additional therapeutic applications or synergistic effects in combination with other antimicrobial agents.

Sulfadiazine is a sulfonamide antibiotic with action on bacterial folate synthesis inhibition and is used for treating toxoplasmosis and urinary tract infections.

Applications Anti-infective (topical). Antimicrobial.Environmental contaminants; Food contaminants; Heat processing contaminants References Morris, et al.: Cancer Res., 29, 2145 (1969), Sanderson, H., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 144, 383 (2003),

Apramycin sulfate is a semisynthetic antibiotic that inhibits the growth of Gram-negative bacteria. It is a sulfonamide and has been used in clinical isolates to treat bacterial infections. Apramycin sulfate inhibits the biosynthesis of folic acid, which is important for DNA synthesis and cell division. It also inhibits the production of RNA by binding to ribosomes and inhibiting protein synthesis. Apramycin has been shown to have anticancer properties as well, with studies showing that it can inhibit tumor growth in vitro and in vivo.

Gentamicin C1a pentaacetate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic derivative, which is synthesized through the acetylation of the hydroxyl groups in gentamicin C1a. This compound is derived from the fermentation products of Micromonospora species, a genus of actinobacteria. Its mode of action is similar to that of standard aminoglycosides, primarily involving the binding to bacterial 30S ribosomal subunits. This binding interferes with protein synthesis by causing misreading of mRNA, ultimately leading to the inhibition of protein production and bacterial cell death. In scientific research, Gentamicin C1a pentaacetate is utilized in studies focusing on antibiotic resistance mechanisms, structure-activity relationships, and the development of new derivative antibiotics. Its modified structure offers opportunities to explore variations in bacterial susceptibility and efflux mechanisms. Understanding such interactions is vital for the design of potent antibiotic candidates and combating resistant bacterial strains. Given the growing concern over antibiotic resistance, studies involving Gentamicin C1a pentaacetate contribute to a broader comprehension of aminoglycoside modifications and their potential applications in clinical and laboratory settings.

Inducer of apoptosis; translational inhibitor; aminonucleoside antibiotic

Rifaximin is a rifamycin antibiotic with action on bacterial RNA polymerase to inhibit transcription and is used for treating travelers' diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome, and hepatic encephalopathy.